According to Chinese national standards, the abstract is a brief statement of the contents of the report and paper, without comment. The most important thing is not to comment, but to be brief. This is a little more difficult. The position of the abstract is generally after the nomination and author, but before the text of the paper. Below I will talk about my views on abstraction according to my own understanding.
basic elements
It is necessary to provide a summary of the contents of the paper, taking the research purpose, methods, results and conclusions as the basic elements.
ask
The text is concise and accurate, within 300 words. Although fewer words are required, the content cannot be less, and the content must be fully summarized. And there is no need for abstract comments and explanations, nor for segmentation. The third person and narrative method must be adopted, and "this article" and "author" should not be used as subjects; Do not use mathematical formulas, chemical structural formulas and charts; There is no quotation.
trait
It must be independent and self-evident, that is, you can get some necessary information from the abstract without reading the full text.
type
It can be a reportable summary indicating the topic scope and content outline of the paper, an indicative summary indicating the nature and level of the topic and achievements of the paper, or a reportable-indicative summary expressing the part of the paper with high information value in the form of reportable summary and the rest of the paper in the form of indicative summary;
In addition to the above four points, abstracts are also divided into Chinese abstracts and English abstracts. The English abstract is located below the Chinese keywords, and the content must correspond to the Chinese abstract. Chinese place names are spelled in Hanyu Pinyin, and minority place names should be selected according to Hanyu Pinyin China Place Names Manual.