Literary theory embodied in Aristotle's Poetics: In Poetics, Aristotle first expounded the relationship between literature and life. He inherited the traditional "representative theory" of ancient Greece, and thought that the real world was the blueprint of literature and art was an imitation of the real world. Imitation is not passive plagiarism, but through observation and understanding, to reflect things of universal significance in reality. In the ninth chapter of Poetics, Aristotle clearly tells us that poetry is true, regular and universal. The truth of poetry is different from the truth of history, and the truth of art is different from the truth of life. Poetry is fiction, which reveals the inevitability of things and abandons contingency, so the authenticity of poetry or art can be higher than the authenticity of life. He overthrew Plato's assertion that art is only a "shadow of a shadow". He also believes that poetry can express universality and inevitability through individual characters with "names", which is the view of "unity of generality and particularity" He believes that poetry must conform to the laws of possibility and inevitability, and show the internal relations of things. He particularly emphasized that the work must be an organic whole. From this point of view, he thinks that both epic and tragedy should focus on the action or plot, rather than the sexiness of the characters, because it is easier to show the inevitability of the development of events by focusing on the plot. The plot should be unified, and a work should have only one main plot, which develops from the beginning to the apex and then turns to the inevitable ending. When discussing tragedy, he emphasized the unity of action and pointed out that the time of tragedy should not last indefinitely. These views were later extended to the three laws of tragedy by classicists. Generally speaking, Aristotle's literary view embodied in Poetics is realistic. His poetics laid the foundation of western literary theory and had a far-reaching influence for more than two thousand years.