Schelling thinks that philosophy of art is the reappearance of "absolute" in art form. Absolute is the prototype of truth for philosophy and beauty for art, and philosophy and art are just two different ways to observe the same absolute. In the history of western thought, Schelling first established the modernity view of philosophy and art, and Schelling's artistic philosophy contains deep anxiety about the present existence of human beings and reflection and criticism of modernity. These thoughts have always reflected the contemporary thinkers' discussion on art and existence, mainly in the following aspects: Schelling's thinking characteristics of combining rational intuition with aesthetic intuition changed the philosophical concept dominated by rationality in German classical philosophy, and he took art as a means to solve life problems and found a way to break through philosophical existentialism; Schelling's restatement of myth in the non-myth era of the Enlightenment is a criticism of human existence in the Enlightenment era. He explained the myth from human existence, changed the myth from epistemology to ontology, and the construction of the myth world pointed to the construction of the human world. Schelling linked art with truth and history, making art really participate in the process of human history and appear in our field of vision as a discourse force against modernity. Schelling's artistic philosophy is not only an aesthetic event, but its real ideological significance lies in its connection with the contemporary situation of human history in essence. From the perspective of ideological inheritance, Schelling's artistic philosophy has influenced Marx's aesthetic thought. However, Marx inherited the ideas of his predecessors and at the same time surpassed them. He introduced the concept of practice into aesthetics and found a new way in methods. From the investigation of Schelling's philosophy of art and Marx's aesthetic thought, we can see that their views on art are different from our understanding of daily thinking. They talked about art from a philosophical perspective, and art no longer became dispensable, but became the dimension of human existence. They remind us that we should reflect on our daily understanding of art, let go of rationality's arrogance, contempt and censure of art, and restore the true essence and function of art.