(Guangxi Beihai Institute of Hydrological Engineering and Mineral Geology, Beihai 536000)
Abstract: The geological environment resources in Guangxi coastal zone are rich and diverse, which have three attributes: natural attribute, functional attribute and disaster attribute. Through the analysis of these attributes, this paper tries to find the essence and combination of environmental investigation and planning management to serve the sustainable development of coastal economy.
Keywords: coastal zone; Geological environment resources; Attribute; junction point
Guangxi coastal zone has always attracted people with its rich natural environmental resources. Human engineering activities have had a serious impact on the natural environment, and environmental geological problems have emerged constantly. In order to ensure the sustainable development of the coastal zone, protection and comprehensive management must be carried out on the basis of comprehensive coastal zone research based on geoscience [1]. Therefore, it is particularly important to analyze and understand the natural attributes, functional attributes and disaster attributes of coastal geological environment resources, find out the * * * and combination points of environmental investigation and planning management, and provide information and basis for comprehensive planning and management of coastal areas.
1 background of geological environment resources in Guangxi coastal zone
Guangxi coastal zone is located in the south of China, bordering Beibu Gulf in the south. The coastal land area is about 13000km2, the total length of the mainland coastline is 1435km, the beach area is about 976km2, and the shallow sea area along the 0-20m isobath is 6488km2. It is characterized by winding coastline, numerous harbors, widely distributed beaches and rich and complex resources. In addition to land resources, important geological environment resources mainly include harbor resources, tourism geological resources, oil and gas and mineral resources.
Relying on rich environmental resources, coastal areas have planned and developed scenic tourist areas, mines, ports and docks, aquaculture areas, etc. It not only brings good benefits to the local national economy and social development, but also produces environmental geological problems that cannot be ignored. Taking the southern coastal beach of Beihai City as an example, the total length of coastline is about 23km, the width of intertidal zone is generally 300 ~ 1600 m, and the natural slope is about 1 ‰ ~ 2 ‰. Medium-fine quartz sand is distributed, the sand is white and soft, and the natural whiteness reaches 80%.
The content of silicon dioxide is above 99%, forming an excellent environment of "beach, sea water and sunshine". The present situation of its development and utilization mainly includes:
(1) 1986 Beihai Municipal People's Government named it "Beihai Silver Beach" to develop tourism in the central area (Baihutou fishing village area). From 65438 to 0989, the State Council designated Beihai Yintan as a national tourist resort, and Beihai and Beihai Yintan gradually became famous at home and abroad.
(2) In the early 1980s, a fishing port was built in Qiaogang Town in the middle of 20th century, and an international passenger terminal was added in the middle of 1990s.
(3) In the western section, engineering facilities such as seawall of oil pipeline of water oil depot and breakwater of Nanwan fishing port have been built successively.
(4) In recent years, a large number of high-level shrimp ponds have been built on beaches and coastal land. Wait a minute.
The environmental problems are as follows: the beach in the central area of Beihai Yintan is narrowed and the sand body is black; In the western section, the sand body moves to form a new sand dike; Engineering facilities on the beach have pedestal corrosion, etc. Generally speaking, the landscape value of the beach has decreased.
The direct causes of these problems are the tidal current changes caused by the construction of buildings on the beach and the changes in beach appearance and pollution sources caused by mariculture. That is, it is caused by loading unreasonable functions (facilities).
However, the current planning still does not pay due attention to these issues:
For example, in the planning and design of Beihai Yintan Tourist Area (200 1 ~ 2020) formed on the basis of international bidding, existing engineering facilities such as oil pipeline seawalls and breakwaters are still retained; The recent "Marine Function Planning of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region" (People's Government of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, February 2005) also planned marine aquaculture, tourism, ports and other functional areas (points) in the coastal zone of "Beihai Yintan". This means that the root causes that adversely affect the natural landscape of the developed Yintan tourist area will exist for a long time.
Ordinary people's blind development is excusable, but the regrettable plan of special planning has to make people think deeply: why; How to predict the friendliness and coordination of these functional planning and implementation to environmental resources; How to comprehensively control many problems that have appeared or are potential in the coastal zone to ensure the coordinated development of the coastal zone? The author thinks that it is an important premise and foundation to fully understand the attributes of coastal geological environment resources.
2 Geological environment resource attribute analysis
2. Basic meaning of1attribute
A comprehensive analysis of the characteristics of geological environment resources in Guangxi coastal zone and the problems encountered in planning, management, development and utilization can be summarized into three attributes: natural attribute, functional attribute and catastrophic attribute. Its meaning is summarized as follows:
2. 1. 1 natural attributes
Refers to the potential inherent nature of environmental resources that meet certain geological and geomorphological conditions, emphasizing the objectivity of resources, which can also be called objective attributes.
(1) In terms of species, there are diversity and multiplicity.
On the whole, the geological environment resources are diverse, that is, the types are rich and diverse; For a single unit, geological environment resources are multiple, that is, an environmental resource belongs to many types of geological environment resources, such as beaches, which are both tourist geological resources and quartz sand mineral resources.
(2) In terms of temporal and spatial distribution, it is overlapping, revealing and stable.
Overlap: refers to two or more environmental resources distributed in the same geological and geomorphological unit space. For example, most bays are not only harbor resources, but also beaches and islands, which belong to tourism geological resources or mineral resources.
Disclosure: It can be divided into exposure and concealment. Most of the geological and environmental resources in Guangxi coastal zone are distributed on the surface, with good exposure. Except gypsum, the main minerals are suitable for open-pit mining.
Stability: the nature of whether geological resources (bodies) are stable under natural conditions in a certain time and space. It can be divided into stable, metastable and unstable.
2. 1.2 functional attributes
It refers to the nature that an objective geological environment resource shows or may show after being endowed with certain functions through planning, practice and other activities. Include suitability, stability and reproducibility.
(1) suitability: refers to whether environmental resources are suitable for the planned function or development requirements, including multiple suitability, single suitability and unsuitability.
(2) Stability: refers to the ability of time and space stability in quantity and quality when human engineering activities are carried out and geological environment resources are directly or indirectly affected. Can be divided into stable, unstable and lost.
(3) Reproducibility: Whether the resources can be restored and regenerated naturally after use. Include renewable and non-renewable.
These functional attributes emphasize man-made, and correspond to the nature that environmental resources show or may show when human intervention (planning, development and utilization, etc.). ). When given different functions, its performance is different, such as the beach, which should be stable as a tourist resource in terms of stability, but obviously unstable as a quartz sand mine and will be lost.
2. 1.3 Catastrophe attribute
Refers to the nature of environmental resources in environmental geological problems (disasters) when human engineering activities have an impact on environmental resources. Including sensitivity, vulnerability, persistence and self-renaturation.
(1) Sensitivity: refers to the response speed to disasters (problems) and the required degree of influence when the geological environment is affected by human engineering activities, that is, the difficulty of disasters. Divided into sensitive and insensitive.
(2) Vulnerability: refers to the difficulty, size and severity of disasters reflected in geological environment resources. What distinguishes it from sensitivity lies in the severity of the disaster. Divided into fragile and unbreakable.
(3) Persistence: refers to the duration of the continuous impact on the geological environment and resources after the disaster, which can be divided into persistence and temporality. Temporary is often recoverable, so persistence can be understood as recoverability.
(4) Self-renaturation: For recoverability, if it can recover itself under natural conditions after a disaster, it is called self-renaturation; if it needs artificial recovery, it is called non-self-renaturation or isomerism.
In addition, when environmental resources are cataclysmic, it has regional and local characteristics on the spatial scale.
2.2 Attribute relationship
(1) Functional attributes have certain dependence and causality on natural attributes. For example, the suitability of functions is based on the multiplicity of natural resources.
(2) Natural attributes exist objectively and are inherent; Functional attributes are artificially influenced, which can be given and stimulated, and can also be restricted and deprived, that is, functional attributes are also variable.
(3) For several attributes of mutation, natural attribute is the internal cause and foundation, functional attribute is the external cause and inducing condition, and mutation attribute is the comprehensive embodiment of natural attribute and functional attribute.
3 attribute analysis and its role and significance
The above attribute relationship indicates whether the utilization of environmental resources is reasonable, and the functional attributes are controllable due to human influence. This provides a prerequisite for the comprehensive management of coastal zone, and also illustrates the necessity of attribute analysis.
Attribute analysis is a special work that comprehensively analyzes the planning and development schemes or projects related to geological environment resources from the perspective of attributes, and puts forward evaluation opinions and suggestions. Because this work is closely based on geoscience, attribute analysis is mainly the responsibility of geological environment workers (can be called investigators).
For the development and protection of geological environment resources, planning managers, developers and investigators not only have different responsibilities, but also have different depth and angle of attribute analysis, which is reflected in different paths and directions of analysis. Planning, management, development and utilization are often based on the needs of social and economic development and combined with the basic characteristics of resources, that is, the working path embodied by the attribute relationship is generally "natural attribute-functional attribute". Geological environmental workers should analyze the possible results of disasters according to social needs and resource conditions, and put forward relevant countermeasures and suggestions. The working path embodied in attribute relationship analysis is generally "functional attribute-natural attribute-catastrophic attribute-functional attribute". As shown in figure 1.
Figure 1 Schematic Diagram of Attribute Analysis
The main functions and significance of attribute analysis are:
(1) provides ideas and directions for the investigation and evaluation of coastal geological environment. Before or during the investigation, we should have the concept of attribute in order to obtain the necessary content and information, and put the attribute "tag" on the investigated object.
(2) Provide the truest and most objective information and basis for comprehensive management. According to figure 1, the combination of planning managers (developers) and investigators in environmental resources mainly lies in functional links. The author believes that the "label" of functional attributes is the most important * * * and combination point between geological survey and social (environmental) managers. Planning managers pay attention to the functions of environmental resources when planning and utilizing them, but they are often subjective. Attribute analysis can improve the consistency with objectivity. That is, after the investigator gives the "mark", planners and managers can better comprehensively analyze and use the survey results to coordinate planning and development with the environment.
(3) According to attribute analysis, some principles can be controlled in planning management. For example, in the planning of multiple suitable areas, we must ensure the play of leading functions; It is necessary to demonstrate in places where disasters are sensitive and fragile and take countermeasures; It is particularly important to give priority to the principle of maintaining the long-term existence of non-renewable resources and preventing their losses. For example, in the early 1980s, a detailed survey of quartz sand mines was conducted in the south bank of Beihai City. If it is really mined as a mineral resource, then today's "Beihai Silver Beach" may not exist.
(4) The three attributes all have the concepts of time and space, which reminds us that our work should be forward-looking, keep pace with the times, and constantly revise existing understandings and plans.
4 conclusion
The nature analysis of geological environment resources is essentially the evaluation of resource planning and development scheme, and the core emphasizes that the development of subjective functions should be coordinated with the objective natural environment to prevent and mitigate the impact of disasters. Attribute analysis not only needs to establish a set of corresponding technical methods, but also needs to form a certain working mechanism (similar to the risk assessment of geological disasters in construction land), which is a project worthy of attention.
Taking geological environment resources as an example, this paper makes a preliminary analysis, trying to find reasonable and effective analysis means and methods for comprehensive management of coastal zone. Due to the limitation of the author's level, fallacies are inevitable. Please correct me.
refer to
He Qixiang, Liu Shouquan, Zhou Yongqing, et al. Geological characteristics and comprehensive management of China coastal zone. See: Editor of China Geological Survey. Essays on coastal geological environment and urban development. Beijing China Dida Press, April 2005.
On the Attribute of Geological Environment Resources in Guangxi Coastal Zone
Ouyecheng
Beihai Institute of Engineering Geology; Beihai mineral resources exploration 536000)
Abstract: Guangxi coastal zone is rich in geological environment resources. On the basis of defining three attributes of resources: natural attribute, functional attribute and disaster attribute, this paper analyzes the relationship and significance of the three attributes. The combination point of resource investigation has been found, and its planning is the basis of comprehensive coastal management and sustainable economic development.
Keywords: coastal zone; Geological environment resources; Property; bonding point