Current location - Education and Training Encyclopedia - Graduation thesis - How was the naval gun aimed before the fire control radar appeared in World War II?
How was the naval gun aimed before the fire control radar appeared in World War II?
Optical measurement of distance

To put it bluntly, the shooting director is a dashboard with many hands and dials, which represent various instructions issued by the shooting command/calculation center. In the decisive battle at sea in World War II, in order to kill the target the most, the battleship adopted the way of salvo of the main guns of the whole ship. The firing commander is responsible for coordinating the main guns. In the closed turret, the gunner doesn't know where the enemy is and needs someone to tell him.

After the captain gives the battle order, he specifies the primary target; The rangefinder began to identify the targets in the enemy fleet and measure the distance, and reported the results to the shooting command/calculation center (equivalent to the artillery battalion command).

The calculation center selects the required shell type according to the nature of the target; The distance of the target, the speed and course of the enemy and us, the wind direction and wind speed, etc. , calculate the horizontal/elevation angle of the gun and the required amount of gun. If the calculation is more accurate, the errors caused by different turrets and different positions before and after should also be considered.

These data are called "shooting elements", and the calculation center inputs the elements into the shooting director and gives them to the turret. The receiver of the turret shooting director will display various data on the dashboard, such as what shells should be used, how much propellant should be loaded, how much elevation angle, and how much turning angle ... Then the turret group commander will inform all posts and the gunners will start to get busy. It's a bit like ordering in a restaurant. The second waiter will inform the kitchen chef of the guest's order. It's over there.

When the turret is ready, check the data of the director's department and feed it back to the shooting center after confirmation. At this point, the signal lights representing the turrets will light up on the console of the representative of the command center until all turrets are ready and the commanding officer gives the shooting order. All turrets will lie in front of the horn and wait for the password. When everyone hears it, they will volley.