19 10 At the beginning of this year, Morgan and his assistant set up a laboratory in Columbia University, specializing in fruit flies. Prior to this, Austrian geneticist Mendel published "Plant Hybridization Experiment" in 1865 based on the results of pea hybridization experiment, put forward the concept of genetic unit (i.e. gene) and expounded his genetic law. But what he said about the relationship between genes and chromosomes is purely speculation, and no one can see genes. Now, Morgan and his colleagues have found a way to test this inference.

19 1 1 year, an assistant of Morgan drew the genetic map of sex-linked genes in Drosophila for the first time. Under the auspices of Morgan, the positions of other genes were later determined, which proved that the genes were arranged in a straight line. In this way, Morgan successfully established the gene theory.

In the Drosophila Laboratory of Columbia University, Morgan is an elder trusted and respected by his assistants. He led the laboratory very democratically, so that everyone's intelligence could be brought into full play. Whenever someone puts forward a new idea, Morgan lets everyone discuss it freely, so that it is difficult to determine which idea was first put forward by who. He is both our teacher and our friend. When the research funds were insufficient, Morgan did not hesitate to pay the assistant's salary.

1924, Morgan left Columbia University and went to California Institute of Technology to set up a biology major. Under his auspices, four years later, he founded the Laboratory of Biological Sciences, which was the only scientific center in the world to study genetics at that time and achieved great success.

1927~ 193 1 year, Morgan was gloriously appointed as the president of the American Academy of Sciences. 1932, the 6th International Congress of Genetics was held in new york, presided over by Morgan. In fact, this conference later became a seminar on Morgan's academic achievements. The following year, he won the Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine. But Morgan, who has always been modest, shared the bonus with his assistants and asked them to pay for their children's schooling. Because he always thought that all his achievements could not be separated from the support and help of his assistant.

In addition to genetic theory, Morgan left us one of his experimental methods, that is, quantitative analysis. He was the first person who applied this method to solve biological problems, and he also made genetics develop rapidly, thus laying the foundation for genetic engineering, a modern emerging discipline.