1. What are the common varieties of watermelon?
Hainan Island is the main producing area in the south. According to its unique climate characteristics, watermelons are rich and varied all year round. In the north, the main planting belt is along the Yellow River. The land on both sides of the Yellow River is fertile, and sandy soil is most suitable for watermelon growth. The melons produced are sweet and sandy. Up to Lanzhou, Gansu, down to Shaanxi, Hebei, Henan and Shandong. Shandong is the main producing area of watermelon, mainly concentrated in Liaocheng, Dongming, Weifang, Changle, Dezhou, Surabaya and other places in the west of Shandong.
1, Xin Jing series: medium-early maturing variety with nearly round fruit, also known as mine melon. Red meat melon has high sweetness and excellent taste, and is the most popular and ideal variety in all parts of the country.
2. Admiralty Guanlong: a mid-late maturing variety with oval fruit with dark green stripes, good taste and good transportation resistance. It is very popular all over the country, and its pulp is bright red.
3. Xinhongbao: Xinhongbao is a late-maturing variety with oval fruit, light green skin, large fruit shape, bright red flesh, crisp quality and not easy to crack. Known as the trump card watermelon in melon, it is very popular in remote areas.
4. Shoushan: Medium-ripe variety, oval fruit, turquoise skin, single melon weighing 8 kg, strong moisture resistance, thin skin, storage and transportation resistance, red flesh, crisp and sweet taste.
5. Red Xiaoyu: Red Xiaoyu pocket watermelon, an early-maturing variety, with tall fruit, single melon weighing 2 kg, thin skin, dark green skin, pink flesh, sugar content as high as 13 degrees, sandy flesh and good quality.
6, black beauty: oval, small melon, melon skin is pure black.
7, seedless watermelon: round, melon skin stripes.
8. Watermelon with flower skin: oval, large, with light green and dark green skin.
9. Short Phoenix: round, with striped melon belt and yellow flesh.
10, honey treasure: spherical, dark green skin, waxy powder on the surface when mature, red flesh, crisp and sweet and juicy.
1 1, Lebao: round, dark green peel, red pulp, dense and crisp.
12, Shi Lei 5 1 1: This watermelon seed is the best comprehensive watermelon seed in China at present, with large fruit shape, no cracking, good taste, high sugar content, thin skin, dark color and clear stripes. Most watermelon producing areas in China can be planted. Variety characteristics: the newly cultivated middle-early maturing variety is large in fruit type, ripe about 30 days after flowering, with beautiful dark green skin color, clear black stripes, round fruit, red flesh, thin and tough skin, up to 40 kg, central sugar content 13 degree and lateral sugar content/kloc-0. Both north and south can be planted.
2. Which soil types are suitable for watermelon planting?
Common soil types in watermelon planting
1, sandy land
The water content of sandy soil is above 89%, and that of fine soil is less than 15%. Sandy soil has fast temperature rise and good permeability, but poor fertilizer retention ability and is prone to drought. In the late growth stage of watermelon, you can't meet the growth demand of watermelon, which leads to premature senescence of watermelon. For sandy soil, pond sludge can be improved by adding more fertilizers and trace elements to improve the soil and avoid premature senescence of watermelon. Sandy soil is suitable for planting early-maturing and crack-resistant watermelon varieties, and it is easy to sit on melons.
2. Clay land
The advantage of fine soil content is better. Soil with less sediment content has poor permeability, slow recovery at low temperature, slow seedling growth and sometimes no detailed seedling growth. However, this kind of soil has strong water and fertilizer conservation ability, and the soil has stamina, which is conducive to the healthy growth of watermelon plants. Clay land is suitable for planting mid-late maturity and high yield watermelon varieties or seedless watermelon varieties.
3. Newly reclaimed land
For newly reclaimed land, it is necessary to dig deep for many times, plough through the soil depth, apply more organic fertilizer and apply appropriate nitrogen fertilizer in the early stage; The newly reclaimed land should have water conservancy facilities to meet the demand for water and fertilizer for watermelon growth.
4, saline-alkali land
When watermelon is planted in saline-alkali land, good soil can be used as a melon pier near the planting hole to form local low-salt soil, which is beneficial to the normal growth of watermelon seedlings. Water watermelon seedlings for the first time in time after transplanting to reduce salt damage; Mow the ground and loosen the soil regularly to reduce the alkali return caused by water evaporation.
5. Hills and mountains
After deep ploughing in hilly areas, planting ditches and applying organic fertilizer to increase the depth of plough layer is beneficial to improve the ability of soil water and fertilizer conservation; When planting watermelon, plastic film cultivation can effectively keep warm and moisturize; Watermelon planting should be trimmed slightly to expand the vegetative area of the plant.
6. Continuous cropping land
Continuous cropping cannot be used when watermelon is planted, which may easily lead to wilt and reduce watermelon yield or crop failure; Watermelon can be planted with varieties resistant to continuous cropping, and can also be grafted with rootstocks such as pumpkin gourd.