Introduction to Surveying and Mapping Thesis Introduction to Surveying and Mapping Course Name: Course Name: Thesis Title: Academic Team of Tourism College: Industry: Grade:No.: Introduction to Surveying and Mapping Development Course of One Brigade and Five Teams Information Engineering (Command Class) Grade 2009 3762009 174 Yang Student Name: Name: Cartography Defence Development Course. However, as a soldier, if he doesn't even have the basic ability to read, use and locate the map, then such a soldier can only be defeated. In today's society, although with the continuous progress of science and technology, all kinds of navigation instruments and equipment are constantly being manufactured and updated, which undoubtedly brings great convenience to people's lives and military activities, we find that an ordinary map is still frequently used in military activities, and the military also requires military personnel and commanders at all levels to have a high ability to read and use maps. Various surveying and mapping schools have also trained a large number of outstanding talents who study cartography. From this, we can clearly see that cartography is not only one of the key subjects for surveying and mapping professionals to learn, but also a subject that our commanding cadres should really understand! We have been studying two courses about cartography this semester, one is military topography, and the other is introduction to surveying and mapping. The course of military topography focuses on making us master and improve the basic ability of understanding and using maps; The focus of cartography in Introduction to Surveying and Mapping is to let us know more about cartography and let us know why on the basis of knowing how to use maps. This aroused my interest in learning cartography, because I know that to be an excellent commander, we must first learn some knowledge related to cartography. Through a semester of study and wonderful lectures by academicians, I have a general understanding of surveying and mapping. More importantly, I have passed this course and I know the direction of my efforts. As we all know, science and technology are the primary productive forces. Scientific and technological progress can influence and drive the development of some things at the same time. Below, I will briefly talk about my understanding of cartography from the progress of science and technology and the development of cartography. As for the specific contents involved in cartography, I won't go into details here, so I hope to criticize and testify. Cartography was originally composed of three sub-disciplines: mathematical mapping, map compilation and map printing. Later, it developed and added the introduction of maps and map decorations. In the past 20 years, new theories such as map information, map information transmission, map feeling, map graphic symbol theory and map model have been put forward. These new viewpoints enrich the research content of map theory and promote the development of map expression forms and technical means. If other tools made by human beings are extensions of human hands, then computers, as tools to replace human brains for information processing, can be said to be extensions of human brains. The appearance of computers and the development of digital mapping technology provide new technical means for the acquisition, expression, storage and utilization of spatial data. Aerial photography, especially color and multispectral photography, which appeared in the 20th century, fundamentally changed the mapping and production process of topographic maps that have been developed for more than 300 years. For more than half a century, the rapid development of space technology has provided a powerful tool for the modernization of economic construction, science, culture and social life, especially the development and application of Earth observation satellite system, which has provided a large number of ground target information and rapid and rich information sources for the production of maps and various thematic maps. The application of global satellite navigation and positioning system has solved the problem of large-scale, global high-precision and fast positioning. The development of aviation, aerospace and global positioning system technology provides fast and real data sources for maps. The application of high technology shortens the cycle of map making and updating and reduces the cost. The development from paper map to digital map or electronic map reflects the technological revolution brought by high and new technologies such as computers in the field of maps. Since the 1960s, some developed countries have begun to study computer-aided drawing. After more than 40 years' efforts, computer cartography has developed rapidly, especially with the promotion of earth observation technology, communication technology and computer network technology, which has greatly changed the way of obtaining, making and using map data. The research of cartographic automation is based on the principles of cartography and the requirements of map editing, using computers and input/output devices, applying database technology and digital processing methods of graphics and images to realize the acquisition, processing, display, storage and output of map data. In terms of data acquisition, in addition to remote sensing data, the introduction of digital software and hardware provides an effective tool for the digitization of a large number of existing analog maps and data. In the aspect of map projection and its transformation, users can process and transform data flexibly and freely through software; The introduction of electronic map editing and publishing system has broken the traditional division of labor between map drawing and publishing, and the friendly and convenient "what you see is what you get" map design system has greatly reduced the labor intensity of map compilation, shortened the mapping cycle, and improved the production efficiency and map production quality. The application of high and new technology has broken the mapping process of traditional map production mode from large scale to small scale, broken the limitation of time and space at once, and realized the rapid compilation of large-scale and small-scale maps, three-dimensional dynamic maps and virtual simulation maps. With the development of science and technology and the improvement of people's understanding, the theory of cartography is also developing. Now people regard information transmission as the central issue of cartography. Geographic information system is the extension and development of computer cartography, which is inextricably linked with cartography. A series of scale topographic maps and atlases can be regarded as simulated basic geographic information systems and thematic information systems from a certain point of view. The realization of spatial visualization technology provides a multi-foot, multi-dimensional, multi-temporal and multi-source vision for the endless and seamless real world. Through mass data management, cartographic comprehensive technology or multi-scale basic geographic information organization, large-scale spatial roaming and information retrieval and query can be realized from macro to micro, from past to present and from future. The development of network technology, especially the Internet, and the development and popularization of mobile communication technology provide a technical platform for maps to enter the service mode of thousands of households. With the development of microelectronic technology, computer technology, communication and network technology, people gradually realize that materials, energy and information are the three pillar resources that constitute the modernization development. Establishing National Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI) has become a major issue for all countries. With the development of China's information industry and the promotion of national economy informatization, geographic information has become the spatial support information needed for macro-decision, planning and management, micro-production and construction, scientific research and daily life. Cartography is a science of studying and making maps. The central problem it solves is how to meet people's demand for maps in social life, benefit people to the maximum, serve mankind and play an important role in the development of human society. With the progress of science and technology, cartography is developing and progressing while absorbing the achievements of various disciplines. As a military college student in 2 1 century, he is the future commander. I think cartography in surveying and mapping should be a practical subject that we really need to master. Let's work hard for a better tomorrow! Name: Team Yang. : No.1 Team and No.5 Team Student ID: 3762009 174