On the influence of preschool language education on children's development.
Language is an important tool for human communication and understanding of the world. Preschool period is an important stage of a person's development, and also a critical period of language development, which has a great influence on children's development. We should attach importance to the language education of preschool children. Know his influence on children's development, so as to better contribute to children's development.
Preschool children, language education and child development
Human communication can not be separated from language, and human understanding of the world can not be separated from the bridge of language. Generally speaking, a normal person can naturally acquire his mother tongue in the normal living environment after birth, laying the foundation for his formal study of written language after entering school. Many psychologists and linguists regard the occurrence and development of children's language as an important research field. Some research results show that language learning should be done sooner rather than later. Before the age of twelve, it is an important period for the development of human language. Among them, preschool children are most sensitive to pronunciation, followed by mastering grammar, and their understanding of meaning and pragmatics needs to be continuous in social life.
The development of. Therefore, preschool children's language education has a great influence on children's development. Now I will explain the influence of language education on children's development from the following points.
1. What is language education for preschool children?
From birth to primary school, it is a generalized preschool period (0? 6 years old). The preschool period we talk about every day refers to the period when children go to kindergarten (3? 6 years old), that is, preschool in a narrow sense. Preschool children's language education also has broad sense and narrow sense. Language education for preschool children in a broad sense puts 0? Taking all the language acquisition and learning phenomena, laws, training and education of 6-year-old preschool children as the main research objects. Six-year-olds should strengthen the training of listening, speaking, reading and writing. Narrow sense of preschool children's language education only puts 3? The process of 6-year-old children mastering oral mother tongue, especially 3? Six-year-old children's mastery of listening, speaking, training and education in their mother tongue at an early age is the main research object.
Second, the general process and law of preschool children's language development
Through a lot of long-term observation and research by psychologists and children's language educators, it is concluded that no matter where children are born, the language environment they are exposed to after birth, the time to master the language and the level of intellectual development, children have certain rules to master their mother tongue, and the process of mastering their mother tongue is very similar. The law of children's language development can be roughly divided into the following stages:
0? 1 year-old is the southern language stage.
The stage of whispering is what we usually call babbling. At this stage, the baby can make all kinds of sounds to himself, but it doesn't mean anything. But at this stage, the baby can understand some facial expressions and intonations of adults, and can respond to some gestures and simple instructions of adults. For example, if an adult shouts loudly, the baby will cry. Adults smile at him, and children will respond positively to this smile.
1 year-old began to speak and entered the stage of enumerating words and sentences.
At this stage, the sentences spoken by children are composed of one word, which has different meanings in different language environments. For example:? Mom? Can you express it in children's language? Mom's back? ,? Mom, give my mom a hug. I want to eat? Wait, or? Apple? Can you express it? Is that an apple? ,? I want to eat apples. Can I give you an apple? Wait a minute. The sentence-making stage of words generally lasts for half a year.
After about 1 year and a half, it enters the complex sentence stage.
Complex sentence, also called telegraph sentence, is an incomplete sentence composed of two words and sometimes three words. It has basic syntactic elements such as subject, predicate and object, but it is often abbreviated and interrupted in use. The structure is incomplete, and some parts of the subject, predicate and object are often omitted, so it is called? Double? Words. Two-word sentences have two forms: one is a sentence around the subject, adding an action, an attribute or a state to the subject, such as? Baby hands? 、? Throw away the doll? Wait, what's this called? Main sentence? ; The other is a statement that only expresses one action without using a subject, such as? Eat? 、? Going to the streets? 、? Kick a ball? Wait a minute.
During this period, the baby's enthusiasm for learning to speak is very high, and he is also curious about the things around him. Parents should create various opportunities to encourage their babies to speak in their daily lives and express their needs and feelings. Parents should respond positively to their children's performance. When the baby says words, he can hold the corresponding things and tell him complete sentences to stimulate the baby's language center.
4. About two and a half years later, it is close to the real sentencing stage.
Content words only use content words, not function words, and the number of words can be more than two. For example:? Mom gave dad a hug? Wait a minute.
At the age of 5, he entered the adult sentence stage.
At this stage, Russian children's language acquisition process has been basically completed, and they can express what they want to say correctly and completely.
Third, the influence of preschool children's language education on children's development
Preschool children's language education promotes the development of children's cognitive ability. Preschool children's language education and cognitive ability promote each other and develop together. On the one hand, children's cognitive development level determines the level of language development. Children can only master situational language in the early stage of operation, and it is possible to master coherent language in the specific stage of operation. Mastering abstract words and grammar depends on cognitive development. On the other hand, once language is understood and mastered by individuals, it can promote and accelerate the development of cognition, mainly by increasing the speed, breadth and intensity of cognition, making the cognitive process extremely flexible and universal. Without this tool, personal cognition will always stay at the personal psychological level. As Piaget said? Language has double meanings: it is both a concentrated symbol and a social adjustment. In this dual sense, language has become an indispensable factor for the precise development of thinking. ? Through different activities of language education, a lot of information in children's minds will be expressed by specific words, and their minds will have the characteristics of those things, which is a development of their cognitive ability.
Language education for preschool children promotes children's emotional and social development. Language is an important tool for human communication. People express their thoughts and feelings through language and complete communication and exchange with others. Therefore, language education is an important way to promote the development of preschool children's social adaptability. Through language education, children can learn to use the social rules of language communication, such as polite language and different ways of speaking in different occasions. Through language education, let children master more communication skills, let children express freely and not be afraid. In this situation, children can freely and boldly express their thoughts and feelings, and are more easily accepted and loved by their peers, and establish good interpersonal relationships with most people, thus promoting children's social development.
The language education of preschool children has an important influence on children's development. We should always pay attention to children's language development, proceed from the development goal of language education, formulate reasonable language education content for preschool children according to the law of language development of preschool children, and use systematic and effective methods and educational channels to carry out language education for children.
References:
1 Zhang Minghong Pre-school Children's Language Education Revision
2 Chen's "preschool psychology"