Once the effort comes, there will be fewer stars around.

The mountains and rivers are broken and the wind is floating, and life experiences are ups and downs.

The beach of fear says fear, and there is a sigh in the ocean.

Since ancient times, no one has died in life, leaving a heart that shines through history.

This poem is Wen Tianxiang's masterpiece and was written in the first month of the second year after the author was captured. Later, Zhang Hongfan, commander-in-chief of the Yuan Army, forced him to write a letter, asking Zhang Shijie and Wen Tianxiang, generals of maritime resistance in the Southern Song Dynasty, to write this poem to celebrate the Wisdom Day.

The couplet at the beginning of the poem describes two major events of the individual and the country: first, at the age of 2 1, he entered the official career through the Ming Dynasty and entered the official career because of the imperial examination; Second, at the critical moment of the country, get up and try to resist the RMB. The second part is about the country's broken mountains and rivers, the situation is critical, and personal destiny is also turbulent. National destiny and personal destiny are closely linked and have gone through hardships. The third sentence recalls the feelings of worrying about the country and the people when Fujian was defeated, and the next sentence is about the lonely situation of being unfortunately captured at present. Poems skillfully use the names of fear beach and Lingdingyang, and write out the sinister and difficult situation. The last antithetical couplet, which expresses one's mind directly, shows one's determination to die and clarifies one's own ambition, is a famous sentence that has been told through the ages.

The whole poem summarizes the major events in the author's life, and it is a melting pot of narrative and lyric expression, which is generous, sad and touching.

Cross the border

Wang Changling

Bright moon in Qin dynasty, bright moon in Han dynasty.

The Long March hasn't come back yet.

But Dragon City will fly in,

Don't teach Huma to climb the Yinshan Mountain.

This is a famous frontier fortress poem, which shows that the poet hopes to be a good general, quell the frontier fortress war as soon as possible and let the people live a stable life.

The poet starts with the scenery, and the first sentence outlines a desolate scene of Leng Yue's filming the border crossing. "The Moon of Qin Dynasty was broken in Han Dynasty" cannot be understood as the Moon of Qin Dynasty was broken in Han Dynasty. Here, Qin, Han, Guan and Yue are used alternately, which is called intertextuality in rhetoric, meaning bright moon in Qin and Han dynasties and Guan in Qin and Han dynasties. The poet hinted that the war here has never stopped since Qin and Han dynasties, highlighting the long time. The second sentence "The Long March has not yet returned" and "Wan Li" mean that the frontier fortress and the mainland are far from Wan Li. Although it is empty, it highlights the vastness of space. The Return of Man reminds people of the disaster brought by the war and expresses the poet's grief and indignation.

How can we get rid of people's difficulties? The poet pinned his hopes on a brilliant general. "But make Longcheng fly, and don't teach Huma to cross the Yinshan Mountain." As long as Li Guang, the flying general guarding Liuzhou, is still alive, he won't let the Hu people's cavalry cross the Yinshan Mountain. "Dragon City Flying General Army" refers to Li Guang, a famous soldier who was guarding Lulong City by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. He was brave and good at fighting, and defeated Xiongnu many times. "Don't teach" is not allowed, and the word "teach" is pronounced flat; "Huma" here refers to the cavalry invaded by foreign countries. "crossing Yinshan", crossing Yinshan. Yinshan Mountain is a big mountain range in the east-west direction in the north, and it is the natural barrier of the northern border defense in Han Dynasty. The last two sentences are written implicitly and skillfully, which makes people draw the necessary conclusions by comparing the past.

This poem is called the masterpiece of the Tang Dynasty. Tragic but not sad, generous but not shallow, Wang's poem "Out of the Fortress" is two, and this poem is the first.

Shanyang Tongguan nostalgia

Zhang

The peaks are like gathering, the waves are like anger, and the mountains and rivers are like Tongguan Road.

Looking at Xijing from afar, I can't bear it, and I am sad in Qin and Han Dynasties. All palaces and palaces are made of mud.

This song was written by the author when he went to work as a Taiwanese official in Yuan Wenzong Tian Li for two years (1329). Tongguan, located between East and West Beijing (Luoyang and Chang 'an), has always been a battleground for military strategists and often touches the homesickness of passers-by. This song expresses a historical theme by hanging Tongguan historic sites: in the long feudal society, no matter how dynasties change, people still live a miserable life.

The whole song is divided into three layers: the first layer (the first three sentences) describes Tongguan's majestic momentum, describing Tongguan as surrounded by mountains, describing the raging water of the Yellow River as anger, writing the dangers of Tongguan from two aspects of vision and hearing, and then using the word "mountains and rivers are outside" to imply that it is always a battleground for military strategists, which naturally leads to the emotional content of the next layer. The second layer (the middle four sentences) what the author saw and thought when he passed through Tongguan. "Looking at the western capital from a distance, the meaning is still unfinished" is the writer's vision in Malaysia, and he is filled with emotion. Chang 'an, the "western capital", used to be the capital of several dynasties. Its prosperity was recorded in ancient books, but now it is only desolate. "All palaces are made of clay" is a true portrayal of this process from prosperity to decline. How pathetic! It seems that this layer only reviews history and does not directly mention war. However, the tragic picture of the war of regime change is vividly on the paper. The third layer (the last two sentences) is the writer's feelings: when a dynasty rises, it will definitely build large-scale buildings and build luxurious palaces, thus bringing great disasters to the people; When a dynasty dies, it is the people who suffer in the war. "Xing, people suffer; Death makes people miserable ",which is actually the author's summary and evaluation of the past history. It is valuable for the author to have such an understanding under the historical conditions at that time.