How to correct the typos in primary school students' homework is a treasure of Chinese culture. The correct use of Chinese characters can not only better express one's feelings, but also be a symbol of one's cultural accomplishment. As a Chinese teacher in primary schools, everyone knows that literacy is the basis of reading and composition, and it is an important way to cultivate pupils' intelligence. The curriculum goal also stipulates that primary school students should know about 10 commonly used Chinese characters, of which about 10 can write correctly and at a certain speed. The research of educational experts shows that in the primary school learning stage, the occurrence of typos presents a normal distribution, that is, with the increase of grade, the literacy increases, and the typos gradually increase, reaching a peak in the middle grade, that is, the third grade, and gradually decreasing in the senior grade. The typo can be said to be a "common disease" and a "difficult disease" in Chinese learning in primary schools, which can be basically summarized as the following reasons: First, the Chinese character itself is characterized by 1 and its structure is complex. The structure of Chinese characters is very different. Xinhua Dictionary alone has collected many Chinese characters, and there are as many as 10 strokes in different structural parts. Among the common words 10 published in the previous year, each word has an average of 1 1 paintings, among which 10 words have more than 17 paintings; There is little difference in the shape of each character. More, less, longer, shorter, you become a different person, or not. Such as "Wei-Mo" and "wine-sprinkling". 2. There are many homophones. In Mandarin, there are many monosyllabic homophones. If tone is not considered, Chinese characters only have syllables, and each syllable has 100 common words with homophones on average, so there is a phenomenon that a word has multiple tones (tones) and a tone has multiple words. For example, "commemoration-calendar year" and "achievement-legacy" are all caused by the same or similar sound and meaning. Second, the psychological reasons of primary school students. 1, perception is not allowed, and discrimination is not allowed. The perception of primary school students is still relatively general, and there is no accurate ability to distinguish. For example, the word "thorn" is written as "thorn" because children's spatial perception, especially their left and right orientation perception, is not perfect, and they often write the word backwards. 2. Pay attention to instability and carelessness. Students' attention is still unstable, and they are often easily attracted by external factors unrelated to their studies, resulting in typos, but most of these typos can be found and corrected by themselves under the condition of paying attention to inspection. 3, unclear memory, specious imagination. Because of the separation of sound and shape of Chinese characters, sometimes students can read the sound, but can't remember the shape clearly, so some students make specious analogies, resulting in mistakes, such as "stupid" in the word "flat"; As a result, the word "Apple" is misspelled as "Pingguo", which often appears in disyllabic words used together. 4. The fixed influence of thinking. Stereotype, also known as psychological orientation, is the state of preparation for people's psychological activities. One of the manifestations in the process of literacy is that the font of the previous word affects the next word. For example: criticism-criticism, glasses-eyes are unexpected. This situation also appears in disyllabic words. The second performance is that the words learned first affect the words learned later. "General" was influenced by "ship" and was written as "one ship". In view of the above reasons, I have taken some countermeasures in teaching: first, I should be predictable before teaching. According to the preconceived effect, it is much more difficult to correct a student's wrong knowledge than to teach him a correct one. Therefore, we should have foresight before literacy teaching. When preparing lessons and preparing lessons, the teacher should mark the words that are easy to make mistakes in this lesson and the words in the text. According to the strategy of finding glyphs, students will be impressed from the beginning and realize where mistakes are easy to make, so they will pay special attention to writing, which can reduce the error rate. So how to strengthen the first impression? We can use vivid colors, images and metaphors to strengthen correct writing where students are prone to make mistakes, so as to prevent students from making typos. For example, when teaching the new word "roll", remembering the word "male" in the middle of "roll" is the key to mastering the word "roll". First, use familiar words to help memory, three points beside the water, "Gong" and "clothes", then write the word "Gong" with red chalk to attract students' attention and memory, and then use children to enhance memory. This not only increases the interest in literacy, but also deepens the impression of glyphs and improves the accuracy of memorization. Second, use the laws of Chinese characters to associate literacy. China's Chinese characters have a long history and are profound. We can use the word-formation characteristics, development and connotation of some Chinese characters to stimulate students' interest in learning Chinese characters. 1, compare glyphs. With the increase of literacy and the appearance of a large number of similar words, students often write some words with similar glyphs by mistake. For example, if you learn to "put" and then write "swim", you always write "put" on the right; Learn "East" first, then write "Practice", and always write "East" on the right. This is because the relatively solid old knowledge interferes with the insufficiently consolidated new knowledge. In view of this situation, at the beginning of literacy teaching, we should emphasize the differences of glyphs, observe more, compare more and compare more. When comparing, we should not only pay attention to the subtle differences, but also consider their mutual interference. In order to prevent the negative impact of interference, don't put the right and wrong of this word together when comparing, which will easily confuse students when remembering. 2. Understand the meaning of words. Some words are often misused by students because they don't understand their meaning. This is the case when homophones are replaced with each other. Such as being, being, looking, forgetting, curtain and dusk. To master these words, students must understand their meanings. If students know that "Twilight" is evening, "Twilight" is a dark sky in the evening. The "curtain" of "night" is a tent covered on it. At night, the scenery seems to be covered by curtains, so it is called "night" so that students won't use the wrong words. 3. Combination of form and meaning. According to the structural characteristics of fonts, teachers create a language environment, flexibly and effectively establish the soundness of sounds, meanings and glyphs, so that students can accurately remember Chinese characters and use them correctly. For example, many students can't distinguish between "heart" and "xing", so I made up a formula: "Work hard and be happy" to help them distinguish. According to the difference between "Xin" and "Xing", this formula uses "a little" and "ten" to guide students to grasp the characteristics of glyphs, and also uses "bitterness" and "joy" to express meaning, and sentences also communicate form and meaning. After reading it, the students were deeply impressed. They not only mastered the font accurately, but also learned the truth of being a man. Third, use formulas and words to help remember difficult words and confusing words. Formulas, children's crossword puzzles are humorous, simple and easy to remember, which conforms to students' curiosity and is suitable for some stubborn typos. If the students confuse "no" with "end", they can make it up according to the meaning of the word: "The future is far away, with a short top and a long bottom, and it is over, with a long top and a short bottom." When learning the word "cabinet", you can make up a crossword puzzle according to the parts: "What a big tree" (or "towering tree"). When learning the new word "Yu", use the formula "With clothes and food, life will be rich." Students are interested in this literacy method, learn quickly and remember well. "Bi" and "Aunt Wang and Aunt Bai sit side by side on the stone" and so on. Fourth, establish a "typo". In the process of learning Chinese characters, primary school students' perception is not fine enough, their attention is easily distracted, and their thinking habits are different, so their mistakes in learning are not exactly the same. Therefore, it is necessary for students to develop the good habit of checking their own corrections from an early age, so as to encourage students to find problems and correct them in time. I ask all the students to establish a "typo", that is, to collect and record the words that are easy to be misspelled in a special booklet, write down what is wrong with their misspelled and misused words, and then correct, group and explain them after finding out the reasons. For example, read "hàn" in drought, "mo" in the morning, "dry" in drought and "ten" in the morning. Drought, drought, land water shortage. Morning, morning, when the sun comes out. In addition, the recorded words are regularly trained in error correction, and students are required to test and evaluate each other, and each student only tests the words that he has missed. This has two advantages: first, students think deeply and comprehensively, seek common ground while reserving differences in sound, form and meaning, follow the logic of Chinese characters, and become more cultured. Second, it is highly targeted and convenient for students to correct themselves. It highlights the role of students as cognitive subjects. Over time, students' critical thinking and good study habits are cultivated, and the repetition rate of typos will be greatly reduced. Fifth, cultivate the habit of looking up the dictionary. As students grow older and read more, unfamiliar words and uncertain words often appear. If students encounter this situation, they can take out the dictionary in time, which will help students increase their literacy and improve their reading ability. On the contrary, it will affect students' literacy and reading hobbies. Therefore, it is very important for primary school literacy teaching and reading teaching to let students bring a dictionary at any time. In addition, when students encounter two confusing words, they often have an illusion, which will directly give students an illusion once it becomes their behavioral memory. When they meet for the second time, they will have a conditioned reflex to their previous choices. Therefore, when you meet two confusing words for the first time, you must let the students make the right choice. Looking up the dictionary is a very effective method. Always consult the dictionary to develop a rigorous style of study, and you can also avoid writing typos. When you encounter uncertain words, look them up in the dictionary. As long as teachers ask questions, train and check frequently and persevere, students' good habit of looking up dictionaries will gradually develop, and the correct rate of Chinese character writing will continue to improve. Sixth, practical experience, turn passivity into initiative. Praise is like sunshine, criticism is like a sword. Don't make students feel inferior because of too many typos. Instead of this, it is better to turn positive elimination into indirect solution. You can use various games or competitions to carry out activities in the class, so that students can strengthen themselves voluntarily, such as looking for typos in the streets, finding typos among students, showing typos on the blackboard and correcting each other's compositions. , and select "Who is the king of error correction". You can also praise and reward students who don't write typos by example, so as to correct the typo phenomenon of primary school students. In short, teaching students effective literacy methods and cultivating good writing habits will help students reduce typos.