On the role of e-commerce in China's foreign trade management
University of international business and economics Wang Jian
Basic concepts of e-commerce
The so-called e-commerce means that enterprises apply modern information technology, especially network interconnection technology and modern communication.
Technology enables all parties involved in business activities to rely on electronic means instead of paper documents or the transmission of documents.
So as to realize the electronization and virtualization of business activities.
There are different definitions of e-commerce from different angles. We can basically look at it from the following four angles.
Look at e-commerce I
1 from the perspective of communication, e-commerce refers to the transmission of information through telephone and telecommunication networks or other means.
Products/Services and Payment
Understanding e-commerce from a business perspective means automating business transactions and business processes.
Understanding e-commerce from the perspective of service means improving product quality and service efficiency while reducing it.
Subtract service cost
From the perspective of Online online, it refers to the ability to buy and sell products through the Internet and other online services.
And information.
Vladimir Zwass, a famous scholar, defines e-commerce as the use of telecommunication network tools to enjoy the protection of commercial information.
Maintain business relations and conclude business transactions 2.
Therefore, e-commerce here refers to all business activities related to digital processing, so it is not just
Just buying and selling goods or services through the internet also involves all aspects of the traditional market, except finding them online.
Consumers and customer enterprises also need to settle accounts with suppliers, accountants, service agencies and government agencies through computer networks.
Establish business contacts, and even enterprises have established virtual communication channels with customers by sending, receiving and managing emails.
Get the competitive advantage of the enterprise
In view of the different levels of understanding of e-commerce, we believe that e-commerce is modern information technology IT.
The application of information technology at different levels and levels in the commercial field; Understanding electricity from a dynamic perspective.
E-commerce is a dynamic development process of global business activities supported by information technology services. E-commerce can also be considered as
Modern information technology, especially network interconnection technology, is a revolution in the commercial field that spans the boundaries of time and space.
International electronic commerce
In short, international e-commerce refers to what enterprises do by using various means of e-commerce operation.
International trade activities reflect the electronization of international trade process brought by modern information technology.
International e-commerce is a concrete application of general e-commerce in the field of international trade, as well as in China.
Compared with general e-commerce, international e-commerce has its particularity, mainly in the following aspects.
First, general e-commerce refers to the electronic process of all business activities, mainly domestic business activities.
International e-commerce is mainly aimed at e-commerce in international business activities.
Second, general e-commerce includes all types of e-commerce activities, such as business-to-consumer business.
Institution to commercial institution, commercial institution to administrative institution, consumer to administrative institution, etc.
Trade behavior in international trade activities generally involves government departments, trading partners and related settlement transportation.
Commodity inspection and other commercial departments' international trade transactions and processes do not directly target consumers in the market.
Therefore, international e-commerce only includes electricity from commercial institutions to commercial institutions, and electricity from commercial institutions to administrative institutions.
Professor Wang Jian from university of international business and economics talks about the role of e-commerce in China's foreign trade operation.
The website of International Business Bridge is exclusively published by IBB.COM.CN. It is forbidden to reprint and quote this article without permission. Please indicate the source 2.
Sub-business activities between trading partners and between trading partners and related banks, transportation departments, insurance departments, commodity inspection and customs.
And government departments have become one of the main contents of international e-commerce activities.
Third, although general e-commerce enables enterprises to directly face the global market, online trading mode can be adopted in China.
The transaction is directly reached on the Internet, but the international business activities that enterprises engage in are not only the transaction itself, but also it.
It often involves all aspects of the transaction from preliminary preparation to contract performance. After all, these activities are different from ordinary trade activities.
Restricted by foreign trade policies and measures of various countries, it should also be incorporated into international norms.
The specific operation of international e-commerce involves more departments and scopes than general e-commerce.
In addition, its related coordination work and legal practices and norms are international, so international e-commerce activities still have their own characteristics.
speciality
The role of e-commerce in China's foreign trade operation
Based on the above, the role of e-commerce in China's foreign trade operation is shown in the following two aspects.
E-commerce has accelerated the electronic trend of foreign trade operation.
As the application of information technology, e-commerce plays an increasingly critical role in the field of foreign trade, which is mainly manifested in calculation.
Computers and their network technologies are increasingly helping foreign trade enterprises to engage in business operations. Usually, we can transport foreign trade business.
Generally speaking, it can be divided into three stages: transaction preparation stage, transaction negotiation stage and contract performance stage.
This paper summarizes the business process of each foreign trade business from beginning to end, and the application of modern information technology gradually pours into foreign trade business.
In all aspects of ...
In the transaction preparation stage, the Internet and its technology are the core means of e-commerce, although the media is involved.
The text is relatively simple, for example, through the Internet, but it can achieve unexpected results, for example, enterprises can pass this list
The effect of media advertising information products can be reflected in the global market. In addition, foreign trade enterprises also
You can set up an online home page, provide an online catalogue for foreign customers, and email can effectively deliver related transactions.
Information has broken through the limitations of fax machines in the past and greatly saved various expenses of enterprises.
In the stage of transaction negotiation, the previous paper contracts and signature methods were replaced by electronic orders with security measures.
E-mail can completely replace fax and mail delivery, especially XML based on the Internet.
Extensible Markup Language Extensible Markup Language Document Standard iii breaks through the traditional private network EDI.
The restriction of high investment is expected to achieve the goal of enjoying one-time data entry, which is related to applying for import and export license rent.
Business links such as ship booking, customs declaration and inspection are also expected to be fully electronic.
Third, in the stage of contract performance, the role of e-commerce can not be underestimated, because the means of information technology have been
All aspects of the business are interlinked, and foreign trade enterprises can automatically generate documents by using general software, especially
Based on the Internet, it is expected to achieve a major breakthrough in security authentication, transportation tracking and online payment.
The basic XML document transmission will realize the automation of foreign trade business process and document transmission without increasing too many enterprises.
Investment and cost
In the long run, foreign trade enterprises that implement information technology will carry out logistics, capital flow and information flow.
The effective integration of e-commerce in foreign trade enterprises not only realizes the automation and electronization of business processing with transaction as the core.
Its core strategy will also change with the deepening of e-commerce application.
E-commerce makes foreign trade business process face changes.
As we all know, the Internet, as a new medium of e-commerce information exchange, has brought the distance between enterprises and customers closer.
In particular, the interactive nature of the Internet makes the business operation of enterprises virtual, such as the online trading system of enterprises.
Online procurement management, online sales management, etc. It has become a realistic choice for enterprises engaged in international operations.
In addition, the development of interactive multimedia internet makes the obstacles of global information exchange less and less, less than e-commerce.
The rapid development has also shaken the position of traditional middlemen. Foreign research shows that the traditional low added value is in the middle.
The services of merchants will eventually be replaced by the development of e-commerce. How to deal with the rapid development of foreign trade enterprises under the current situation
The new situation of exhibition is an urgent task.
From the development experience of foreign countries, the development of an enterprise depends on whether it is a part of an industrial value chain.
Whether to create value for its customers or not, the value created by enterprises for customers is not necessarily just the future business process.
More is to reflect value-added from the service aspect.
Therefore, in the future, the transformation of business operation process of China's foreign trade enterprises will be reflected in the following aspects.
1 Transition from single transaction to comprehensive service
It is the future development that the traditional foreign trade enterprises with transaction process as the core gradually transform into service-oriented enterprises with service as the core.
The trend of traditional foreign trade enterprises in China is based on a single transaction, and its organizational structure cannot be reflected.
With e-commerce breaking the original market competition pattern, the survival and development of enterprises should rely more on comprehensive services.
Establishing service-oriented foreign trade management is the development direction of most foreign trade companies, and service-oriented enterprises
The core problem is that the development of management e-commerce actually provides the most advanced means for enterprises in many countries to re-manage.
Successful e-commerce cases abroad are all developed by enterprises with the core of meeting customer needs.
2. Transformation from artificial monopoly advantage to natural competitive advantage
China's traditional foreign trade industry developed under the special historical background and existed for a long time.
However, with the deepening of reform and opening up, diversified competition has emerged in foreign trade.
Bureau in the case of artificial monopoly advantage is broken, whether traditional foreign trade enterprises or new foreign trade enterprises as a whole.
With the rapid development of global e-commerce, it is necessary to rebuild foreign trade business processes and gradually establish their own natural competition.
The combination of superior online and offline services and the development of e-commerce system in intranet and extranet will all be
Customers create value sources and channels, and enterprises with rapid transformation will only have a competitive advantage in the market quickly.
3 the transition from decentralized management to centralized management
China's traditional foreign trade enterprises used to aim at earning foreign exchange. Under the new system reform conditions, enterprises will
The subcontracting of business tasks has caused a relatively decentralized management situation, and decentralized management cannot play the role of enterprise groups.
Advantages and effective resources have not been integrated, not to mention providing comprehensive services to customers and the development of global e-commerce
Exhibition has gradually weakened the enterprise resources of the traditional intermediary transaction service position centered on single operation and low added value.
For example, can customer resources, brand resources, market resources, business process control resources, capital advantages and technological advantages be possessed?
Effective integration and centralized management, and giving full play to the team spirit of enterprise employees are the key to the survival and development of enterprises.
Basic conditions for development
The application of modern information technology in enterprises requires the original pyramid hierarchical management system of enterprises to be flattened to a great extent.
Flat centralized management system, customer-oriented and service-oriented teamwork will replace decentralized management.
Management system computer and its network technology provide a very practical and advanced means for centralized management and service innovation of enterprises.
Experts predict that in the near future, foreign trade enterprises will operate system software products, such as foreign trade ERP enterprise resource planning department.
The system will play an important role in the operation of foreign trade business. Under the situation of accelerating the pace of global e-commerce.
We believe that modern information technology will become a new means to truly maintain customer relations and provide value-added services to customers.
E-commerce-a guide for managers, Addison Wesley,
United States, page 3.
Vladimir Zwass, the structure and macro-impact of e-commerce: from
The technical infrastructure of the electronic market,