Diesel engines use diesel as fuel. Because the evaporation and fluidity of diesel oil are worse than that of automobiles, it is impossible for diesel engines to form combustible mixture outside the cylinder like gasoline engines. The mixture of diesel oil can only be formed inside the cylinder, that is, at the end of the compression stroke, diesel oil is injected into the cylinder through the injector, and diesel oil droplets are heated, evaporated and diffused in hot air, mixed with air to form a combustible hybrid power, and finally spontaneously combust. Because of compression ignition, the thermal efficiency of diesel engine is higher than that of gasoline engine, and because of the high density of diesel itself, the fuel consumption under constant speed driving condition is much smaller (the fuel consumption test under constant speed driving condition is an important experiment of automobile fuel economy, and the density in its calculation formula is in the denominator position). Traditional diesel engines provide fuel to diesel engines through fuel injection pumps, injectors and governors. Because the formation time of diesel engine mixture is very short, only accounting for15-35 crank angle, the composition of mixture in combustion chamber is very uneven and changes with time, so it is necessary to have a good matching of diesel engine fuel supply system. However, the traditional diesel engine completely completes this matching through the interaction between machines, which leads to the phenomenon of black smoke and loud noise in everyone's impression, and the fuel economy advantage of diesel engine is also buried. With the progress of science and technology, especially the successful application of * * * rail technology to diesel engines, the advantages of fuel economy of diesel engines are immediately reflected, and the disadvantages such as black smoke no longer exist. More and more vehicles use diesel power. In Europe, almost half of vehicles have started to use diesel power. In China, with the entry of a large number of advanced diesel engines such as Volkswagen TDI and Ssangyong XDi, domestic consumers have actually experienced the driving feeling brought by advanced diesel power. After years of development and improvement, the electronic control injection system of diesel engine has developed from the first generation of displacement control to the second generation of time control and now to the pressure time control, which is also commonly known as * * * rail injection technology. * * * rail fuel injection system, as the third generation electronic control injection technology of diesel engine, abandons the traditional in-line pump system and replaces it with an oil supply pump, establishes a certain oil pressure and sends it to the common high-pressure oil pipe of each cylinder (which is what we call * * * rail), and then sends diesel oil to the injectors of each cylinder through * * * rail. In this way, the injection pressure of the * * rail diesel injection system has nothing to do with the injection quantity and is not affected by the engine load and speed. The pressure level can be changed at will as required, so that the emission of nitrogen oxides and particulate matter is greatly reduced. Compared with the traditional mechanically controlled diesel injection system, electronically controlled diesel injection has the following advantages: 1. The basic control information of the mechanically controlled diesel injection system is the rotational speed of the diesel engine and the position of the accelerator pedal, while the electronically controlled diesel injection system detects the running state and environmental conditions of the diesel engine through many sensors, and the control quantity suitable for the running state of the diesel engine is calculated by the electronic control unit, and then tried by the actuator. Therefore, the control is accurate and sensitive. Moreover, when the control function needs to be extended, the integrated control can be realized only by changing the storage software of the electronic control unit. 2. The mechanical control injection system is often caused by specification error and wear, followed by the error of injection timing. However, in the electronically controlled injection system, recheck is always made according to the basic signal of crankshaft position, so there is no possibility of dislocation. These advantages also determine that the third generation of * * rail diesel will have stronger power and more economical performance. Compared with electronically controlled rail injection technology, turbocharging technology has been applied to diesel engines for more than half a century, which is almost perfectly matched with diesel engines. Through turbocharging technology, the air is pre-compressed and enters the cylinder, thus increasing the air density and the intake air volume. This increases the output power of the engine and improves the fuel economy of the automobile. As the traditional advantage of diesel engine, gasoline engine can't compare with low speed and large torque, but through the application of new technology, the shortcomings of diesel engine such as insufficient power and slow speed increase have also been improved. Use data to illustrate the problem, which is more convincing than those empty compliments. For example, the maximum power 12 1kW of Lester 2,4000 rpm diesel engine, the maximum torque of 2400 rpm 340 Nm, and the maximum power 120kW of Toyota Prado gasoline with the same displacement of 2.7L, but the engine speed has reached 5000 rpm when the maximum power broke out. It is not difficult to see from the data that the Lester 2 of diesel engine is due to the Prado of gasoline engine in all data, and the maximum power and maximum torque burst speed are much lower, which ensures the acceleration ability and good fuel economy. Driving a diesel version of Lester 2 can be said to be easy to overtake on the expressway, and you can be the first to rush out of the parking line during the starting process. As an SUV, the off-road capability must be put in the first place, and the characteristics of low speed and high torque of diesel engine are more suitable for off-road vehicles-climbing to get rid of difficulties and can be easily completed. In terms of fuel economy, 10 oil is enough to feed it. In the face of economic crisis, oil crisis and other crises, a diesel SUV can let everyone fully enjoy off-road fun and respond to the call of the country to build a conservation-oriented society. Why not? There are not many diesel SUVs in China market, but they are not few, but most of them are concentrated on low-end SUVs, and the technology is backward. Even with the adoption of * * * rail technology, the power of * * rail technology has not been fully exerted, and the power has been hovering around 70kW. High-end SUVs basically don't sell diesel versions to the domestic market, because those high-end technical equipment can't adapt to the poor diesel quality in China. In contrast, Ssangyong diesel engine. It is believed that with the continuous progress of technology and the change of public awareness, more and more diesel SUVs like Ssangyong series will enter our daily lives. (This article Source: Netease Automobile Author: Ssangyong Automobile Contributed by) 2010-07-13 08: 39: 05 China Industry Research Report Network News Keywords Diesel engine, development prospect, analysis report source China Industry Research Report Network collates the report content.

First, the domestic internal combustion engine industry development prospect analysis

The compound annual growth rate of gas turbine industry in recent 10 years is 13.5%, which is higher than GDP growth rate in the same period. The sales volume of automobile internal combustion engine accounts for 15.2% of the internal combustion engine industry, but it accounts for 75% in terms of power, which is the most important sub-industry of the internal combustion engine industry. At present, automobile internal combustion engines are mainly sold in China. According to the data in 2008, the export volume was 430,000 units, accounting for only 5% of the total. From the past 10 years, with the improvement of domestic automobile engine technology, domestic automobile production has maintained a high engine self-sufficiency rate, which has remained above 90%. Only some high-end engines are imported to support the high-end models of the joint venture. After several years of rapid development, China's automobile industry has leapt to the second place in the world, second only to the United States. China's automobile industry is still in the primary stage, and domestic demand will grow rapidly for a long time. Considering the pull of export market, the total domestic and export automobile sales should maintain a compound annual growth rate of 15-20% in the next 10 year. In the future 10, the compound annual growth rate of automobile internal combustion engines should be basically the same as the sales growth rate of automobile industry, and should be kept at around 15-20%.

From the industrial chain structure of domestic automobile internal combustion engines, the market share of independent engine companies in the diesel engine field is relatively high, reaching 57.4%, of which Yuchai Power's market share is as high as 23.0%. The market share of independent engine companies in the field of gasoline engines is relatively low, only 13.8%, of which dongan power and its affiliated companies account for 8.7%. Domestic independent engine companies in gasoline engine field and diesel engine field all present a certain monopoly competition pattern in the industry. Compared with the competition pattern of international independent engine companies, it is not difficult to find that domestic independent engine companies have relatively high market share in the field of diesel engines and gasoline engines, especially gasoline engines.

There are few independent gasoline engine companies in the world, and large passenger car groups are all affiliated to gasoline engine companies. We judge that the main reason is that the international passenger car company has a large production scale and the engine business is self-operated. On the one hand, it is conducive to improving the speed of integrated development of new cars and bringing them to the market faster, on the other hand, it is conducive to improving the operating profit margin. However, domestic passenger cars are still in the early stage of development, and some smaller vehicle companies generally adopt outsourcing management mode for engine R&D and production, with large investment, so independent gasoline engine companies have certain living space. We expect that this trend will continue in the future, and the market share of independent engine companies in the field of gasoline engines will continue to decrease.

Second, the market prospect of diesel engines is infinitely bright.

It has long been recognized by the industry that diesel engines save 30% energy than gasoline engines. In the current situation of fuel shortage and stricter emission restrictions, this advantage of diesel engine is highlighted. On August 8, 2007, robert bosch Co., Ltd., the second largest auto parts manufacturer in the world, announced in Wuxi that Bosch Automotive Diesel Engine System Co., Ltd., a joint venture between Bosch Group and Wuxi Fu Wei Group, was formally established. The registered capital of the joint venture company is US$ 200 million, with Bosch and Fu Wei holding 67% and 33% shares respectively. This is the largest investment project of Bosch diesel system outside Germany. Strengthening and expanding Bosch's ability to produce and develop modern diesel systems in China is an important part of Bosch Group's global strategy. Bosch is very optimistic about the future market of diesel vehicles in China. It is estimated that by 20 13, the number of diesel vehicles in China will reach 3 million, mainly in the field of commercial vehicles.

Prior to this, Delphi, the world's largest component supplier, introduced diesel engines in Shanghai, and announced that it would sign new diesel rail system supply contracts with three China engine manufacturers in the near future and establish a new production base in China. At present, Delphi will first use its existing facilities in India and South Korea for production, and at the same time establish a new base in China. After the implementation of the plan, the annual production capacity of 6.5438+0 million sets of track systems in Asia will be formed. So far, in 2004, the world's two major auto parts manufacturers announced their involvement in the domestic diesel engine market, which is undoubtedly optimistic about the huge development space and prospects of diesel engines in the China market. At present, Europe and America 100% heavy-duty vehicles and 90% commercial vehicles use diesel engines, and European and American diesel vehicles have also accounted for 32% of car production, and France, Spain and other countries have reached more than 50%.

With the increasingly prominent economic and environmental performance of diesel engines, the gradual expansion of diesel vehicle sales is an inevitable trend. If half of passenger cars in China use diesel like French and Italian cars, then China will become the largest diesel market in the world. The bright future market prospect of diesel engine has become a suspense without suspense. At the same time, with the international diesel engine parts factories sweeping in, domestic joint venture automobile manufacturers have also attacked in order to seize the opportunity. In 2006, FAW-Volkswagen launched Audi A62.5TDI, the first high-end diesel vehicle in China. Ruifeng diesel commercial vehicle will surpass gasoline vehicle and occupy half of Ruifeng commercial vehicle.

Although diesel engines have made great progress abroad, the domestic pace is still far behind foreign countries, and there are still several obstacles in the use of diesel vehicles in China. First of all, the relevant departments have restrictions on the driving of diesel vehicles. This is mainly due to the smoke phenomenon of diesel engines, but with the advantages of diesel vehicles gradually emerging, the government should encourage the use of diesel passenger cars. Secondly, consumers don't know that diesel vehicles are more environmentally friendly and energy-saving. In fact, diesel engines not only save fuel by 30% compared with gasoline engines of the same grade, but also reduce the greenhouse effect by 45%. Although diesel vehicles are more expensive than the same gasoline vehicles 1 10,000 yuan, the cost can be recovered within two years by saving fuel money. Thirdly, domestic diesel products are not good. At present, the sulfur content and moisture content of domestic diesel really need to be improved. Finally, there are too few passenger cars with diesel engines. Although domestic FAW-Volkswagen has introduced diesel Jetta, Bora and Audi cars, as well as JAC's diesel Ruifeng, there are still too few diesel vehicles to choose from.

Three, the forecast and analysis of diesel engine market competition pattern

At present, the influence of "increasing charging mileage by weight" on the consumption of heavy trucks and semi-trailer tractors is gradually weakening; Before the official implementation of national III standard, the centralized consumption of national II heavy-duty vehicles formed an "overdraft" for future demand; High cardinal utility; The sudden support of natural disasters for heavy trucks is difficult to sustain; The negative effects of macro-control will gradually emerge. By the first half of 2009, the sales growth rate of heavy vehicles was close to 50%, and the production and sales cycle of heavy vehicles reached its peak in June. In 2008, the sales growth rate dropped to 65,438+00%, and in 2009, the sales growth rate was around -20%. This round of adjustment is expected to last for one year, and heavy vehicles will gradually recover at 20 10. The production and sales of medium-sized cars will fluctuate like heavy vehicles, but the fluctuation range will not be so great. The policy sensitivity of light commercial vehicles is low, and the fluctuation of market demand will not be like that of medium and heavy vehicles. However, in the medium and long term, under the macro environment of emission regulations and high oil prices, and under the strong competition of advanced technology and abundant funds of multinational enterprises, the light diesel engine market will undergo tremendous changes.