Ideological and moral course is a comprehensive course that lays the foundation for the healthy development of junior middle school students' ideological and moral character. It organically integrates the contents of moral, mental health, law and national conditions education, takes materials and scenarios as the carrier, and examines the students' ability and moral realization required by the ideological and moral discipline through the application of the main knowledge of the subject. In this way, students' ability to analyze and solve problems is particularly important in open-book exams. As a thinking teacher, how to cultivate students' ability and enhance the effectiveness of review is a problem we discuss together. Through several years of teaching accumulation, I also have some experience and encouragement from my colleagues.

First of all, master the basic knowledge and the tools to analyze and solve problems.

Basic knowledge is the carrier of test questions, the ability of students, an important tool for thinking and understanding problems, and the basic basis for analyzing and solving problems. Without the mastery of basic knowledge, analyzing problems will become passive water, and the answer can only stay on the surface, not in-depth analysis. Therefore, we must pay attention to the training and mastery of basic knowledge when reviewing. The review of the knowledge of test sites should be summarized and integrated, so that the fragmentary knowledge can be organized, the fragmentary knowledge can be networked and the basic knowledge can be serialized. It is necessary not only to master the knowledge of test sites in an all-round way, but also to master the knowledge learned from the internal relationship between knowledge, so as to realize the' transfer' of knowledge when solving problems.

How to master the basic knowledge? First of all, we should do a good job in the usual teaching and strictly demand every student in the classroom.

For example, (1) requires students to take notes in relevant places of the textbook; (2) After each class, write the questions involved in this lesson in the title of this lesson, so that students can master the overall structure. Secondly, give students more time to read books, guide them to read books and ask them to do more homework. Through outlining, the basic knowledge is organized, networked and serialized. In this way, in the exam, you can not only leave yourself enough time to think, but also broaden your thinking, combine knowledge in a larger thinking space, and really improve your problem-solving ability. Focus on open questions, and vigorously improve students' ability to analyze and solve problems.

In recent years, the most open question in the senior high school entrance examination is material analysis. There are many forms of material analysis questions, such as words, cartoons, charts and so on. These have largely become the "finale" of the test paper. It has the characteristics of rich materials, diverse questions, open answers, comprehensive knowledge and close connection with practice. It is difficult to get high marks in solving such problems, but it is also the best embodiment of students' ability to analyze and solve problems.

Although it is difficult to do this kind of problem, there are rules to follow. We can summarize the general ideas and steps of answering open-ended questions. (1) Grasp the key to understanding the problem. This is the basis of successful problem solving. Read and observe the materials carefully, grasp the key words and sentences, and accurately grasp whether the questions to be answered belong to "what", "why" or "how to do it". (2) Return to textbooks to find opinions. This is the key to solving the problem successfully. Contact the teaching materials with the questions reflected in the test questions as the center, and find the "combination point" between the teaching materials and the teaching materials, so as not to be tense. (3) Divergent thinking wants to be comprehensive. This is the key to solving the problem successfully. Answering a question may involve knowledge points in different chapters of the textbook, and may also design relevant current political knowledge. We should make a comprehensive analysis and not stick to one aspect. (4) Make a detailed inspection reasonably. This is an important part of solving the problem successfully. When organizing answers, you should have a comprehensive view, clear levels and neat handwriting to avoid simple plagiarism. After answering the question, be sure to check whether the answer is consistent with the question and try to reduce mistakes. In the usual teaching, students are purposefully trained to use the above methods to analyze and solve problems. For example, when talking about material analysis: (1) Let students read the material aloud to understand the meaning of the question; (2) Find the keywords and sentences in the materials and the keywords and sentences in the questions; (3) How to discuss the knowledge points involved in the textbook; (4) organically combine materials, questions, knowledge and other organizational answers to continuously improve students' ability to analyze and solve problems.

Of course, improving students' ability to analyze and solve problems cannot be achieved overnight, which requires the change of teachers' and students' concepts, and more importantly, it needs to constantly accumulate experience and explore and innovate. I believe that with the cooperation and discussion of colleagues, students will certainly improve their ability to analyze and solve problems and easily cope with open-book exams.

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