Mechanical drawing examination paper in vocational high school 1? Mechanical drawing? teaching
Mechanical drawing is an important technical basic course in vocational schools, and it is also a common technical language in engineering. Its knowledge is very flexible and runs through all aspects of the whole professional teaching. Learning mechanical drawing well plays a great role in improving students' spatial thinking ability and spatial conception ability, so teachers must have rich theoretical knowledge and skills, fully mobilize students' enthusiasm and initiative, organically combine theory with practice, and solve various problems encountered in drawing.
First, cultivate students' interest.
Interest is the best teacher. So the first class is very important. At present, many textbooks begin with introduction, introducing the task and purpose of this book. Students will lose half their interest when they listen. From junior high school to senior high school, the constant number of words makes many students lose interest, so students will become interested when they see the topic of mechanical drawing. But if we blindly adopt conventional education, it will definitely dampen students' enthusiasm. Introduce in another way, for example, give some simple appliances in life, such as TV sets, computers and other things that students are interested in, cut in slowly, discuss with each other, and constantly attract students' attention, then your first class will be successful, and students will still be interested in listening to the second class. When you finish a content, arrange some flexible topics, such as finding simple machines in life and saying the basic shapes. Waiting until the next class to discuss with them can stimulate students' interest, cultivate their observation ability and lay the foundation for learning the following content well. A good beginning is half the battle. In the classroom, students should study in the spirit of exploration, establish an equal relationship between teachers and students, establish self-confidence in learning, and constantly encourage students to learn and discover.
Second, pay attention to the skills and atmosphere in class.
Language is the main tool for teachers to impart knowledge. The most taboo in classroom teaching is rote memorization and scripted lectures, otherwise students can concentrate in the first ten minutes, but most students can't guarantee the rest of the time. Mechanical drawing is an exception, because many knowledge points are not linked together, so sometimes you can change the order of your class, so that you can use all kinds of knowledge points flexibly, and students are particularly energetic in learning. For example, when talking about airplanes, we can compare airplanes to a blackboard, to sitting on the back of a classmate in front, to a desktop, and so on. Speaking of lines, you can compare tree trunks to lines, chalk to lines, and so on. Students can also give their own examples and try to teach knowledge in easy-to-understand language. The classroom atmosphere should not be underestimated, and actively mobilizing the atmosphere is the embodiment of teachers' ability. Connect the knowledge points with the topics that students are interested in, and let students participate in them. Students will naturally take the initiative to learn. The cadence of language is also an important means to adjust the atmosphere. For example, when talking about slope and taper, we should pay special attention to the direction of its labeling symbols to highlight its importance. Therefore, teachers should be good at entertaining in class, combining knowledge with interest, making teaching attractive and appealing, making students sound interested, arousing students' curiosity and stimulating their interest. At the same time, we should repeatedly emphasize the test sites to ensure the accuracy of the exam. Therefore, teachers should be the masters of language, use vivid language to enliven the atmosphere, firmly attract students' attention, make the abstract theory concrete step by step, and popularize profound truth.
Third, improve students' learning efficiency.
Students are often anticlimactic when learning drawing, so many students will lose their enthusiasm when the questions change and choose to give up when the questions are complicated. Therefore, teachers must give targeted explanations in class, choose typical topics and let students master them skillfully. There are not many topics in the course, but the essence is good. Even if one topic is taught in one class, the effect is good and the students' efficiency is high. In this way, students' spatial thinking ability will be improved step by step and practiced continuously. There are many ways, such as teaching? Fill the view, fill the lines? With the help of rubber, students can analyze problems with shape analysis method, and combine their spatial thinking ability to fill in the views or missing lines step by step. This method is more traditional, but more intuitive. There is also the method of group discussion. When encountering a difficult topic, the teacher can divide the students into several groups, and let the students discuss and analyze the body collectively, so as to get the correct body. This method can improve students' initiative, produce good competitive psychology and mobilize students' thinking ability well. Then there is learning evaluation. What are the difficulties for students to master this kind of topic? Making their own evaluation can arouse their enthusiasm for learning. Teachers can also evaluate students in the form of encouragement, so as to establish students' confidence and enhance their learning motivation. There are various teaching methods, but we should constantly change the methods according to the students' foundation to prevent students' visual and auditory fatigue, so that the efficiency of listening to lectures will continue to rise and the accuracy of topics will continue to rise.
Fourth, use modern teaching methods.
In the past, models and wall charts were used in class, which could not directly express the three-dimensional nature of machine parts, and students might be vague in mastering them. Multimedia teaching or CAD teaching can stimulate students' enthusiasm from the senses, thus cultivating students' spatial thinking ability and conception ability. Teachers can make models in teaching materials, or teach students to use drawing tools or software, which can not only improve classroom efficiency, but also enable students to learn relevant knowledge, especially when encountering cross-sectional types, which can be presented intuitively with the help of Flash, such as the method steps and labeling methods of cross-sections, and can repeatedly play anatomy when encountering difficult graphics to understand its methods. Adopting modern teaching can save teachers' drawing time and improve teaching quality and efficiency.
Fifth, the problem feedback is solved in time.
Students often have more or less lines when drawing and editing lines. After a period of practice, focus on the problems that are easy to make mistakes, so that students' problems can be solved in time. If problems accumulate, students' enthusiasm will fade and eventually lead to loss of interest. Therefore, teachers should often check students' homework after class, constantly revise and supplement their own teaching, and at the same time cultivate students' ability to find, analyze and solve problems, so as to give full play to students' spatial thinking ability. For students who often make mistakes, we should inspire their confidence and constantly affirm their progress. Teachers should not show impatience and discouragement. Students will get twice the result with half the effort through positive infection.
Learning mechanical drawing has certain requirements for students and teachers. The establishment of students' interest and the mobilization of their enthusiasm are largely related to teachers. Therefore, teachers should master a variety of teaching modes, constantly enrich and develop their own skills, choose the appropriate teaching mode according to different teaching objectives and contents, fully prepare lessons, study hard, do a good job in each class, and fully reflect the charm of the classroom. Only under the guidance of teachers can students have autonomy in learning. Interest is the internal cause, and the teacher's encouragement is the external cause. They should cooperate with each other and adopt advanced classroom technology to improve students' painting level.
References:
[1] On the teaching of mechanical drawing. China academic.
[2] Yong Huang. How to improve students' attention in classroom teaching? Literature lovers, 20 10. 12.
[3] Yin. On problem teaching in Chinese teaching in primary schools. Literature lovers, 20 10.6438+02.
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