An analysis of the factors affecting college students' mental health.
The mental health problems of college students are closely related to the social development in the new period, and their psychological characteristics have a strong color of the times. Due to the influence of society, family, school and themselves, many college students in China have some psychological and behavioral problems, which are mainly manifested in the pressure of environmental variation, interpersonal communication, emotional problems, study and employment pressure, and the contradiction between ideal and reality.
Abstract: The mental health problems of college students are closely related to the social development in the new era, and their psychological characteristics have a strong color of the times. Due to the influence of society, family, school and themselves, many college students in China have certain psychological and behavioral problems, which are mainly manifested in the pressure caused by environmental changes, interpersonal pressure, emotional problems, study and employment pressure, and the contradiction between ideal and reality.
Keywords: mental health, psychological and behavioral problems of college students
Keywords: psychological health, psychological behavior problems of college students
In recent years, violent incidents, suicides, suspension from school and withdrawal from school caused by psychological problems of college students are common. Figures provided by China CDC show that 16% ~ 25.4% of college students in China have psychological barriers such as anxiety, neurasthenia and depression. In order to do well the ideological and political education of college students, it is necessary for us to seriously study the current situation of college students' mental health problems, grasp the causes of college students' mental health problems, and find solutions.
First, the status of college students' mental health problems
In recent years, the problem of college students' mental health education has gradually emerged. In recent years, the number of students who drop out of school or drop out of school due to psychological problems has increased year by year. Moreover, the psychological problems of college students have obvious stages. "The first grade focuses on adapting to the new life, with learning problems, professional problems and interpersonal problems; The problems of senior two are interpersonal communication, study and career, emotion and love in turn; The third grade focuses on self-expression development and ability training, interpersonal communication, love and emotional problems; In the fourth grade, there are many problems in choosing a job, as well as problems of love, future development and ability training. " As a group bearing the high expectations of society and parents, college students are facing higher psychological pressure than other peer groups, and they are a group with high incidence of mental health problems, which are increasingly prominent in life, communication, growth and emotion.
Second, the performance of mental health problems of college students
(1) Dependent type and depressive type with poor adaptability
In the past, some students were excellent in middle school. After they went to college, their masters were like clouds and the competition was fierce. Their learning style and lifestyle are difficult to adapt to college life and study for a while. As a result, the dependent learning style formed by many students in middle school is difficult to adapt to in college. Secondly, loose management does not mean that there is no management. If the learning method is wrong and the time is not well grasped, it may be eliminated. There is a long process for college students to adapt to the environment and adjust their psychology. Many students often have pessimistic and negative emotions, so the psychological problems of depression are inevitable.
(B) loneliness and anxiety in interpersonal communication
Many college students are not used to independence in life because of their lack of life exercise and independent living ability, which has caused them great pressure. They pay too much attention to themselves, pay attention to their position in interpersonal communication, and lack care and understanding for others, which leads to melodrama and sensitivity in interpersonal communication, resulting in loneliness and psychological anxiety.
(C) Inferiority and loneliness caused by family poverty
With the development of economy and the increase of education cost, the tuition standard has increased year by year. It is not easy for an ordinary family to bear high expenses. Many students with strong self-esteem have formed an inferiority complex because of the gap between ideal and reality. Secondly, college students who feel inferior and withdrawn because of poverty. Because of their inferiority complex, they also show the characteristics of being taciturn, withdrawn and unsociable in interpersonal communication, which affects their mental health.
Third, the influencing factors of psychological and behavioral problems of college students
social factor
1. The pressure of social competition. The fierce competition in the market economy has not only promoted the rapid development of all aspects of society, but also triggered a series of social problems. The intense pace of life and great work pressure make people feel depressed and tired. Reform and opening up provide good opportunities for college students, but a series of social unhealthy phenomena have also caused many psychological contradictions of college students, and even personally felt the pain of social transformation, which made college students' personality weaknesses appear and formed psychological diseases.
2. Cognitive problems caused by information contradiction. College students are in the period of long body, long knowledge and learning to be human beings, and are in the process of forming world outlook, outlook on life and values, which is highly plastic. With the advent of the network information age, all aspects of information are complicated and mixed. However, college students' immature thinking, lack of experience, lack of intellectual support and poor information processing ability lead to fierce contradictions and conflicts between theory and reality. If these contradictions and conflicts are not resolved in time, psychological obstacles or problems will arise.
(B) School factors
1. living environment pressure. The change of living environment is the basis of promoting the psychological change of the whole person. From middle school to college, the most touching thing is to change an environment and start an independent but collective life. It requires college students not only to take care of themselves, but also to have dedication. However, because most contemporary college students are only children, many people feel lonely for the first time because of their lack of self-care ability and unaccustomed to collective life, and often feel depressed and anxious.
2. The pressure of the learning environment. A considerable part of college students' learning pressure comes from their disliked majors, which makes them in conflict and pain for a long time; The course burden is too heavy, there are problems in learning methods, and long-term mental stress will also bring pressure; The other is the test pressure brought by taking various certificate exams and postgraduate entrance examinations. Being in a state of high tension for a long time can easily lead to psychological diseases such as compulsion, anxiety and even schizophrenia among college students.
3. Personal emotional stress. At present, college students in China are in the middle of adolescence and are sensitive to sexual problems. They are eager to make friends with the opposite sex and get friendship and even love from the opposite sex. However, the contradiction between physical precocity and psychological lag often leads to the deviation between needing love and understanding love. If these emotional pressures are not relieved and adjusted in time and effectively, they may cause psychological imbalance and serious mental illness.
(3) Family factors
1. Parents' expected pressure. In today's society, parents' desire for success is widespread. For the sake of their children's further education, such as entering a university, going to graduate school or studying abroad, many parents do whatever it takes. Parents' strong expectations, on the one hand, can become the motivation for college students to study hard, but on the other hand, it may be counterproductive and become an unbearable psychological burden for college students.
2. The pressure of family relationship and educational methods. The language and interpersonal atmosphere between family members directly affect the psychology of each member of the family, which is of special significance to college students in the period of personality formation. Parents' parenting attitudes, parenting styles and personality temperament types directly affect children's behavioral psychology. Only imperceptibly, not blindly loving, enlightened rather than authoritarian, democratic and equal rather than imperative family education can be conducive to the healthy development of students' psychology.
(D) Self-factors
1. The conflict between ideal and reality. College students are full of beautiful yearning for the future, hoping to play their talents and become important people in the future. However, there is a great contrast between the real society and their own expectations, especially today's society is in a period of social transformation, facing the pressure of diversified values and employment, which makes many college students unable to find their own life coordinates quickly and fall into contradictions and conflicts.
2. The conflict between independence and dependence. College students' self-awareness has been greatly enhanced. They are eager to enjoy a free and unrestrained life, but because they are in the learning stage, they still have to rely on their parents financially. In addition, because school life still inevitably depends on schools and teachers, they still lack the experience of living independently, and can't really solve some problems in life by their own strength and properly handle various relationships in social communication. This situation will inevitably lead to the contradiction between independence and dependence.
In a word, it is very important for the society and universities to explore the psychological problems of contemporary college students and their causes in depth, so as to improve their psychological quality and prevent their psychological problems. By building a whole educational network with the participation of family and society, a perfect psychological counseling system is established, psychological counseling work is strengthened, and an early warning mechanism for college students' psychological files is established to provide students with a relaxed, healthy and people-oriented learning and living environment and help them become pillars of physical and mental health.
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