Qin Yi, epigraph name. Also known as Qin Louyue, Blue Cloud and Lotus Leaf. According to legend, this word was first written by Li Bai, so it was named "Yi Qin E" because of the phrase "Qin E dreamed of breaking Qin Louyue". "Qin E" originally refers to Nong Yu, a woman of ancient Qin State. Legend has it that she is a good daughter, loves to play the flute and married the fairy Xiao. Later, the couple blew oral sex, causing the phoenix to fly on their backs. It's where Xiao blows, I thought. In Li Bai's ci, she refers to the women of the Qin Dynasty (now Shaanxi Province). Write about her. As her lover is not at home, she can't sleep well at night. Spring looks forward to autumn, and year after year, she is always happy. In disappointment and pain, she felt sad about the beautiful scenery of Leyuan Scenic Area and the tombs of Han Dynasty.

Cui Le Dan recorded in the Tang Dynasty recorded the music played between Kaiyuan and Tianbao, with the name of Bodhisattva Man instead of E, and there was no "Qin Yi E" in Dunhuang songs. In the Five Dynasties and the early Northern Song Dynasty, Feng Yansi, Zhang Xi 'an and Ouyang Xiu were found to use the tune of Qin Yi E as their lyrics. However, the poem Qin Yi E written by the three of them is quite different from the word Li Bai in syntax and rhythm, such as Feng Yansi's Qin Yi E: "The wind is blowing. The night rain is covered with dark clouds. Didi, the guest gets off the banana lamp outside the window. Unless the soul dreams of the old country, it will not be separated from the mountain. In retrospect, I forgot a word on my pillow. " Zhang Xian's "Remembering Qin E": "Wrong bamboo, blowing acacia. Love is not enough, and there are buildings in the northwest. Recalling Tiaoxi, the cold shadow is clear. Autumn geese fly south. The grass is green, so you have to go down to Xitousha for the night. " Judging from what Feng Yansi, Zhang Xi 'an and Ouyang Xiu have done, they don't seem to know that Li Bai's Memories of Qin E existed before them. It was Li Zhiyi at the end of the Northern Song Dynasty who first attributed this poem to Li Bai. In the forty-fifth volume of his Collected Works of Gu Xi Jushi, there is a poem "Qin Yi E" with the note: "Use Taibai rhyme." About this time, the song "Qin Yi E" handed down to Li Bai was handed down from generation to generation. In Mao Kun's Ci of East Tang Dynasty, E and Yu are judged as two tones, but E is still the style, but only as Li Bai's Ci. At the beginning of Southern Song Dynasty, Shao Bo recorded the full text of Qin Yi E, which was circulated in Li Bai. Later, people who wrote "Qin Yi E" planned to use this style, while Feng Yansi, Zhang Xi 'an and other styles were useless. Like Bodhisattva Xia before, the academic circle continues to study and explore the word, which is passed down as Li Bai.

Wang Guowei's comment in "Ci Hua on Earth" is that "the west wind still shines, but Han Jialing is gone": "A few words have passed through the ages. There are only Fan Wenzheng's "The Pride of Fisherman" and Xia Yinggong's "Xi Qian Ying" in later generations, and the weather is insufficient. " This kind of "weather" had happened to poets in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. But the "weather" in this word is very different from the "weather in the prosperous Tang Dynasty" in the Kaiyuan era. "Meteorology in the Prosperous Tang Dynasty" is profound and profound, with a broad artistic conception and strong charm, and the word is also full of sadness, so Hu Yinglin said that the word "Qi also declined" reflected the fate of the decline of the Tang Dynasty. If this poem is indeed written by Li Bai, it may be a later work of Tianbao. The poet expressed his feelings in a similar way through Qin E, integrating intuitive feelings with images. The first part is written by personal sorrow, and the second part is transformed into historical sorrow.

Different from "Bodhisattva Xia", the word has changed from the rendering of objective scenery to the description of the inner feelings of the characters. At first, it wrote about the inner modality of the characters: the whimpering flute woke Qin E up from his dream, and a waning moon slanted in front of the window. Although the dream is broken, she seems to be still immersed in it and having a good time with her lover. However, only the cold waning moon accompanied her. Alas, how many such moonlit nights made her feel dejected and feel sorry for herself. Then let's turn to the memory of "Baling Farewell". "Lu Yong" said: "When the Han Dynasty sent an envoy to the East, it must start from Fuling, so I am here to present a willow tree to the traveler as a farewell." Willow green, year after year, Iraqis are still in the distance, only the whimpering flute and the cold waning moon accompany the thin beautiful image. This is actually Qin E's yearning for his lover, expressing the author's inner thoughts and pursuits. This kind of thinking and pursuit is persistent, but fruitless.

The first part of the word is entangled in personal joys and sorrows, and the second part seems to be unable to satisfy the expression of feelings compared with the technique. The poet put aside the previous subject and directly integrated himself into the picture, ups and downs. The place where the head was changed suddenly began with the "Clear Autumn Festival in Leyuan Scenic Area". It is the carnival season for couples in Tomb-Sweeping Day, but the protagonist is independent in the afterglow of the west wind, and "has nowhere to go, and sings to himself alone" (Le Ge Yuan by Du Fu). At this point, personal worries have been completely put aside and integrated into the worries about history. Poets entered a historical reflection by taking the Xianyang ancient road and the tombs of the Han Dynasty, which are the remains of the Qin and Han Dynasties. The ancient road is long, the sound is full of dust, all the prosperity, luxury and indulgence have disappeared, leaving only the west wind accompanied by the flute and the mausoleum of the bloody sunset. Is the author paying tribute to Qin Huang Hanwu? No, he is reflecting on history and reality. There are reflections on the past and the present, prosperity and decline, sadness and joy. Although the poet didn't write about the life of the Tang Dynasty positively, it is enough to have the phrase "Happy Garden Scenic Area Autumn Festival", which naturally reminds people of the extravagant carnival scene of Emperor Tang Ming in the late Tianbao period. At this time, who can see the potential crisis? Both the Qin Dynasty and the Han Dynasty have passed, leaving the ancient road and the tomb of the Han family here, facing the afterglow of the west wind. This is a relic and a real scene. This scene of "the west wind setting the sun, the tomb of the Han family" is bound to be related to the future of the Tang Dynasty. As a result, the boundaries between the past, the present and the future were abolished and mixed together, and a sense of sadness filled people's hearts. This is the result of historical reflection, and personal sorrow is replaced or just used as a foil. Yes, in this historical sorrow, what is personal sorrow?

Qin Yi' e [1]

Yan,

I dream of breaking Qin Louyue.

Qin Louyue,

The annual willow color,

Ling is injured.

Leyuan Scenic Area [3] Clear Autumn Festival,

Xianyang [4] ancient road sounds like dust.

Sound and dust,

The west wind is still brilliant,

Han family mausoleum.

Precautions:

[1] This word is sad in the first paragraph, but sad in the next paragraph. In the early Song Dynasty, Shao Tinglu called this word a work. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Huang Sheng's Selected Poems of Tang and Song Dynasties was also included in the name of Li Bai. There have been many skeptics since the Ming Dynasty. "Fairy Biography": "Shaw History, when he was a man, was good at Xiao and could attract peacocks and cranes into the palace. Female word Nong Yu, good for the public. The public then treated his wife as a woman. Nong Yu was taught to be Feng Ming in Japan. Lived for a few years, blowing like a phoenix, and the phoenix came to stop at its home. The public works like a phoenix. The couple stayed there for more than a few years and once flew with the phoenix. "

[2] Fuling: the tomb of Emperor Liu of the Han Dynasty. "Three Auxiliary Huang Tu" Volume 6: "The Fuling of Wendi is seventy miles east of Chang 'an. ..... cross the water by bridge. The Han people saw the guests off at this bridge and folded their willows to see them off. "

[3] Leyuan Scenic Area: Bali, south of Chang 'an, was called Leyuan Scenic Area in Han Dynasty and Leyuan Scenic Area in Tang Dynasty. Its terrain is very high, overlooking Chang 'an City.

[4] Xianyang: Qin Dou, hundreds of miles northwest of Chang 'an, was the main road for Beijing to join the army and do business in the northwest during the Han and Tang Dynasties.

[Ancient and modern reviews]

The word 1. Taibai has an atmosphere under the forest. The word "Qin Yi e" is therefore a boudoir show. (Shen Jifei's Poems of Caotang)

2. This word expresses a feeling of accumulation and thin hair, which is written in my heart forever. Because he was in the Qin Dynasty, he used the voice of Qin female flute as an analogy. When I started writing, I felt like I was flying in the clouds. The following are: parting feelings, breaking the willow bridge, moving guests to mourn, visiting the old pavilion to bid farewell to the ancient times, and the poem "Don't send willow green when the spring breeze is bitter" on Taibai Pavilion, and I feel the same. As far as the Qin Dynasty is concerned, Xiatan is a scenic spot of Le Garden, where you are traveling in the clear autumn, the ancient road of Xianyang, the difference between sound and dust, sadness and joy. Wandering on the ancient road, you can't see what you think, only the ruins of the Han Dynasty, the remnants left in the west wind and sunset. However, a generation of emperors ended in this way, and then the whole body was injured by old feelings and died. Two sentences set the tone for the present, such as the sound of changing the sign. (Yu Biyun's Selected Interpretation of Song Poetry in Tang and Five Dynasties)

3. Poets have long voices and short words. Pogong's "Qi's Family" and other works are all long and works. The words in the Tang Dynasty's "Remembering Qin E" say: "The west wind still shines, and the Han family is lost." The word "Qingpingle" says: "I often leave half a quilt at night, waiting for your soul to return." Short for work. (Liu Kezhuang's Complete Works of Mr. Houcun? Liu Shuan's Postscript of Autumn Feeling Eight Characters)

4. Taibai Chun wins by the weather. "Sunset in the west wind, the tomb of the Han family", a few big characters, then closed the eternal landing mouth. Only Fan Wenzheng's "Fisherman" and Xia Yinggong's "Xi Qian Ying" can be found in later generations, but the weather is not enough. (Wang Guowei's "Words on Earth")