Investigation report on rural folk customs

—— Comparative analysis of Jinqiao Village in Yongjia furong village and Jingning She Autonomous County in Lishui.

Furong Ancient Village is located on both sides of Xianqing Highway in the south of Yantou Town, Yongjia County. It is the oldest village in nanxi river, built in the late Tang Dynasty and laid out on the flat land. It is planned and designed according to the idea of "seven stars and eight fights", which means that the stars in the sky correspond to people on the ground, and the stars build platforms and half-cut pools as symbols. Up to now, it still follows the pattern of "clan society" with one village and one surname formed from the Song Dynasty, and its folk customs are unique. This summer vacation, Wenzhou University's practice team of "Studying in Furong and Writing in Furong" went into furong village, the oldest ancient village in Yongjia nanxi river, to investigate the local folk customs.

Qiu Jin Village, located in Fengjinshan, Zhao Town, Jingning She Autonomous County, is one of the most concentrated places of She nationality, with a strong rural flavor of She nationality. She people call themselves "Shanha", which means customers who live in the mountains. It is said that the ancestor of the She nationality is Tiger Pan, who has no written language of his own, but has his own language. She nationality is a nation that can sing and dance well. They use songs to talk, use songs to tell, use songs to express their feelings, and use songs to enjoy.

First, clan culture As we all know, ancient villages are precious historical and cultural heritage, and it is a miracle that ancient villages in nanxi river can be preserved so completely. It is worth mentioning that furong village still follows the pattern of "clan society" with one village and one surname formed from the Song Dynasty, which is another miracle. Chen's origin in furong village is recorded in Chen's genealogy: "At the end of the Tang Dynasty, in order to avoid troubled times, Chen and his wife migrated from Yongjia County to the deep ravine along nanxi river to Furong Peak. They only saw water in front of the belt, shamao rock behind the belt, three dragons grabbing the ball, and four waters returning to the pond, so they built a house to settle down. " The so-called "horizontal water belt" refers to nanxi river, which is not far from Furong Peak and stretches like a jade belt in front of the mountain. In the eyes of the ancients, this is not only a crystal clear river, but also a symbol of a belt that only court officials have. If you live here, your descendants will be great officials. The so-called "Shamao Rock" refers to the two cliffs behind the three peaks of Furong Peak, which are shaped like shamao and are undoubtedly symbols of the land of Feng Shui. She people in the village have surnames such as "Pan, Lan, Lei and Zhong", all of which belong to bloodline. The four surnames of She nationality come from a fairy tale "The Dragon King (Qi) and the Princess". The story mainly tells that Yincui gorge and Qilong got married and gave birth to three men and one woman. At this time, all the "hundreds of surnames" in the world were used up, and the child did not have a surname. Yincui gorge asked Wang to change her surname: the eldest son was born the following spring. "Children are more beautiful than tracts, tracts are more beautiful than spring. Let's call this child Pan! " The second child was born in the autumn of the third year. "In autumn, the sky is blue and the water is clear. The children in the basket are beautiful and beautiful. This child is called' blue'! " In the summer of the fourth year, "after the rain, everything flourished." Children, children, in the past, your father was in Leili Feilong, and now you were born in Leili. You must be a capable person in the future. Just call yourself' Ray'! In the "winter of the fifth year", the bell can drive away the winter night and usher in the New Year. "Son, son, your name is Zhong!" Yincui gorge said to the four children, "Pan, Lan, Lei and Zhong are close relatives. Their surnames are all given by Wang, and Qi Xin will be wanted for generations."

Second, the production customs

(1) The cultural custom of farming and reading in furong village The ancient village of Furong is surrounded by mountains and waters, and agriculture is the mainstay, which is reflected in the ingenious layout of water conservancy facilities, which not only prevents drought and waterlogging, but also irrigates farmland, facilitates life and beautifies the environment. Let the water combine with furong village, let the water flow near the villagers in Furong, let the villagers live by the water, and let people realize the beauty and movement of water, which has the characteristics of Yongjia ancient farming and reading culture.

(II) The custom of mountain cultivation in Qiu Jin Village Before the founding of New China, the She people generally lived on hillsides and halfway up the mountain, and cultivated mountains and fields, mainly engaged in agriculture and forestry. They farm, eat, weave and dress by themselves, and the women are very hardworking. However, often after a hard year, I still don't have enough to eat and don't wear warm clothes.