Li He, a "genius" in the Tang Dynasty, wrote more than 200 brilliant poems, which were unconventional and unique in style, forming his own "dragon auspicious style". This paper discusses the art of Li He's poems: unique imagination and strange conception; Quiet and hazy, magnificent and cold artistic conception; Vivid, ingenious, magical and extraordinary image.
There are many famous poets in the Tang Dynasty, and there are countless immortal poems. In this flowery poetry garden, there is a dazzling flower, that is, Li He's poem.
Li He (790-8 16) was a unique romantic poet in the middle Tang Dynasty. In the dilemma of career and poverty and illness, he only spent 27 years of his life. Although his life was short, Li He, as the "grandson of the Tang King", witnessed the chaos of state affairs, the decline of the country, and his own ups and downs, so he was furious. He integrated this kind of thought and emotion into his own creation, forming a poetic style of "dragon auspicious style" Li He's genius is magical. He combines the past with the present and creates his own way. With his extraordinary creativity, he left more than 240 poems for people, which stood out from the crowd in the history of Tang poetry and was far behind by future generations. Li He's poems have always been praised by later generations and are highly respected. Li He is an important figure who changed his poetic style from the mid-Tang Dynasty to the late Tang Dynasty. He will shine forever in the poetry circles of the Tang Dynasty and the history of China's poetry.
Li He's poems have high artistic achievements, aesthetic value and enduring charm. To sum up, there are the following artistic features:
First, the imagination is rich and unique, and the conception is bizarre, which brings people into a mysterious and colorful artistic realm.
As a romantic poet, Li He's imagination is wonderful. The time and space imagined by the poet is boundless and unconstrained. Nature, immortals, legends and ghosts are all reproduced in his works. "Looking at nine cigarettes in qi zhou in the distance, a cup of diarrhea in the sea" and "Mossy rocks on the roots of clouds, cold red tears and charming cries" are all veiled by his imagination.
Li He's imagination in writing the world of ghosts and gods shows his extraordinary creativity. Ghosts and gods in the world of ghosts and gods have extraordinary costumes and abilities, but they all have mortal manners and emotions. This image is illusory and true, and the charm of romanticism is vividly displayed.
Hegel once said: "The most outstanding artistic skill is the artist's imagination." [1] Marx called "imagination" "a great talent to strongly promote the development of classification" [2]. Li He's poems are full of passion and thoughts. No matter what theme, through the poet's rich imagination and completely different artistic ideas, the picture is colorful and superimposed with new ideas. In Tang poetry, many vivid metaphors and peculiar exaggerations come from the poet's rich imagination. Li Bai and Li He are both models. However, the biggest difference between Li He and Li Bai is that the imagination of Li He's poems is very strange, and he skillfully uses a lot of synaesthesia to make people understand objective things more comprehensively and clearly, thus obtaining a higher level of aesthetic enjoyment. Make the work more artistic and shocking, and achieve the effect of attacking people's hearts and spleen. For example, Listening to Piano Music was written by Li He after listening to the piano performance in Chang 'an as Feng. It describes Ying Shi's wonderful piano sound and praises his superb piano skills. In the poem, many artistic techniques are used to describe the fortune of Qin, such as "talking about the two winds" and "knocking on the water and jade", as well as the martial arts of "carrying a sword and long bridge" and the calligraphy of "immersion", which is refreshing. There is also the use of synaesthesia to write hearing with vision. A Farewell to Clouds, Leaves of Hibiscus and Autumn Leaves are used to describe the quiet and beautiful sound of the piano, and the King of Yue swims in the sky at night and the fairy rides a deer across the river to describe the lightness and elegance of the piano rhyme. It is even more ingenious and amazing. The use of synaesthesia makes this poem inspiring, interesting and lasting.
Another example is "Dream of Heaven", in which the poet imagines the dim light of the moon as the tears of toads and rabbits, and depicts the clouds in the sky as magnificent buildings. For example, the phrase "the jade wheel shows wet light" refers to the moon floating in the clouds as "the jade wheel shows dew", which is really whimsical. "Dream of Heaven" is not only unique in image, but also unique in conception. It's strange to invite you to visit the Moon Palace. It is even more strange to suddenly turn to the exploration of philosophy; In artistic conception, it is different from Li Bai's "XIX". As a sleepwalking poem, Li Bai's poems have two parts: one is illusory, the other is real, and the other is illusory, while Li He's poems are more subtle. Li Jian said: "On Changji, every word is a genius, but it is a fairy tale. Li Bai is far behind, and Kyushu is a wonder of the ages." Under the poet's pen, the poetic taste instrument is meaningful, fascinating and has a sense of leisure.
Jin Ping Mei Han Song is a famous poem by Li He. The metaphor of "Remembering the monarch and clearing tears like lead water" is extraordinary, vividly writing the pain of nostalgia and parting of the golden bronze immortals-tears dripping. The sentence "If there is love in the sky, the sky will be old" is particularly fantastic in imagination, expressing the ruthless feelings of history. Its artistic charm lies in its multi-layer implication, moral and profound philosophy. Because of its unique style, it has become a swan song throughout the ages. In "Luofushan and Gepian", it is used to describe the hot, humid and steaming weather in summer, which is unbearable. In Song of Beauty Combing Her Hair, a cloud of fragrant silk scattered on the ground is used to describe the moment when a beauty combs her hair and removes her mane in front of the mirror. In Yang Sheng's Song of Blue-and-White Purple Inks, he praised Duanzhou masons' skill in cutting inkstones with "stepping on the sky to sharpen the knife and cut ziyun". In Li He's works, the sun will make a glass-like sound, shining stars will float on the Milky Way, flowing clouds will learn the sound of running water in the world and so on. , fully shows the poet's fantastic imagination, exquisite thinking and amazing charm.
Second, the mysterious and hazy artistic conception, magnificent and desolate, creates aesthetic characteristics of meaning and artistic conception, and gives people profound spiritual enlightenment and aesthetic taste.
The realm of Li He's poems is mysterious and hazy, which makes people think endlessly, blurred like a dream, with boundless imagination and multi-layered implications. This is similar to that of Li Shangyin, but the difference between Li Heshi and Li Shangyin is that Li Heshi constitutes a magnificent and desolate artistic conception. Li He's poems are beautiful, moving in silence, giving people a pleasing feeling.
A series of allusions in the poem "The Rhyme of Wang Liping" make people feel like falling in the fog. If we know its allusions, we can know the author's exquisite skills. The center of the poem is Ping Li's superb acting skills, and the author describes them everywhere according to the artistic effect of the performance-clouds don't flow, Motome of Shunji is melancholy, her voice is as round as jade, as round as lotus dew, and her smile is like vanilla ... All these have to mobilize the imagination of readers to improve the performance effect that is not mentioned in the poem. This kind of allusion is flexible and free, and turns into a poetic soul. At the same time, many allusions have "multi-subjectivity" and their expressions are more profound and lofty.
His poems are obscure and profound. For example, Gao, a Wushan poet, took the reader's feelings to heaven at the beginning. The goddess Yao Ji is the protagonist in the poem. Her whereabouts are vague and she doesn't care about old feelings. "Walking for a thousand years" and "Chu Soul" went back and forth in the gorge in vain, and she could only "dream". The image of Yao Ji in the poem is purely freehand, without any description, but her whereabouts and charm seem to be visible. In this way, the "taste outside the taste" is extremely strong. The sentence "Chu soul seeks dreams" is very cold. The whole creation is unique and novel.
The difference between Li He's poems and Li Shangyin's lies in the mysterious and gloomy atmosphere and the magnificent and cold artistic conception, which fully expresses the poet's boredom, depression, desolation and anger towards a morbid society. For example, in front of the poem "Into the Wine", there is a wonderful smoke picture of a banquet. The scene is colorful, giving people a strong sense of understanding. Wine and beauty, singing and dancing, the joy of life seems to be so much, but in the end, with a sudden change of pen, the idea of death and the sadness of death are actually introduced, a bitter and resentful mood. In "Qiu Lai", the poet deeply feels that youth is fleeting, and no one appreciates the thoughts of spitting and lamenting. Only the souls of ancient poets who are in the same boat come to comfort each other, which means that there is a feeling of compassion for others and it is an eternal gift. Sad thoughts and beautiful artistic conception strengthen Leng Yan's strangeness and beauty.
Thirdly, vivid, ingenious, magical and extraordinary images give people a strong artistic appeal.
All art must be vivid, so that people can really feel the connotation of the work. The image that constitutes artistic characteristics is the image in poetry. Image is the attachment of the soul and the coincidence of the inside story and the outside scene. Images include realistic images reconstructed according to real scenes of life and surreal images that jump out of natural life. Many poets create with realistic images, but few with surrealist images. Li He was the only one who dared to use surreal images in the Tang Dynasty. The successful creation of novel images makes Li He an outstanding poetic genius.
Li He's Song of the Old Lady Picking Jade, Bai Juyi's Selling Charcoal and Wei's Picking Jade define different artistic realms. The Charcoal Man tells the story of the old man selling charcoal in strict accordance with the development order of the story, which implies an allegory of current politics and is not active in ideology, but this realistic image lacks creativity and poetic aesthetic value, and so does Wei's Jade Picking. Li He, who also writes about the sufferings of people's livelihood, is an artistic expression of the poet's anxiety and anger internalization. The poet has an extraordinary imagination and a painful style. The surreal image of "the old man is hungry and cold, and the blue stream is innocent" is constructed, and it is expounded that the old man who has gathered jade in the blue stream for many years has stirred up the water of dragon and tiger leaping, but it is difficult to fill the desire of the ruler. "The water of the blue stream hates strangers, but hates the stream after a thousand years." The poet seems to be saying that the water in Blue Creek has forged an incomprehensible resentment with the working people. In fact, it is a subtle quip of the poet to inspire people, euphemistically and implicitly point out who is the culprit, and express his deep hatred for the ruler by hating Xiaoxi, which is even more ingenious. This surreal image endows Lanxi with humanity, leaving a rich imagination space, so as to appreciate its interest and produce pleasant aesthetic pleasure. This is the beauty of Li Heshi's magical image.
refer to
Zhang Fuqing. Aesthetic exploration of Tang poetry [M]. China Press, 2000.
[2] Tong Qingbing. Introduction to literature [M]. Wuhan University Press, 1989.
[3] Liu Kaiyang. Style of Tang poetry [M]. Shanghai Bookstore Press, 2000.