Some acupoints on the inside and outside of limbs or around trunk are named "relative acupoints", such as Neiguan and Waiguan, Yinling Spring and Yangling Spring, Hanging Bell and Sanyinjiao. "Relative point" refers to one point on each side of the two meridians of Yin and Yang, which is helpful to master the circulation of meridians. Knowing one point and two points when determining acupoints, needling one point (opposite needling method) or one point and two points (penetrating needling method) on one side is convenient to operate and has good curative effect. It integrates "meridian, acupoint, technique and application" and is applied to teaching, avoiding the disconnection between acupuncture and treatment.
Acupuncture; Educational/teaching methods; Relative point; acupuncture point
In acupuncture teaching, it is a common problem for people who study acupuncture. How to solve this problem and find a simple learning and memory method? After years of discussion, the research group summed up the "relative points" and applied them to teaching and clinic, and achieved good results. Now its application in acupuncture teaching is summarized as follows.
1 Definition and name of "relative point"
"Relative acupoints" [1] refer to some acupoints in relative positions inside and outside limbs or in front and back of trunk, such as Neiguan and Waiguan, Quchi and Shaohai, Yinling Spring and Yangling Spring, Hanging Bell and Sanyinjiao, Kunlun and Taixi. One point is located in the Yin meridian, and the other point is located in the Yang meridian. The upper limb is opposite to some lower limbs, and the trunk is opposite to some lower limbs.
The word "relative" exists in ancient and modern times and is used to describe the position of acupuncture points. "Relative acupoint" is used in ancient and modern times, so it has a profound theoretical basis [2]; The basic theories of "relative acupoints" are meridian theory and yin-yang theory [2]. "Relative point" is opposite to Yin and Yang, so regulating Yin and Yang with "relative point" can "treat Yin and Yang simultaneously, and qi and blood are in the same tune" [2]; "From Yin to Yang, from Yang to Yin" [2,3].
See table 1 for the names of relative points, with 35 pairs of * * *. Table 1 35 pairs of "relative points" (omitted)
35 pairs of "relative acupoints" cannot contain all acupoints, but are the most commonly used acupoints. It is characterized by one yin and one yang, one point on one side, and two points (yin and yang or exterior and interior) are opposite. So knowing one point can help you understand two points, and acupuncture can be one needle (opposite needling) or one needle with two points (penetrating needling) on one side. It is convenient to select points, easy to operate, easy to remember and master, convenient to apply and good in curative effect.
2 Characteristics and functions of relative points
2. 1 helps to master the circulation of meridians. Everything in nature has its own laws, and the function of science is to discover and reveal these laws. Although the circulation of human meridians is complex, there are rules to follow [4]. Generally speaking, the law of the twelve meridians's walking direction is "Yin ascending and Yang descending", that is, hands are raised, all yin meridians are upward, and all yang meridians are downward. The general distribution law of the twelve meridians is that the meridians of the hand (three yin of the hand and three yang of the hand) run along the upper limbs. The three Yang meridians of the foot are distributed from head to toe, with Yangming at the front, the sun at the back and Shaoyang at the outside. The Sanyin Meridian of the Foot circulates along the medial surface of the lower limb.
Taking the six meridians of the hand as an example, from the inner front edge to the outer side of the wrist of the upper limb, it is Taiyin (Taiyin Lung Meridian of the Hand), Jueyin Pericardium Meridian and Shaoyao (Shaoyin Heart Meridian of the Hand) in turn; Taiyin (Hand Taiyang Small Intestine Meridian), Shaoyang (Hand Shaoyang Sanjiao Meridian) and Yang (Hand Yangming Large Intestine Meridian) are opposite to each other: the lung and large intestine meridian are in the exterior, so both the lung meridian of Hand Taiyin and the large intestine meridian of Hand Yangming run along the inner and outer front edges of upper limbs; Pericardium and triple energizer are in exterior and interior, pericardium meridian of hand jueyin and triple energizer meridian of hand shaoyang are in the middle of the inner and outer sides of upper limbs; The heart and small intestine run from the outside to the inside, and the heart meridian of hand-shaoyin and the small intestine meridian of hand-taiyang run along the inner and outer rear edges of upper limbs.
Meridian theory is the basis of the existence of "relative point". The relative point is that Yin and Yang are opposite from outside to inside, and the point is on the corresponding meridian line, so the relative point can be used to associate the meridian route; You can also use longitude lines to connect relative "points".
2.2 Locate one acupoint on each side of the acupoint, knowing that the "relative acupoint" is a pair of two acupoints, one in the Yin meridian, one in the Yang meridian, one in the Yin meridian and one in the Yang meridian, and the yin and yang are opposite. Then, if you master one of the relative acupoints, you can connect it with another acupoint opposite to this one, and you can know the position of this acupoint and its meridians.
2.3 "Opposite acupoints" should be used for acupuncture with one needle on one side (opposite needling) or one needle with two points (penetrating needling). Opposite acupoints can be used alone or in pairs. Paired selection, you can take one needle on each side and two opposite acupoints at the same time, one needle on the Yin meridian point and the other needle on the Yang meridian point, which is called "aligning needles"; Or one needle and two points, one needle deeply pricks the opposite point, and at the same time acts on the opposite point, and one needle and two points both get qi, that is, "penetrating needling".
2.4 convenient operation and good curative effect "relative point" yin and yang or yin and yang are opposite from the outside to the inside, and one thing and two things can be known by setting points; When acupuncture, the positioning operation of one needle on one side (needle alignment) or two points on one side (needle penetration) is simple and convenient, and yin and yang cooperate. In regulating yin and yang, "both yin and yang are combined, and qi and blood are harmonized;" From yin to yang, from yang to yin ",it plays a complementary role [5], with fewer points and good curative effect.
Application of 3 in acupuncture teaching
3. 1 Learning acupoints is based on "relative acupoints" and contains the most commonly used acupoints in clinic. In the teaching process, before introducing the theory of acupoints, after explaining the law of meridian circulation, point out the "points" of "relative points" on the meridian line, which points are "relative", their names and positions. Students have this concept, and then introduce the contents of various theories of acupoints. When explaining the acupoints belonging to "relative acupoints", let the students associate with their "relative" acupoints, positioning and meridians. After introducing all the contents of each theory, let the students contact the meridian line to summarize the relative points and their functions, indications and characteristics, and compare the characteristics and functions of the "relative" points. Contrast can make their characteristics and functions more clear and prominent, which is convenient for different use.
3.2 "Relative acupoints" are connected with acupoints on a meridian through "points" of "relative acupoints", and acupoints on the same meridian have * * * commonness, that is, * * * ",and there are also differences, that is," personality ". Know what they are and what their personalities are. In this way, on the basis of mastering the "relative point", expanding learning is much more convenient than memorizing a single point. The point of "relative point" is "point", from point and line (acupoints on meridian line) to line and face (there are many acupoints on other meridians), so mastering "relative point" can play a role in attracting jade from the study of meridian points.
3.3 Stimulating interest with curative effect In the teaching process of acupuncture, there has always been a problem of disjointed teaching between acupoints and acupuncture. How to avoid this situation is a problem discussed by many acupuncture teachers, especially acupoints and acupuncture. Let's talk about acupoints first. I wonder where acupuncture is used. When or after we study various theories of acupoints, we can combine the study and comparison of acupoints, combine the functional characteristics of relative acupoints with diseases, selectively introduce how to apply what we have learned about relative acupoints to further deepen our impression, and encourage students to try to apply "relative acupoints" under the guidance of teachers. Students have done some exercises before studying therapeutics or therapeutic parts, especially after achieving results. At the same time, it also avoids the disconnection between acupoint, acupuncture and therapeutics teaching.
4 abstract
The "relative acupoints" are one yin and one yang, and one yin and one yang respectively, which is convenient for mastering the circulation of meridians and making the position of acupoints known. Acupuncture one side (alignment) or one needle and two points (penetration); Convenient operation and good curative effect. It closely links "meridians, acupoints, operation and application" and avoids the disconnection between acupuncture, moxibustion and treatment. Putting forward "relative point" is only a superficial attempt, and I hope my colleagues can correct me more.
refer to
Yang Zhixin. Related acupoints and their clinical application, 1 [M]. Beijing: People's Health Publishing House, 2005: 1.
[2], Song Cheng Jun. On the Theory of Relative Acupoints [J]. journal of traditional chinese medicine, 2007,48 (3): 200.
[3] Yang Zhixin. Theory and clinical application of "Yin inducing Yang and Yang inducing Yin" [J]. China Acupuncture & Moxibustion, 2003,23 (10): 613.
[4] Yang Zhixin. Experience in meridian teaching [J]. Journal of Chengde Medical College, 2003,20 (1): 82.
Yang Zhixin. Clinical application of relative point 1 ~ 14 [J]. China Clinician, 2005,33 (12): 48.
;