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Have you read The Ocean?
Cultivation of argumentative talents

1. Use repeated central sentences (words) to construct paragraphs.

Example 1 "solid but not soft, fragile." Soft but unreal, weak. Soft and strong, tough. "Looking at all times, China and foreign countries, if you want to achieve development, success and achievement, all of them have gone through" soft but practical "efforts and all of them shine with tenacity. The iron pestle is ground into a needle, and fools move mountains, which records the tenacious legend; The Yellow River enters the sea and the Yangtze River flows eastward, leaving a tough footprint; Drops of water pierce the stone, and bees make honey, which shows the difficulty of reality; Wang Xizhi used calligraphy to practice the strength of dyeing black pool water and eventually became a generation of calligraphy masters; In order to seek the truth, Marx used the tenacity of leaving deep footprints on the concrete floor of the British Museum to eventually become a great mentor of the proletariat. Darwin was besieged because he despised the fallacy that God created everything, and he finally became a scientist in a tenacious struggle. Zhang Haidi didn't feel depressed or pessimistic when two thirds of his body lost consciousness. Instead, he fought stubbornly against the disease and finally won the glorious title of Paul in the 1980 s. All these fully show that tenacity is the driving force of development and the cornerstone of success.

_ _ < < say "toughness" > >;

2. Use repeated central sentences to construct the article:

Compact article structure is an important skill and a sign that candidates' structural ability has reached a higher level. It is also a "shortcut to the south" for candidates to get high scores in structural items. It can be divided into fixed word repetition and variable word repetition.

For example, if I were an official.

Is the daughter close? Honey! Son-in-law? Also close; Ma 'am, are you close? Come closer. Zhong Wang can easily promote his son-in-law to be "chief". However, he refused the demands of his daughter and wife, ignored the threats of his son-in-law, acted impartially, ignored personal interests and refused to adjust his husband. As a feudal official, sincerity is precious!

If I am an official, I will be a vassal's official if I don't do it!

As the saying goes: "people are not vegetation, how can they be ruthless!" Zhong Wang's respect for the public is human: doesn't he want his daughter to rest on her knees forever and reunite with her own flesh and blood? Doesn't he want his son-in-law to be a big official? Doesn't he want to satisfy his wife's wishes? However, favoritism is different; If you obey your feelings, you will go against reason. Facing the contradiction between public and private, reason and emotion is the touchstone to test whether an honest official is clean or not. The value of Zhong Wang's devotion to the public is that he is loyal to the public, rebelling against private interests, unmoved by his family, enforcing the law impartially, being honest and clean, and making a name for himself through the ages!

If I am an official, I will be a vassal's official if I don't do it!

Sadly, some leaders today actually use their power for personal gain; Or install private people, or build villas, or misappropriate public funds ..... They are simply not as honest feudal officials! Fortunately, this kind of moth is a minority in the final analysis, and the broad masses of cadres have inherited the fine traditions of the party and maintained the true nature of the proletariat. In this regard, the beloved Premier Zhou can be said to be our model. As prime minister, his old man is a public servant of the people. For the revolutionary cause, he paid hardships and efforts, and his life was simple but not special. I'm even stricter with my nephew. 1968 At the beginning of this year, his 16-year-old niece cut in line in Inner Mongolia. Two years later, the local government decided to arrange for her to join the army. When the Prime Minister learned of this, he earnestly enlightened her: "There are so many people in Inner Mongolia who singled you out for me. We can't be special, not at all! " Comrade Bing Jian listened to his uncle's instructions and decided to settle in the frontier. People who know this matter are moved by it! Dear Prime Minister, he has set a shining example for us!

If I am an official, I don't do it, I am the official of the Duke of Zhou!

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Argumentative talent training II

Parallel sentence

Connecting three or more sentences with related content, the same or similar structure and coherent tone is called parallelism. It can be composed of phrases or sentences and can be used for introduction, theory and conclusion. Hypothetical sentences, causal sentences, conditional sentences and positive and negative comparative sentences are all acceptable. The use of parallelism can effectively enhance the language potential.

Example 1

Everyone has studied physics and knows what heat is, that is, the vibration of molecules; The higher the molecular vibration speed, the greater the heat. Every molecule of the whole nation is shaking. Why can't the great cause of the four modernizations be completed as soon as possible and the national dragon take off as soon as possible?

So how to vibrate? Wait? You wait for me to vibrate, shall I wait for you to vibrate? Don't! We have been waiting for forty-two years, forty-two years, and Verne's moon landing plan has become a reality; In forty-two years, Japan established a powerful nation on the ruins after the war; Forty-two years have passed, and the image of the world is strange to us ... can we wait a little longer? No, shake it up, every molecule in the whole country!

Example 2

Maybe we have all had similar experiences and feel that life has lost its warmth. Isn't it? Peels on the road, footprints on benches, garbage in corridors, crowded bus stops, street telephone booths repeatedly built and destroyed ... When we create such "masterpieces" intentionally or unintentionally, when we are tortured by them, we stop complaining and even ask others to "shine". Can life be beautiful?

-(92 college entrance examination composition)

[intensive training]

1 Pay attention to the order of juxtaposed words or phrases when composing parallelism.

"Struggle", in short, concerns our study and life; Generally speaking, it has something to do with our country and construction.

A Only by "fighting" can our cause flourish and our country develop;

B Only by "fighting" can our thoughts progress;

C only by "fighting" can we rush out of Asia and occupy the forest of nations in the world;

D Only by "fighting" can our life be rich and our feelings be harmonious;

The correct order is

2 In the part of repeated words in parallelism, if the key words can be changed in the same sentence pattern, the literary talent can be greatly increased.

After Marx revealed the development law of human history, he did not stagnate, and then completed the greatest work in human history, Das Kapital. After the abortion of New Life, Mr. Lu Xun "shouted" and left another movement against the old world. Facing the cruel reality of high paralysis, Zhang Haidi realized the glorious image of contemporary Paul in a wheelchair.

The following paragraphs are selected from the cold mouth. Please rewrite the third paragraph of the original text into a parallel paragraph.

Maintenance and liquidation accounting of state-owned assets. In the face of a pile of statements, the handwriting is like a dragon flying phoenix, the project is arrogant and seamless, and I can't say anything about it. Finally, I got angry and shouted, "Isn't this fooling the producers?" Someone replied in a low voice, "That's too cold."

Cold mouth? Many past events come to mind.

When someone shouted: "One day is equal to twenty years", someone once pointed out that this is a hot nonsense; When someone criticized Ma Yinchu's theory with the slogan "Many hands make light work", it was predicted that China would be trapped by many people sooner or later. Some people are angry at the prevalence of unhealthy trends and think that if this continues, the party and the country will be destroyed. Some people are puzzled by eating and drinking: "If three mountains can be knocked down, can't you control overeating?" Fake and shoddy are rampant, and many people who suffer from it denounce it: "Fake surname Chunqiu" is not far away; Faced with the problem that farmers are overburdened, many people are very worried and say, "Do you want to force farmers to turn back?"

________________________________________

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Argumentative literary talent training 3

conditional sentence

The so-called conditional sentence refers to a compound sentence or symmetrical sentence composed of complex sentences. For this reason, conditional sentences can only be used when there is a relationship between conditions and results between two parts. It often uses the related words of conditional complex sentences and the repeated words of symmetrical sentences. In other words, the related words of conditional complex sentences are the linguistic symbols that constitute this kind of compound sentence and symmetrical sentences.

Study hard, practice hard and be a necessary condition for success. Right? Thanks to diligence, the wonderful story of Confucius' "Bian Wei's Three Wonders" was born, and it is also known as one of the top ten celebrities in the world cultural history. With diligence, Zu Ti's beautiful talk of "smelling chickens and dancing" was achieved, and he also achieved the great cause of showing his talents and serving the country in the Northern Expedition.

With diligence, Zhang Haidi won the title of "Contemporary Paul", and this contemporary youth who is proficient in the Five Classics and Six Arts has become a model for learning. Didn't Hua, a great mathematician in China, sigh after decades of hard struggle: "One point of hard work, one point of talent, and diligence is a good training"? It can be seen that the difference between mediocrity and great achievements is not a "diligence"? Diligence is like a colorful bridge, leading people from ignorance to knowledge, from knowledge to talent, from talent to prospect. ...

[intensive training]

1. The title of the next paragraph is "Speaking of sacrifice". Please write two conditional sentences after the underlined sentences to make them as neat as possible.

To take over the old soldier's class, the new soldier must first take over Lei Feng's gun-the gun of self-sacrifice. With the sacrifice spirit of "beheading doesn't matter", the truth of socialism can be strengthened and faith, belief and confidence can not be shaken; With ..., we can ..., not ...; Only with ... can ... no ...

2. Imitate the underlined sentences and fill in the sentences at the horizontal lines.

Home is good, but sometimes you have to give up your home for the country. The country is home to thousands of homes in Qian Qian. Limited to _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Today, how many unknown "Dayu" have to stay away from their relatives for the sake of their country and career. From the age of eighteen to near maturity, I needed the warmth and care of my family, but I carried a steel gun on my back and went to the front. There is a son and a brother missing in the family, but there is a cornerstone in the Great Wall of Steel in the Republic of China.

Cultivation of argumentative talents 4

Turning Sentence

The turning sentence we refer to here refers to the combination of two or more turning complex sentences, which either appear in the form of symmetrical sentences or in the form of compound sentence. It is characterized by neat sentence patterns, great momentum and sonorous and rhythmic language.

Because the clauses have opposite meanings, they are particularly suitable for demonstrating the unity of opposites of contradictions, which requires a comprehensive view of the problem, the main contradiction and the secondary contradiction.

For example, a disciple who has all kinds of "trying fish" and has no intention of "netting" will definitely accomplish nothing. Although this truth is simple, it is not clear to everyone. Some people want to be Edison's "king of invention", but they are afraid of the difficulty of delving into scientific knowledge; Some people want to win the title of "king of short stories" after Mo Bosang, but they are afraid of the hardships of practicing calligraphy all the year round; Some people want to become "masters of music" by making a blockbuster, but they are really too lazy to immerse themselves in the field of staff. Some people really want to have a pair of Lang Ping's "iron hammers", but they are lazy in countless spike training. So ambitious, and it is a sparrow trip, even a small fish can't be caught, let alone realize that grand ambition!

-"Idle Fish and Weaving Nets"

[intensive training]

2. Write two turning sentences at the horizontal line.

It's Bole, let him go to Xiangma; It was my master who asked him to solve the cow, not Lu Ban who asked him to make an axe. It's Hua tuo Let him practice medicine. This is called giving full play to one's talents. Bole told him to strike while the iron was hot, Bu Ding told him to plow, and Lu Ban told him to make pottery. It's Hua tuo Let him feed the pigs. That would be a waste of talent. Taking Chen Jingrun as an example, his research on Goldbach's conjecture is world-famous. However, it goes without saying that he was not qualified to be a middle school math teacher in his early years. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _, but _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _; . It can be seen that people can only do their best if they take their places.

3. Read the following materials, and then write as required.

(1) Fan Zhongyan lost his father at the age of two and remarried with his mother. Later, he lived in a temple to study, and even the thick porridge was terrible. He eats porridge every day.

(2) Song Lian, a great scholar in Ming Dynasty, was the first civil servant in the founding of the People's Republic of China and was famous overseas. When he was a child, his family was poor and he had to borrow books from others. In order to be a teacher, he often travels hundreds of miles against the wind and snow.

(3) Danish fairy tale writer Andersen was born in a shoemaker's family, naked and poor, and lived in a coffin bed since childhood.

(4) Madame Curie, who won the Nobel Prize twice and was called the mother of radium, just turned ten and went to work to read to her sister.

(5) Van Gogh, a Dutch painter, is also a penniless man who often relies on his brother's help in his life.

(6) When Wu wrote The Scholars, his family was poor, and he could only make a living by pawning clothes, selling goods and giving alms to friends. It is very cold in winter, there is no fire to keep warm at home, and it is unbearable to write books at night. He often runs around the moon to keep warm.

Requirements: Some people often use poor family conditions as an excuse for being difficult to become a talent. Please choose an appropriate example from the above six cases and write a rebuttal with a turning sentence.

4. Write two more examples after imitating the sentence patterns of underlined sentences.

Unity is strength.

If every member puts the collective interests first and closely unites around the collective, then he can do something beyond his power and be invincible. Ants can be regarded as very weak insects, but millions of ants can easily engulf a village; ____________________; __________________ 。 Unity is strength. No matter how great the individual strength is, it is also small compared with the collective strength.

________________________________________

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Argumentative literary talent training 5

Causal sentence

This is a parallelism sentence composed of causal sentences. It has not only the sentence characteristics of parallelism, but also the reasoning characteristics of causal analysis. But no matter from which point of view, it is decided that it must use the related word of causal sentence: "because …". Of course, only causal conjunctions can appear, which does not constitute parallelism.

Career is an immortal monument to life. The history of mankind tells us that people who leave a good reputation always create lasting careers. Confucius, Sima Qian and Lu Xun were praised from generation to generation because they added wealth to the treasure house of national culture; Qu Yuan, Yue Fei and Zheng Chenggong went down in history because they left great patriotism for the Chinese nation. Li Zicheng, Hong Xiuquan and Sun Yat-sen are immortal because they promoted the progress of history. Cai Lun, Lifelong and Zu Chongzhi will always be remembered by the people because they contributed their intelligence and wisdom in the field of science and left inexhaustible inventions for future generations. Whoever makes a career beneficial to mankind will build a monument to life.

[intensive training]

1. Write a causal sentence for the horizontal line.

At first glance, Columbus's talk is almost absurd, but as he himself said, "This is the simplest thing anyone can do-but only after someone has done it." Isn't this the case: things in the world are only between "doing" and "not doing", and the most valuable thing is who can "do the best in the world"? Peng Ruishu, a scholar in the Qing Dynasty, once said in the article "For Learning": "Is it difficult to do things in the world? If you do it, it is easy to be difficult. If you don't do it, it is easy to be difficult. " That's right. Is that so? Because of it, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _; It is precisely because of this that _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. Because of this, a weak woman with high paraplegia has become a contemporary Paul who is proficient in "six arts"; Because of this, the feat of drifting in the Yangtze River appeared in the rolling torrent; Because of this, China has stepped out of the pace of reform ... It can be seen that "doing" is the foundation of the cause, the cause of the cause, and an indispensable magic weapon for the success of the cause!

2. In the abridged figures in the second paragraph, continue to write the following with causal sentences.

Although the amount of measurement is large, how can it be tolerated?

I have seen a couplet from newspapers and magazines many times: a big belly can accommodate the intolerable things in the world, and I am kind to Chang Xiaoxiao, a ridiculous person in the world. This is about Maitreya. It's really good to say that Maitreya has a big belly ... Although it's a little bigger, it's too big to carry. Looking back, it is not difficult to find that there are many intolerable things in the world, because _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

3. It would be nice if we could use three causal sentences to form a parallelism. When you can't, you can't force it. The following two examples are paragraphs analyzed by two causal sentences. Try to supplement these two causal sentences according to the semantics of the context.

(1) Have you ever seen a mountain? It is so majestic; Have you ever seen the sea? He's amazing! The mountain is high because _ _ _ _ _ _ _; The sea is wide because it is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. If you want to have mountain-like feelings and profound knowledge like the sea, you must be good at finding mentors and absorbing their little strengths from life.

-Thoughts on Reading Six Analects of Confucius

(2) If you don't understand in life, you can also use tolerance instead, so if you don't understand in your career, it will bring mental pain to people. Faced with the ridicule of the world, different people make different choices, which is the difference between a brave man and a coward. Bruno preached the truth and was burned to death on the cross; The reform of commercial seedlings led to the end of "dismemberment"; Plato advocated peace and was reduced to slavery, while Lei Feng forgot himself. Some people regarded him as a "fool". How many people can understand the first act of Yao Maoshu's Floating on the Yangtze River? They were not accepted at first because they were _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

-"Re-discussion on Understanding"

Cultivation of argumentative talents 6

Symmetrical sentence

The so-called symmetrical sentences are sentences that appear in pairs, and the number of words is not required to be completely equal or symmetrical, nor is it required to be completely neat.

In argumentative writing, symmetrical sentences can be used for both reasoning and examples. Because proving arguments requires large and neat sentence patterns and symmetrical structures, training students to use symmetrical sentences consciously can not only improve their ability to hone their language, but also train them to highly summarize cases because of concise evidence. If we say that "the jade is as smooth as jade, and the water is full of pearls and rivers," then the use of symmetrical sentences will also make the article shine.

Countless facts in ancient and modern times have proved a truth. One thing is clear after listening to one thing, and the other thing is dark after listening to another thing. Zou Ji is blunt and sarcastic, and the king of Qi offers a reward for examination. Qi became stronger. Wang Ping sincerely advised, Ma Su was opinionated, and the street pavilion finally fell; Wei Zhi was appointed by Emperor Taizong, and he had to be disciplined by Guan Zhen. Zhu Yuanzhang asked Zhu Sheng for advice. He became king slowly and widely, thus establishing a well-known world. Li Dingming's opinion was adopted and the people supported it. Ma Yinchu's theory has been criticized, the population has soared, and the country has suffered ... These examples have strongly demonstrated the importance of "following good advice"?

As far as the composition of the paragraph is concerned, the first sentence is the beginning, which puts forward the center of the argument: hearing clearly is dark. The last sentence is the ending part, which further emphasizes the center of the paragraph with rhetorical questions. The middle example is the expanded part of the paragraph. They either write and listen to both, or they write partial letters, which are opposite in direction and distinct in latitude and longitude. Not only are the sentences neat, but they are also extremely concise and clear. Moreover, the rugged long and short sentences are ups and downs, which are catchy to read, and can be regarded as the integration of sound beauty, form beauty and meaning beauty, which not only gives people beautiful enjoyment, but also gives people profound enlightenment and thinking.

[intensive training]

1. Complete the following symmetrical sentences.

(1) Pursuit is the garland of life. Life can only soar if it is inserted with the wings of pursuit; Life can only be _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

(2) People with myopia regard material enjoyment as the pleasure of life; Those who are ambitious, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

(3) There are two ways to live, one is to rot and the other is to burn. Decadent people wander freely in the long river of years; _________________,____________________- 。

(4) Time regards the diligent as the main person and escorts him to the door of success; Time is up to _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _-.

(5) Successful flowers bloom in industrious branches; Failed _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _-.

(6) Spring, summer, autumn and winter have merged into a river of years, with ups and downs, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

(7) If you are an empty talker, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _; And the sweat of the cultivator, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

(8) Those who work hard may not succeed; And successful people, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.