1 Introduction

Rubber products industry needs to consume a lot of resources and use more radioactive and toxic substances, which does great harm to people's health and causes serious environmental pollution. In the long run, it will seriously affect the development of the whole rubber products industry. Therefore, we should study the environmental problems existing in the rubber products industry and put forward the methods to solve these problems, so as to effectively avoid the environmental pollution caused by the rubber products industry. The monitoring and control of rubber products should be strengthened to reduce the harm of rubber products to human body and environment and ensure the orderly development of the industrial chain of rubber products industry. If we want to effectively reduce the impact of raw materials on the environment, we can fundamentally control the environmental pollution of rubber products.

1. 1 feature

Rubber products refer to the process of producing all kinds of rubber products with natural or synthetic rubber as raw materials, in addition to rubber products regenerated from waste rubber. Therefore, these rubber products have the following characteristics.

(1) Rubber products need to bear great pressure during molding. However, due to the cohesive force of rubber itself, these cohesive forces can not be eliminated during die forming, resulting in unstable shrinkage of rubber products. However, it is precisely because of the elasticity of rubber itself that the shrinkage of rubber products will be eased after a certain period of time and gradually become stable. For example, rubber products are not carefully calculated at the beginning of design, which makes the size of molded products unstable and causes quality problems.

(2) Rubber belongs to hot-melt thermosetting elastomer, and plastic belongs to hot-melt cold-setting. Therefore, the vulcanization temperature of rubber is different due to different kinds of sulfides, and sometimes it is even affected by climate, room temperature and humidity. Therefore, when producing rubber products, it is necessary to adjust the temperature to ensure the quality of the products.

(3) Rubber products are generally made from raw materials after rubber mixing, and then rubber is used as raw material. Therefore, in rubber mixing, it is necessary to design the formula according to the characteristics of rubber products, and then formulate the production technology of the products.

1.2 classification

The basic types of rubber generally include natural rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, EPDM, Ding Qing rubber, silicone rubber sponge, rubber sponge and rubber-plastic sponge. These types of rubber have their own advantages and disadvantages, and the formula should be designed according to their characteristics when using.

1.3 production process

There are many kinds of rubber products, but the production process is basically the same. Generally, solid rubber and raw rubber are used as raw materials for production. The production process includes basic processes such as plastication, mixing, calendering, extrusion, molding and vulcanization. Basic processes such as raw material preparation, finished product finishing and inspection and packaging are also essential. The processing technology of rubber is mainly to solve the contradiction between plasticity and elasticity of rubber. The elastic rubber is made into plastic rubber by various technological means, and then various additives are added to support the semi-finished product, and then vulcanized to increase the elasticity and physical and mechanical properties of the finished product. No matter what kind of rubber it is, it needs to go through the above processes to make good quality rubber products.

2 Analysis of the impact of rubber products materials on the environment

2. 1 Impact of heavy metal materials on the environment

When designing the formula of rubber products, it is necessary to fully consider the content of heavy metals in rubber products. If the content of chromium and nickel in rubber products is too high, it will cause serious pollution to the environment. After rubber products are discarded, ordinary enterprises will directly decompose rubber products, and the decomposed chromium and nickel metals will pollute groundwater resources. Therefore, when designing the formula, we should minimize the use of materials containing chromium and nickel and strictly control the proportion of rubber products. Therefore, we should strengthen the systematic analysis of rubber products and strictly control the content of heavy metals in all raw materials.

2.2 the impact of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on the environment

Some raw materials in rubber products contain polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, which mainly exist in carbon black and processing oil. The raw materials of carbon black are mainly composed of coal tar and ethylene tar, the components of which are extremely complicated. Therefore, these two kinds of tar are a mixture, and it is very easy to pollute the environment when adding a small amount of ingredients to rubber products. The raw materials of processing oil are mainly composed of aromatic oil, paraffin oil and naphthenic oil, among which aromatic oil contains a lot of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, which will cause serious pollution to the environment. Some enterprises will incinerate rubber products after use, and there will be a large number of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon particles in the flue gas after incineration, which will cause serious pollution to the atmosphere.

2.3 Impact of specific amines and N- nitrosamines on the environment

Specific amine means that under specific conditions, azo dyes decompose to produce aromatic amines containing harmful substances. This special amine contains a lot of carcinogens, which is not only harmful to human health, but also causes serious pollution to the environment. When rubber products are processed, secondary amine rubber additives will react with nitro substances to produce N- nitrosamines. N- nitrosamine itself has strong carcinogenicity. Therefore, when designing the formula of rubber products, the use of N- nitrosamine should be reduced as much as possible to reduce the harm of rubber products to human body and environment.

3 rubber products environmental protection control measures

3. 1 Control the use of compounds, such as cadmium, lead, mercury and chromium.

Taking environmental protection as a benchmark, processing rubber products, strictly controlling the environmental indicators of raw materials for manufacturing rubber products, and improving the environmental protection of rubber products. Some raw materials for making rubber products will contain a lot of elements such as cadmium, lead, mercury and chromium, which can form many harmful substances, making the harmful substances in rubber products seriously exceed the standard. In the processing technology of rubber products, elements such as cadmium, lead, mercury and chromium generally exist in the form of compounds. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the monitoring of the use of rubber compound, adhesive and mildew inhibitor to effectively control the contents of cadmium, lead, mercury, chromium and other elements and reduce the environmental pollution of rubber products.

3.2 Strengthen the safety monitoring of incoming raw materials.

Before the production of rubber products, X-ray fluorescence spectrometry can be used to monitor the safety of all raw materials entering the factory, which can not only ensure the safety of raw materials batches, but also effectively avoid cross-contamination between raw materials. Rubber additives contain a certain amount of heavy metal elements, such as lead and mercury. Therefore, in the production of rubber products, additives such as nano-calcium carbonate or barium sulfate can be used instead of rubber additives, which can effectively reduce the pollution of heavy metal substances to the environment.

3.3 Strengthen the key monitoring of special raw materials

Among many rubber additives, zinc oxide is the most problematic additive, and the market price of zinc oxide is very high, which makes fake and shoddy zinc oxide products always appear in the market. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the monitoring and control of zinc oxide before rubber products are produced. Not only zinc oxide, but also many special materials in the production of rubber products. These special materials should also be monitored to effectively reduce the environmental pollution caused by rubber products.

3.4 Strengthen the use of substitutes

Aromatic amines that can cause cancer, such as specific amines and N- nitrosamines, are essential raw materials in the production of rubber products. Therefore, these carcinogens cannot be used all the time, and the use of these substitutes should be reduced. For example, using yellow colorant without specific amine instead of permanent yellow can effectively reduce the harm of harmful substances to human body and environment. Because the use of these harmful substances is inevitable, the use of these harmful substances can be reduced, which can also improve the environmental protection of rubber products to a certain extent.

3.5 Control of heavy metal content

For heavy metals such as chromium and nickel, the content should be strictly controlled to prevent the heavy metal content of rubber products from exceeding the standard. In order to effectively reduce the content of heavy metals in rubber products, the following three measures can be taken. First, lead-free sulfur production system is adopted to reduce the content of heavy metals in rubber products, thus reducing the environmental pollution of rubber products. Second, cancel the processing technology of toxic metal materials and reduce the use of toxic metal materials in rubber products. The processing of toxic metal materials will do great harm to people's health, so the use of toxic metal materials in rubber products should be reduced. Thirdly, strengthening the use of environmentally friendly adhesives in rubber products can effectively reduce the environmental pollution of rubber products and greatly improve the safety of rubber products. Heavy metals in rubber products do great harm to the environment, so the content of heavy metals in rubber products should be strictly controlled.

4 conclusion

Environmental protection of rubber products is very important for environmental protection. Therefore, it is urgent to improve the environmental protection of rubber products, which can not only effectively protect the environment, but also reduce the harm of rubber products to human body, thus promoting the rapid development of rubber products industry.

References:

[1] Wang Qiaofu, Tang Wenzao, et al. Monitoring and Control of Environmental Protection Rubber Products [J]. Rubber Industry, 2008(3).

[2] Xie Zhongbi. Environmental protection materials for rubber products [J]. china rubber, 2006,22 (16).

[3] Thanks. Thoughts on environmental protection and energy saving of China's rubber industry (1) [J]. World Rubber Industry, 2007.34(2).

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