Faced with the sudden disaster of "5. 12" Wenchuan M8.0 earthquake, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences organized experts to scientifically analyze the mechanical background of seismogenesis, and immediately went to the epicenter area to carry out the investigation of surface rupture deformation and seismic geological disasters. Subsequently, more than 80 scientists from the headquarters of the Institute, the Institute of Geology, the Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, and the Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration were organized to systematically carry out the work of earthquake scientific drilling site selection, observation of active faults and seismic deformation, in-situ stress measurement, ground investigation of geological disasters, and comprehensive evaluation of dammed lakes and hydraulic rings. Six experts participated in the National Wenchuan Earthquake Expert Committee, edited and published the Atlas of Earthquake Geological Disasters in Wenchuan Earthquake-stricken Areas, organized a seminar on Wenchuan earthquake dynamics analysis, and two experts participated in the work of the Front Command of Earthquake Relief of the Ministry of Land and Resources. During the 33rd International Geological Congress, a large-scale exhibition of Wenchuan earthquake was organized, and academic reports on Wenchuan earthquake, seismic scientific drilling and surface rupture were made on invitation, which attracted great attention of international colleagues. Organize to declare the scientific drilling project of Wenchuan earthquake fault zone, and the first seismic scientific drilling started in June, 2008165438+1October; Organize the implementation of national special projects, "973" projects, geological survey projects and other scientific research tasks, and effectively adjust the discipline structure and talent layout of geological disasters.
In 2008, Academician Xu Zhiqin gave a report on Wenchuan Earthquake and Scientific Drilling Background, and researchers Dong Shuwen and Wu Zhenhan gave a report on the Rapid Response of Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences to Wenchuan Earthquake. The jury selected "Rapid Response and Investigation of Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences after the 5. 12 Wenchuan Earthquake" as the special project of scientific and technological progress of Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences in 2008.
The leaders of the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences saw off the first expedition to the earthquake zone.
Organize the mechanical background analysis of seismogenesis and the investigation of seismic geological disasters at the first time.
After the "5. 12" Wenchuan earthquake, experts from the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences made a scientific analysis of the mechanical background of the earthquake with a high sense of responsibility. On May 14, researchers such as Dong Shuwen and Zhang Yueqiao scientifically analyzed the dynamic background of the Wenchuan earthquake. Researcher Peng Hua reported the abnormal ground stress data before the Wenchuan earthquake and reported it to the Ministry of Land and Resources through the Wenchuan Earthquake Bulletin of China Geological Survey (2, 3). From May 6 to May 38, 2008, Xu Zhiqin and Dong Shuwen attended the Chamber of Commerce of Wenchuan Earthquake Mechanism Association of China Geological Survey, and discussed the background and mechanism of the earthquake. On May 18, 2008, Xinhua News Agency released a scientific report on the seismogenic tectonic background, the nature of earthquake rupture and the long-term activities of aftershocks, which was reprinted by domestic media.
From May/KLOC-0 to June-24, 2008, our institute organized an investigation team of earthquake geological disasters of Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, which was led by the vice president and composed of 9 experts, including,, Zhang Yongshuang, Chen, Yang Nong, Lei, Dr. Shi Jusong and Dr. Shi. At the risk of our lives, we went deep into Beichuan County, Yingxiu Town, Chenjiaba County, Qingchuan County, Guanzhuang Town and Hong Guang, the hardest hit areas of the earthquake. The first paper on the surface rupture of Wenchuan earthquake was completed on June 6th, and published in the Journal of Geology (English version) in July.
The investigation team of the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences submitted many valuable investigation reports to the Earthquake Relief Headquarters of the Ministry of Land and Resources, provided timely and effective earthquake scientific knowledge and earthquake relief suggestions to the local government and the masses, and actively assisted the earthquake relief headquarters of counties and cities to carry out earthquake geological disaster investigation and emergency investigation. On May 2 1 day, researchers Dong Shuwen, Zhang Yueqiao and Wu Zhenhan were interviewed by Sichuan People's Broadcasting Station, Guangyuan TV Station and Guangyuan Radio Station to scientifically interpret the causes of the earthquake and dispel people's panic and anxiety.
Experts from the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences rushed to the epicenter area to carry out on-the-spot investigation of seismic geological disasters.
A— Measure the surface rupture deformation of Renjiaping in the southern suburb of Beichuan County; B— Observe the dammed lake in the east estuary of northwest Guanzhuang; C- Accept joint interviews with local TV stations and radio stations to popularize earthquake science knowledge.
Participate in the earthquake relief work of the National Wenchuan Earthquake Expert Committee and the Ministry of Land and Resources.
On May 2 1 day, six experts from Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences were elected as members of the National Wenchuan Earthquake Expert Committee, with Academician Xu Zhiqin as the deputy director, and Academician Zhao, researcher Liao Chunting, researcher Wu Shuren as members of the Expert Committee. On May 28th, the first seminar on Wenchuan earthquake dynamics analysis was held, and the earthquake mechanism, earthquake prediction and related scientific issues were discussed in depth. On June 20th, Xu Zhiqin and Dong Shuwen edited and published the Atlas of Earthquake Geological Disasters in Wenchuan Earthquake-stricken Area, which provided important reference materials for earthquake relief and post-disaster reconstruction. Academician Zhao analyzed the geological and geophysical data of major earthquakes in China, and put forward constructive suggestions on earthquake work and earthquake prediction. On September 4th, member Dong Shuwen, as a representative of the Ministry of Land and Resources, attended the "Wenchuan Earthquake Press Conference of Wenchuan Earthquake Expert Committee" hosted by the State Council Press Office, and introduced the loss and prevention of earthquake-geological disasters. From May 24th to June 24th, President Han and researcher of Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences entered the front headquarters of the Ministry of Land and Resources for earthquake relief, and under the direct leadership of Vice Minister Wang Min, the chief commander, coordinated the emergency investigation of earthquake and geological disasters, and went deep into the hardest hit areas of Wenchuan earthquake to investigate geological disasters, making positive contributions to the earthquake relief work.
On June1~ 25th, with the support of the Department of Science, Technology and International Cooperation of the Ministry of Land and Resources, the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences organized a comprehensive survey of the Wenchuan earthquake, with Academician Xu Zhiqin as the team leader and Director Long Changxing and Deputy Director Hu Ping as the deputy team leaders. They were divided into five groups: emergency site selection, in-situ stress monitoring, active fault and site stability investigation, scientific drilling site selection and geophysical and geochemical exploration monitoring, and carried out field investigation and observation respectively, and obtained valuable multidisciplinary comprehensive observation data. From May 23rd to June 5th, the Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology of the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences was appointed by the Ministry of Land and Resources, and organized an expert team of more than 10 led by Deputy Director Zhang Fawang to go to the Wenchuan earthquake-stricken area, successfully completed the investigation and evaluation task of 10 dammed lake, and submitted six technical reports, which were fully affirmed by the earthquake relief headquarters of the Ministry of Water Resources and the officers and men of armed police hydropower, providing an important basis for the design and construction of dammed lake monitoring project. In late June, the Institute of Geomechanics organized experts to go to the epicenter of the Wenchuan earthquake and established a natural earthquake observation station, which provided important geophysical observation data for accurate aftershock location and deep earthquake structure analysis. According to the arrangement of the Ministry of Land and Resources and China Geological Survey, the Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology organized experts to go to Longnan City and Wenxian County, Gansu Province, to comprehensively evaluate the geological safety and water and soil resources security of post-disaster reconstruction planning, so as to provide scientific basis for macro-decision-making of post-disaster reconstruction.
The Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences organized experts to actively participate in the investigation of Wenchuan earthquake geological disasters.
On September 4th, Dong Shuwen, member of the National Wenchuan Earthquake Expert Committee, attended the press conference of Wenchuan Earthquake to introduce the loss and prevention of geological disasters. Long Changxing, director of the Institute of Geomechanics, led the backbone members of active faults and site stability investigation to the earthquake-stricken areas; C— Technical personnel of the Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration conducted a field survey of geochemical exploration in China in the earthquake-stricken area; D —— Zhang Fawang, deputy director of the Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, and the water conservancy experts of the Armed Police discuss the hidden dangers of the dammed lake and the treatment plan; E— Experts from the site selection group of seismic scientific drilling in the Institute of Geology measure seismic deformation and coseismic displacement on site; F —— He Changhong, Deputy Secretary of the Institute of Geomechanics, led experts to understand the earthquake disaster situation in the epicenter area and select natural earthquake observation points.
Organize and implement the scientific drilling project of Wenchuan earthquake fault zone.
Under the guidance of the Wenchuan Earthquake Expert Committee and the Ministry of Land and Resources, and under the direct leadership of the China Geological Survey, Academician Xu Zhiqin of the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences led relevant experts to plan and organize the declaration of the "Wenchuan Earthquake Fault Zone Scientific Drilling Project", which received timely and important instructions from Premier Wen Jiabao and other leaders. In June, 2008, the first seismic scientific drilling began, becoming the fastest seismic scientific drilling project in the world. The Wenchuan Earthquake Science Drilling Project will adopt advanced drilling technology to directly sample the source areas of Wenchuan earthquake and recurrent microseisms, and carry out multidisciplinary observation, test analysis and comprehensive research on geological structure, seismogeology, rock mechanics, chemical physics, seismic physics, rheology, etc., so as to reveal the physical process and chemical effect of controlling faults and earthquakes, provide basic data and important information for earthquake monitoring, prediction or early warning, and promote the development of earthquake science.
Wenchuan Earthquake Science Drilling Project 1 Drilling Ceremony
Minister Xu awarded the medals to Deputy Director Wang and Academician, Chief Scientist of Wenchuan Earthquake Fault Zone Scientific Drilling Engineering Center.
Organize large-scale exhibitions and special reports of Wenchuan earthquake in the 33rd International Geological Congress.
In August, 2008, the geological delegation of China participated in the 33rd International Geological Congress held in Oslo, Norway, and was specially invited by the organizing committee to give an academic report on Wenchuan Earthquake, and held a large-scale exhibition on Wenchuan Earthquake with an exhibition area of 18m×3m (Figure 3). Researcher Dong Shuwen gave a report entitled "Wenchuan Earthquake Disaster and the Response of Geological Scientists in China" at the daily theme meeting of "Geological Disasters". Academician Xu Zhiqin gave an academic report on Wenchuan Earthquake Scientific Drilling at the special meeting, and researcher Zhang Yueqiao gave a report on the academic problems of Wenchuan earthquake rupture and deformation at the international symposium on lithosphere research, which attracted great attention from representatives of various countries.
Professor Dong Shuwen, Vice-President, gave an academic report on Wenchuan Earthquake in the "Daily Topics" on Geological Disasters.
The 33rd International Geological Congress Wenchuan Earthquake Large-scale Exhibition
The Institute of Geomechanics went all out to provide earthquake relief.
The "5. 12" Wenchuan earthquake shocked both China and the world. At the critical moment when the motherland was facing a great disaster, the Institute of Geomechanics did not wait and see, nor did it retreat. Immediately organize relevant experts to unconditionally participate in earthquake relief operations, and carry out focal mechanism analysis, earthquake migration analysis and disaster analysis overnight. Under the organization and leadership of the old director and vice president Dong Shuwen, an investigation team was formed urgently, and went to the disaster area at the first time, risking their lives to investigate active faults and geological disasters, collecting and mastering valuable first-hand scientific information, giving full play to their professional advantages and providing scientific and technological support for earthquake relief. Subsequently, several expert groups were sent to the disaster area to carry out related work; At the same time, a number of experts and graduate students were organized to form an expert group. Under the unified deployment of the bureau, remote sensing interpretation of geological disasters and evaluation of environmental carrying capacity were urgently carried out. They stick to their posts day and night.
There are 62 people directly involved in the front-line work of earthquake relief in the Institute of Geomechanics, including 35 people who went to the front line of the earthquake zone and 27 people who stuck to the rear. Three experts joined the Wenchuan Earthquake Expert Committee in the State Council, and seven experts joined the expert group of the Ministry of Science and Technology to provide scientific and technological support for the national earthquake relief work. In the whole earthquake relief operation, the selfless and fearless spirit, strong actions and fruitful work of the cadres and workers of the Institute of Geomechanics have been affirmed and recognized by leaders and colleagues at all levels, and have been commended in various ways. Geomechanics Professional Committee was awarded the title of "Advanced Collective in Earthquake Relief" by China Association for Science and Technology, and was awarded the honorary title of Advanced Individual in Earthquake Relief by Yang Nong and Lei.
Experts from the Institute of Geomechanics conducted a field survey of earthquake deformation and geological disasters in the earthquake-stricken areas.
Variation curve of crustal stress and strain observed by geostress observation station on May 12.
Variation curve of crustal stress and strain
Epicenter distribution map of aftershocks observed by natural seismic network of Institute of Geomechanics.
Experts from Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology went to Sichuan disaster area to investigate the danger of dammed lake.
In 2008, experts from the Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology went to Sichuan disaster area to investigate the danger of dammed lake. From May 23rd to June 2nd, 2008, appointed by China Geological Survey, the Party Committee and leaders of the Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology sent 10 comrades to work in the water ring.
After the earthquake, the disaster area was devastated, and the places where the dammed lake appeared were all in the deep mountains near the earthquake-causing fault, which was the most serious earthquake disaster. The landslide and collapse of roads are very serious. In some areas, the mountains are loose and the terrain is steep, which is in danger of further collapse at any time.
Faced with such a difficult and dangerous situation, the members of the investigation team continued to fight regardless of fatigue and set out as long as the weather allowed. The roads in the mountains are often blocked by boulders, so the investigation team can only move forward. Along the way, the valley is narrow, the mountains on both sides are steep, and the rock mass in many sections is loose and crumbling, and it is possible to roll down at any time. In the event of an aftershock, the consequences will be unimaginable. On the afternoon of May 25th, the largest aftershock occurred in Qingchuan County, Sichuan Province, with a magnitude of 6.4. At this time, the investigation team just came out of the mountain for less than 2 hours.
Under such conditions, the investigation team successfully completed the investigation task through a week's efforts and the cooperation of the Ministry of Water Resources, and submitted the investigation reports of seven dammed lakes, which were fully affirmed by the Mianyang dammed lake frontier headquarters of the earthquake relief headquarters of the Ministry of Water Resources, and the suggestions put forward have been adopted and used in the design and construction of dammed lakes.
Annual report of Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences. 2008
Experts from the Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology investigated and evaluated the dammed lake in the earthquake-stricken area.
The Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration has actively invested in earthquake relief and investigation.
After the "512" Wenchuan M8 earthquake, under the unified deployment of the Ministry of Land and Resources and China Geological Survey, the General Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration actively participated in the earthquake relief work with a high sense of responsibility and mission.
In late May, the Ministry of Land and Resources sent personnel to form the frontline headquarters for earthquake relief. Director Han was appointed by Vice Minister Wang Min as the director of the front-line headquarters office. In addition to the daily work in the office, he is also responsible for the logistics of the headquarters. Under the leadership of Director Han, the front-line headquarters office operates efficiently, which provides strong support for the leaders of the Ministry to make decisions and guide their subordinate units to carry out their work in the disaster area in an orderly manner.
Vice Minister Wang Min, Director Han and scientific researchers discussed the disaster relief work at the Sichuan Frontline Command.
Geophysical investigation team is selected to work on site.
The geophysical survey team is laying survey lines.
At the beginning of June, the Ministry of Land and Resources sent two groups of experts to the disaster area to participate in the earthquake relief work. Under the unified command of Deputy Director Hu Ping personally, two expert groups and a team of 12 people, carrying seven sets of geophysical and geochemical exploration equipment, four off-road vehicles and other related equipment, actively participated in the work of "Wenchuan earthquake active fault investigation and stability evaluation of reconstruction sites in disaster areas" in two groups. The first group, geophysical and geochemical monitoring group, mainly monitors natural electromagnetic field, geomagnetic field and geogas, which provides important data for aftershock activity trend analysis and active fault investigation. The second group, geophysical survey group for emergency site selection, mainly carries out EH4 electromagnetic sounding and high-density resistivity measurement, which provides an important basis for finding out the buried depth and structural development of bedrock in Gu Lei Basin and for site selection for post-disaster reconstruction.
In addition, during this period, the Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration sent two comrades to the disaster area to participate in the acceptance of donated instruments for earthquake relief and the writing work of the Land and Resources Writers Association; Another three comrades are stationed in Beijing to participate in the protection and publicity of the earthquake relief work of the Ministry.
National Geological Testing Center participates in scientific drilling of Wenchuan earthquake fault zone (WFSD) —— Study on the relationship between underground fluid anomalies and earthquake precursors.
At present, the WFSD oilfield fluid laboratory has been built, and real-time fluid monitoring is carried out by using on-line degasser and mass spectrometer. The main components are helium, methane, carbon dioxide, argon, H2, oxygen, N2 and radon. The fluid geochemical profile is being established while drilling, and the relationship between fluid changes and earthquake precursors is being studied.
WFSD Oilfield Fluid Laboratory
WFSD on-site online degassing device