At present, it is an indisputable fact that classical Chinese teaching is inefficient. The traditional mode of "every word is implemented and every sentence is clear" allows students to read through, translate word by word, and analyze the theme and writing. Although desirable, it is monotonous and repetitive, which leads to dull and depressing classroom atmosphere. Over time, students are bored and teachers are depressed, so that students don't like classical Chinese and can't understand it.
How to make students fall in love with classical Chinese? The first thing is to revive these ancient characters and leave a deep impression on readers. We can use a metaphor to illustrate: just like the grass after winter, it is yellow and decayed before our eyes, but it is not dead, on the contrary, it has vigorous vitality.
As long as it is nourished by the spring rain, it will flourish immediately and become lush and intoxicating green after the warm spring breeze and warm spring day. The same is true of classical Chinese.
So, how to make classical Chinese teaching glow with new vitality? How to find a spring rain, a spring breeze and a spring day that moistens classical Chinese teaching? Fully preparing lessons every teacher will attend classes, but it is not easy to have a good class, and it is necessary to prepare lessons carefully. 1, prepare the textbook.
That is, teachers understand the author's text, the textbook text and the reader's text on the basis of familiarity with the textbook. We should understand what the author wants to tell us when he creates this article, that is, the author's writing purpose.
Thinking and presupposing problems from the author's standpoint. What should we let students understand and learn in the teaching of this article? That is, the focus and difficulty of teaching.
Stand on the textbook itself to sort out your own teaching ideas and determine the teaching difficulties and teaching methods. What will students (readers) think and gain when they preview or study this article, that is, students' feedback.
Think from the standpoint of students (readers). Doing the above three angles will solve the problem of "what to teach and how to teach", then, preparing lessons will basically be in place.
Step 2 get ready. That is, teachers prepare themselves before teaching. Many times, our lesson preparation often stays in the preparation of teaching materials and ignores ourselves, which leads to unclear classroom teaching ideas, inconspicuous key points and difficulties, and a dead silence.
Preparing ourselves requires us to think about how to guide students, how to transition, how to communicate with students, how to highlight the difficulties in class and so on. When we make our own preparations, we can calmly walk onto the platform. To achieve efficient classroom first and classical Chinese classroom introduction, it is necessary to be rich in changes. Teachers should carefully design the lead-in so that students have enough interest in learning from the beginning.
There are many ways to import, although many teachers know it, but once it is applied to practice, it seems monotonous, just using reality or several questions related to the text to import. Because these two import methods are handy, you don't need to spend too much time thinking.
Although lead-in may not have much to do with the focus of the text, good lead-in determines students' learning attitude towards this lesson. Therefore, teachers should pay attention to lead-in. According to the characteristics of each classical Chinese class, we should adopt the methods of idiom introduction, story telling introduction, classroom discussion introduction, practical operation introduction, ancient and modern similarities and differences introduction, etc., to mobilize students' learning enthusiasm and make them consciously engage in learning.
Second, strengthen reading and cultivate a sense of language. The ancients said, "You can read a book a hundred times before you know its meaning." Su Dongpo also said: "Therefore, you never tire of reading books, and you know yourself when you are familiar with them."
Repetition is an important method for ancient Chinese to learn classical Chinese, and it is also the basic requirement for modern students to learn classical Chinese. The difference in word combinations between classical Chinese and modern Chinese determines that repeated reading is the most effective way to cultivate a sense of language and grasp the meaning of the text initially.
From the psychological point of view, reading is a process in which students go back and forth through brain perception, visual afferent, vocal cord pronunciation, auditory monitoring and brain discrimination. The more familiar students are with written materials, the deeper their understanding and the clearer their meaning.
Tone, rhythm and the author's interest are all expressed through emotional reading. After repeated reading, pondering, thinking and comparing, we can get its essence, know its meaning and appreciate the beauty of language. This is the process of cultivating language sense.
Therefore, in the teaching of classical Chinese, teachers should give students time and opportunities to read repeatedly, and should also teach students reading methods and skills. You can also hold competitions to read classical Chinese regularly to stimulate students' interest in learning Chinese.
Third, return the initiative of learning to students and truly take students as the foundation. In the traditional crosstalk mode, many teachers talk about the end, and students take translation notes in class and take notes after class.
Students' subjectivity and autonomy have not been publicized, and they are always in a passive acceptance position. The author thinks that students should be given the initiative, let them read by themselves, translate according to their notes, and discuss problems with each other. The teacher only explains, emphasizes correction or expounds difficulties and new knowledge points.
Facts have proved that many simple classical Chinese can be read by students through their own reading, understanding, exploration, discussion and thinking. In this kind of autonomous learning, students do not acquire knowledge, but also enhance their self-confidence and cultivate their ability of autonomous learning and cooperative learning. After understanding the main idea of the text, students combine the writing background and other related materials to solve some problems through independent questioning and cooperative inquiry.
Teachers can put forward some problems that students have not noticed but must be solved, and students can explore and solve them themselves. In the process of questioning and solving doubts, students will inevitably strengthen their understanding and thinking about the article.
Fourth, pay attention to the grasp of the thoughts and feelings of the article, and can't "emphasize words over articles". The traditional crosstalk mode focuses on the explanation of words and phrases, "emphasizing words over words".
Qian Menglong, a famous educator in China, said that classical Chinese is first of all a "text", not a bunch of words in classical Chinese. Classical Chinese teaching, of course, should guide students to understand words, but the focus of understanding words is to grasp the meaning of the text more accurately and deeply; Conversely, if you grasp the meaning of the text, you can understand the words better.
The study of classical Chinese is bound to go through a process of "from the outside to the inside, from the inside to the outside" and gradually get a deeper understanding. The reason why classical Chinese can stand the baptism of years and spread to this day is that apart from the concise beauty and phonological beauty of the language, it also inherits a lofty thought and emotion, which in turn will enrich the language connotation and make it more unique.
2. We didn't have a good Chinese class, and the teacher asked us to write "How to have a good Chinese class" for reflection. It is of great significance to have the first Chinese class in junior high school. Although Chinese class is not the first time for students, if the first class can arouse students' interest in learning, stimulate their curiosity about learning Chinese knowledge and make them realize the importance of learning Chinese, it will get twice the result with half the effort for them to learn Chinese in the future. As the saying goes. As Einstein said, "Interest is the best teacher." First of all, we should stimulate interest, arouse the enthusiasm of learning, and further let us know the importance of learning Chinese. Therefore, in this class, we talked about the importance of learning Chinese well from the perspective of accurately expressing language. From interest to understanding the importance of learning Chinese well. Interest is the catalyst of learning, which stimulates interest in learning Chinese and curiosity. Greatly improved the enthusiasm of learning. It introduces the door of knowledge and is an important step to change "I want to learn" into "I want to learn". So in this class, although the content is scattered, the purpose is clear, and the interest in learning stimulated by * * * has laid a solid foundation for the smooth start of work in the future.
3. How to teach classical Chinese in senior high school? How to teach classical Chinese in senior high school? First, read and cultivate emotional suggestions. Students can't recite it, and copying it is useless. You can arrange it once or twice at most. Second, preview and roughly grasp the frame structure. The basis is why the author wrote this article. The emphasis is to analyze how the author's internal thinking combined with the situation at that time to use words specifically, mainly to judge and ask questions. Passive sentences, ellipsis sentences and inversion sentences each have several different forms. Remember the form, which is easy to remember and understand. Third, we should throw a brick to attract jade to learn classical Chinese in class, and work hard on the knowledge of words, phrases and sentence patterns in classical Chinese. Only by accumulating certain knowledge of classical Chinese can we read classical Chinese fluently. Translation and explanation wrap up our ideas, and the framework will probably appear 1, so pay attention to preview.
4. How to teach classical Chinese well? How to make students receive 1 well and speak and write at the same time. Classical Chinese is both a language and a speech. We must persist in grasping both hands, both hands must be hard, and neither can be dispensed with. Without the first point, it becomes a vocabulary analysis of classical Chinese, and students are sleepy; Without the second point, the study of classical Chinese is somewhat empty, which is not conducive to students' inference.
2. Content comes first. The combination of classical Chinese and classical Chinese does not mean that there is no order. Many teachers like to break out word by word to explain to students, or let students translate and break the living text into pieces. We should change this situation, start with the text, let students understand the meaning of the text first, and focus on breaking through the words, so that the outline is always open and the effect is often better.
3. External quotation and inline. Associative method is a magic weapon to learn classical Chinese. It is unpleasant to drive students to connect with life in a sense, such as learning while learning. Drive students to associate a word with other texts, such as the one mentioned above. There are many uses. Contact a few casually, or let the students contact themselves, or let the teacher speak directly and let the students judge. The classroom atmosphere will be relatively active.
How to teach Chinese well? Are you a student or a teacher? I don't know what the students say. If you want to ask me why, because I am not a teacher. Actually, there is no need to take Chinese class. As long as you accumulate more after class, you will do well in the exam, but it depends on what grade you are in Chinese. For example, junior high school should read more phrases, words and recite. In high school, you should read more extracurricular materials and some meaningful books after class. It is helpful for your composition, and 60 points should not be underestimated. In fact, you can read these books in high school. College is different. You spend almost all your time on textbooks and only refresh yourself in class. You should go to the library to help you write more. Unlike high school and junior high school, universities write some papers, summaries and reports. In short, you should learn to "learn".
6. How to teach Chinese in senior high school? I think some students don't listen very carefully in Chinese class, but they do well in Chinese, while some students are more careful in class and do well in dictation, recitation and practice papers according to the teacher's instructions. Although I didn't fail, I didn't get high marks. Why? How can we effectively improve our Chinese performance? Can you be more comprehensive? Chinese learning attaches great importance to the accumulation of time. It can't be very late in the morning. It should be said that it has been accumulated since primary school. If you are now in high school, you need to spend a lot of spare time reading Tang and Song poetry, readers, youth abstracts, aphorisms, new concept compositions, American literature, prose poems and other books, and you should extract and even memorize sentences and words that you feel very much. Be sure to understand carefully why this word can be used here instead of another word. What would happen if it was another word? You will gain a lot by comparison. Don't complain about not knowing how to write a composition and so on. No input, no output. In fact, English learning is the same. Learn words first, then words, then sentences, and finally start writing. Don't say that all the students who have passed the exam are students who don't listen carefully in class. After all, it is only a very small number, and they are likely to have a good accumulation in primary and junior high schools, or their parents have taught them well and like to read books by themselves since childhood. These are all accumulated. As long as you work hard and follow the teacher's instructions carefully, you will certainly make progress, and you won't feel a little progress every day.