1. There are few methods to verify the authenticity of enterprise financial data. There is something wrong with the authenticity of the financial data provided by enterprises when they apply for loans from banks, and only a few can provide audited unqualified financial reports. (basically, it can be said that it is made up. This will bring potential credit risks to banks.
2. Small and micro enterprises create less profits. If they can't lend money in bulk, it will cost a lot of manpower. Generally speaking, the per capita profit of branches of joint-stock commercial banks in first-tier cities is more than one million. Small and micro enterprises assume that they can create 20,000 after-tax profits for banks in one year, and the performance of marketing personnel should be maintained at least 50 if they want to reach the average level (this is a conservative estimate, because banking financial institutions also have teller and backstage staff positions that do not directly create profits). However, according to the standards of general commercial banks and the requirements of post-loan management, it is difficult for one person to maintain 50 corporate business customers at the same time.
3. Small and micro enterprises are very concerned about financing costs. Generally speaking, small and micro enterprises controlled by natural persons simply calculate the financing cost, without considering the service ability of providing financing banks (for example, some large commercial banks have done better overseas business, and some large commercial banks have more outlets, etc.). ), so it is easy to change the cooperative bank because of a little petty profit.
4. Small and micro enterprises really don't have any deposits.
As mentioned above, the market of Internet finance has come, such as P2P lending platform. The emergence of P2P platform has solved the above problems 2, 3 and 4. P2P does not need to consider labor costs; Basically, it's a one-shot deal, so don't be afraid of your opponent looking for financing from others; There is no need to pull deposits (illegally absorbing public deposits). Then, all kinds of small loan companies have not been completely eliminated because the problem of 1 cannot be solved. Well, it's actually very easy to solve here, as long as the lender of p2p lending doesn't ask, just look at how much tax the enterprise applying for financing pays each year (the tax bureau should have an o2o service), and then the platform will pass on the tax amount of the enterprise (the profit can be counted), and the bank will run smoothly (it is best for the basic bank to open an o2o, but the enterprise should apply to the bank to authorize the bank to supply water for the P2P platform). P2p platform can query the customer's situation in the bank). Then the p2p platform gives an official rating to the enterprise according to its flow (cash flow) and profit (profitability) and the industry in which the enterprise is located. Investors can invest more rationally.
The following question is coming. Who will do this platform? If the enterprise is allowed to do it, it will inevitably pull out a layer of skin (I mean let the financing applicant or investor pay the service fee). Do you expect a private enterprise to talk to the bank and the tax bureau about this cooperation? Unrealistic (contrary to the financing difficulties of small and micro enterprises that the country wants to solve). So the government can only build a platform. For example, the Haidian District Government in Beijing has built such a platform. Under the order, Haidian registered enterprises and bank branches must cooperate. Then solve the financing problem of small and micro enterprises in Haidian District. Then there are more and more small enterprises registered in Haidian, and in order to get high marks in the system, there will be less tax evasion. (this is the same as the annual income and tax payment approved by natural persons, but at the same time, the provident fund is paid more, and the employer pays the bill for the employees. The financing channels provided by the government earned more taxes and introduced more small and micro enterprises, but the lenders paid for it. ) This is equivalent to establishing a secondary market for creditor's rights.
If there is such a secondary market for creditor's rights, the information comes from tax bureaus and commercial banks. Enterprises must regulate themselves if they want to obtain debt financing. The whole market is completely transparent, which is the P2P platform. I believe that if this platform is made like this, financial institutions will soon appear in the list of investors.
Need a technological breakthrough? The bank's system and the tax bureau's system are ready-made, as long as a software vendor accesses them.
Need an institutional breakthrough? Mainly the general principles of loans (in fact, the existing p2p companies have broken through these) and anti-money laundering requirements (at least at the bank side).