Any instrument that makes a sound by tapping can be called a percussion instrument. Small percussion instruments include triangle iron, double drum, tambourine, wooden fish, castanets and bangzi. Percussion is a huge musical instrument family, which is particularly important in music works. In the process of learning music, practicing rhythm with small percussion instruments is the best tool for students to train their sense of rhythm. In thirty years of teaching, I rehearsed many songs or music with small percussion instruments, which played a particularly good role in cultivating students' sense of music and rhythm. In the song "The Way", syncopation rhythm is not easy to master, especially continuous syncopation, so I'm going to use tambourine to finish this content. The tambourine is made of wood or metal, and it is round, with skin on one side, small holes in the round cabinet and small copper pieces. The timbre of tambourine is light, bright and penetrating, and playing it can show many complicated rhythms and playing modes. It also has many skills, such as shaking, rubbing and shaking. The bells should be unified, which is not easy to practice. The voice should be neat, and if it is not practiced well, it is divergent. The syncopation requires a long sound in the middle, which requires that the Tik Tok of the tambourine should be uniform. In one class, I asked students with poor sense of rhythm to tap the triangle racket. Triangle iron is a round metal bar (solid) bent into an equilateral triangle, leaving an angle where the joint is not closed. When playing, lift the triangle with a thin belt and tap it with a thin metal bar with the other hand to make a clear metallic sound. Triangle iron, as a colorful instrument in the band, adds excitement and bright luster to the band. The skill of triangle iron is Legato, voice control, click. I'm arranging music, and let the triangle take the first beat. Then tap the racket at the back with a banger. The bangzi consists of a flat round stick (about 15-20cm long, slightly thicker) and a round stick (slightly thinner). It can also be composed of a hollow rectangular wooden box and a round-headed mallet, which makes a crisp and powerful sound when struck.

Combining them with piano accompaniment, students find it particularly interesting. Through repeated practice, students' bodies also have a sense of rhythm. Adding a particularly joyful atmosphere to the classroom.

Before practicing small percussion instruments, you should do the following exercises:

Hands and feet practice, the practice method is, clap your hands and stamp your feet, clap your hands and stamp your feet on the notes. For example:

The rhythm of the above exercises should be stable, don't clap your hands too hard, just like patting a ball, the rhythm of your mouth, hands and feet should be coordinated. At first, you may not be used to it. You can slow down after practice and speed up after practice.

Let me talk about a few small percussion skills exercises:

In the practice of triangle iron, its playing skills generally include clicking, rolling, staccato and so on. Generally speaking, there are two striking positions, namely, the bottom and the side of the triangle. When bouncing, shake the two corners of the right-hand metal bar (except the open side) quickly to make its sound continuous.

The practice of tambourine, the so-called tambourine, is also a drum with bell. When knocking at the door, there are both bells and drums. It belongs to a musical instrument that is good at expressing cheerfulness and strong sense of rhythm, so it is generally used in some dances and joyful music. There are also many ways to play. You can knock on the door with your joints, hands and fingertips. When playing hard, you can beat the center of the drum skin or hit your knees with the drum skin. The playing skills of tambourine are: shaking hands and rubbing the edge of drum head with fingers. There is also a tambourine without a drum skin. We call it a bell ring, which has a circle, a semicircle and various shapes. Its sound is cleaner and clearer than tambourine, and its playing methods are clicking and scrolling.

Among Diane's dance music in Horqin, there is a piece of dance music that is wrestling, and the rhythm of this piece of music can be represented by tambourines.

The last paragraph of Diane's dance is a cheerful and enthusiastic red silk dance, and the performance of tambourine is more important. And this piece of music is continuous and necessary. The rhythm should be coherent and the voice should be unified. You can dance tambourine according to your mood when you play.

Sand hammer and metal sand pipe. Sand hammer, also called sand ball, originated in Latin America. It uses a pair of Cuban gourds or coconut shells, hollows them out, fills them with iron sand, seals them, and then installs handles. Its use in the band can make the band more cheerful and enthusiastic. It is not only a rhythm instrument, but also a color instrument. The technique of playing is: holding the hammer handle with middle finger, ring finger and little finger, holding the shell with thumb and forefinger, shaking the iron sand inside with wrist, making a rustling sound and producing various rhythms. Sand hammer rolls, too. When you play, just lift the sand hammer and keep turning the iron sand inside. Metal sand tanks are also called iron sand tanks. Its function is the same as that of a sand hammer, except that iron sand is placed in a metal cylinder. When playing, hold the metal tube with five fingers and shake it back and forth to make a sound. It is more convenient to play than a sand hammer and has a better sound.

Bangzi and square wood pillow. Bangzi was originally an accompaniment instrument in China Bangzi Opera, and now it is often used in western wind bands and orchestras. Its sound is crisp and bright, which plays a role in adding color and strengthening stress in the band. Bangzi is made of two solid pieces of mahogany or ebony. When playing, the fingers of the left hand hold a slightly flat chess piece, and the right hand holds another chess piece to knock. The other is hollow, like a small rectangular box, commonly known as box bangzi, commonly known as wooden pillow. The timbre is lower than the solid bangzi, and the timbre is darker.

Castanets. Castanet is a Spanish folk musical instrument, which is indispensable in Spanish-style music and gypsy dance that we usually hear and see. It is a percussion instrument with strong characteristics. Ordinary castanets are two shells of hardwood. When playing, each thumb is covered with two pieces, and the other four fingers take turns knocking on the block to play various rhythms. This kind of castanets is very skillful and difficult to master, so we all use castanets with handles now.

The above is to introduce the usage and skills of small percussion instruments, and the following usage is for your reference. The first is the use of classrooms. In teaching, giving students one or two small percussion instruments to do rhythm exercises will bring rich content to music classes, which is especially beneficial for teachers to organize classes. In the singing of songs, adding small percussion instruments will bring music happiness to singers and accompanists. In the band's rehearsal, the addition of small percussion instruments has a new color. For example, "Mail Car" added three small percussion instruments: tambourine, triangle iron and double ring. When arranging percussion instruments in the ensemble, there can be more low-volume instruments and less high-volume instruments. Generally, the types and quantity of accompanying instruments should not be too much. If the band plays alone, there can be more instruments. In order to make students use percussion instruments correctly and smoothly, it is not appropriate to change the beat rhythm in a paragraph or phrase, but in order to avoid monotony, the instrument should be changed and the principle of unity and contrast should be paid attention to. When configuring the ensemble, we should pay attention to the timbre of the instruments, and choose the instruments struck by the strong and weak beats according to the timbre and volume. Usually, high-pitched instruments hit on the strong beat and weak beat, while low-pitched instruments hit on the strong beat. The vibrato of tambourine and triangle iron can show special sound effects and a warm and joyful atmosphere, which are generally used in places with tense and complicated melody rhythm or at the end of long phrases. The difference between the two sounds of the double-ring bangzi is generally pure five degrees, which can show the galloping horseshoe sound.

Adding small percussion instruments in teaching must be done in familiar music works, so that students can know the name, content and nature of music and master the rhythm, paragraph, speed and strength of music. Before practicing percussion instruments, we should first introduce the name, timbre characteristics and percussion methods of the instruments to students, and then demonstrate them correctly, so that students can directly imitate the teacher's correct playing. Students should learn the same percussion instrument, master one percussion method and then learn the second one, and learn the whole piece. Small percussion instruments can be played in unison, in turn or in ensemble.