The spread of Christianity in China;

The spread of Christianity in China can be traced back to Nestorianism in the Tang Dynasty.

! The main contents of the early spread of western music culture in China.

1) Tribute musical instruments: organ, clavichord, etc. (bringing western musical instruments)

2) Knowledge of notation and music theory: Xu Risheng's first works are Chinese and Western music theory works "Outline of Law and Lu Zheng" and "The Continuation of Law and Lu Zhengyi"

3) Music scores and works: Western Christian songs such as hymns.

Compile all kinds of Chinese and English poems of Wensheng.

Music lessons in missionary schools

The establishment of the new army band

I 65438+Shanghai Gong * * wind band in 1980s, now Shanghai Symphony Orchestra.

Second, the Hurd band

3. China New Military Band: 1898 Yuan Shikai established a new military band in tianjin railway station.

Fourthly, the influence of military bands: army-school-social life.

Music education in the new school

First of all, missionary schools

Second, according to historical records, as early as 1842, there were religious schools in Hong Kong offering music classes.

Third, Dengzhou Cultural Club.

Fourth, the new schools after the founding of the Republic of China.

School music songs

First, the rise and creation of school songs

1, school music: music lessons and songs taught by new schools in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China.

2. The beginning of the school song:'

1) Music and Song Creation in Church Schools-10 Music and Song of Wen Hui Tang.

2) 1898 Kang Youwei wrote "Please open a school discount"

3) Spontaneous practice of students studying in Japan after returning to China

4) 1904, the school charter was formulated.

5) 1907 as a "random subject" in primary and secondary schools.

After 6) 19 12, it is listed as a compulsory course.

3. The main content of music songs

7) Propagandize the patriotic spirit of Qiang Bing, a rich country, to resist foreign aggression, and praise the victory of overthrowing the imperial system and establishing the New Deal.

8) Cooperate with the military songs of "Military National Education" for primary and secondary school students.

9) Call for women's liberation and advocate gender equality.

10) Educate teenagers to love life and nature.

1 1) promotes the theme of feudal traditional ethics such as loyalty to the monarch and respect for Confucius.

12) The fundamental purpose of opening school music songs is to inspire people's wisdom, shape new people, get rid of national bad habits and save the nation.

4. Creation form and melody source

13) Creation form: Song selection and lyrics.

14) tune source: morning songs are mostly Japanese school songs and military songs.

In the later period, most of them were European and American pop songs and religious music.

There are also some folk tunes from China.

Seldom write songs by yourself.

5. Three stages of western music in China.

hunt for novelty

Agree to accept

Representatives of school music and songs.

(1) Shen Xingong

Main contributions:

1) Compose and create music songs: re-edited school songs, new palace songs and national songs.

2) Get rid of the old literature and poetry.

3) Created a precedent of "vernacular Chinese"

Masterpiece: Men are the most ambitious, the Yellow River.

(2) Li Shutong

Main contributions: 1) Art education pays attention to aesthetic education; 2) Creation of music songs.

Masterpieces: Farewell and Spring outing.

(3) Zeng

Main contributions: 1) devoted to music education; 2) composed school songs.

Music theory works: General Theory of Music, Classical Music Textbooks, Brief Introduction to Harmony.

Music review article

Appreciation of other music songs

1) The original song Revolutionary Army was written by Shen Xingong, the author of the Japanese song Brave Soldier.

2) Selection of songs and lyrics in Hua's "Recovery a few years later"

3) "China Men" Shi Geng's words and Han Xin's songs (the same person)

4) The original song "Song of the Motherland" is a traditional ancient song "Old Liu Ban", and the author is unknown.

The Historical Significance of School Songs

1) Introduce western music to China through the school song (including the basic music theory of writers' works. The methods of playing and singing and the performance forms of concerts were first introduced to China.

2) A batch of tentative and exploratory new music works (the initial creation of new music) first appeared in modern China.

3) As a form of vocal music, the deductive way of collective singing of music songs affects the singing of saving the nation from extinction.

4) As the first generation of national music educators in China, Zeng,,, etc. It has also made inspiration and contribution to the creation of professional musicians and the growth of the team in the future.

5) Advocating the study of western music and despising China's traditional music has had a negative impact on the development of China's new music culture.

Xiaoyoumei

Major musical contributions:

I. Professional music education:

Two issues: (1) Beijing issue: 1) The first music studio to be beaten.

2 Beijing Women's Normal University Music Department

3) Music Department of Beijing Institute of Art

1927 Leave Beijing

(2) Shanghai period: The National Conservatory of Music was founded.

1) Recruitment of teachers 2) Curriculum setting 3) Personnel training 4) Social impact.

Music education is the core of Xiao's music career, and his other music practices are all around and serve music education.

Second, the professional and music creation

Xiao is the first musician in the history of modern music in China who broke through "choosing songs and writing lyrics" and created independently. He is also a pioneer of China's music creation.

(A) vocal music works

1), today's music episode (for junior high school students) 2) new song episode (for college students) 3) singing teaching materials for the new academic system 4) chorus "Farewell to School" and "Moonlit Night on the Spring River" 5) songs from the army.

(2) Instrumental music works

1, exercises in German period:

1) Two-handed Orchestral Music: Mourning March, Op.4, Marching in a Snowstorm (No.23),

2) Two string quartets "Serenade" and "Serenade"

2. Works after returning to China: 1) Cello Qiu Si 2) Orchestral new colorful feathers.

Third, music theory works

Xiao is a pioneer in the study of modern musicology in China. His doctoral thesis, A Study on the History of Chinese Orchestra in the 7th Century/KLOC-0, is the first monograph to systematically study the history of ancient musical instruments in China.

Zhao Yuanren,

Major vocal music works

1, Art Songs-New Poems 1928

2. Xiaozhuang Collection 1933 and Children's Day Songs Collection1934-children's songs written by Tao Xingzhi.

3. Popular Education Songs 1939- Patriotic Songs

4. "The song of the peep show"1935-the theme song of the movie "Urban Scenery"

5. An influential vocal music work-"Teach me how not to think about him"

Li Jinhui (pioneer of children's song and dance music and pop songs)

First, music creation

1) Music creation mainly lies in two fields: children's song and dance music and pop songs (contemporary songs).

2) Children's singing and dancing music can be divided into two categories: children's singing and dancing performances and children's singing and dancing dramas.

3) Children's musical *** 12, with representative works such as Sparrows and Children, Angel of the Vineyard, Little Painter, Moonlit Night and Three Butterflies.

Second, the characteristics of children's song and dance music creation

1) creative motivation: educate children to advocate excessive and new ideas, cultivate children's love for artistic beauty, and exercise their hands and brains.

2) Educate children to love animals, get rid of superstitions, encourage children to be brave and resourceful, and advocate teaching students in accordance with their aptitude.

Third, the artistic characteristics of children's song and dance music creation

1) Most of them are written by themselves, written by themselves and arranged by themselves.

2) The language is vernacular and the lyrics are easy to understand.

3) Music includes popular songs, a large number of folk music tunes in the school song period, and more of them are self-created melodies.

4) Most of the works capture children's psychological characteristics and show children's life and their spiritual world.

Liu Tianhua

First, music contribution.

1, China's new music creation,

1) Ten Erhu songs: A Heart Sick, Moonlit Night, Empty Mountain Birds, Sorrow, Elegy, Idleness, Good Night, Bright Walk, One String Exercise, and Candle Shadows Shake Red.

2) Three Pipa Songs: Introduction to Song and Dance, Improved Practice and Voice.

3) Adapting the National Music Ensemble "New Water Preface of Variants"

4) 47 erhu etudes

5) Pipa Etudes 15

The artistic features of his erhu music: His works are the representative works of China's new music during the May 4th Movement, and draw lessons from many western factors.

(B) improve the scale of national musical instruments and works:

1) Improve the shape of the erhu, expand its position and develop its playing skills.

2) With the help of my brother Liu Bannong, I applied the law of twelve averages to the pipa.

3) Change the vertical arrangement of I-scale music into horizontal arrangement, and make clear the beat duration of I-scale music by drawing lessons from the sustain line in the notation.

(3) Professional music education

1) 1922 was hired by Peking University Conservatory of Music as a music tutor in China.

2) 1922 teaches in the Music Department of Beijing Women's Normal University in autumn.

3) 1926 was hired by the Music Department of Beijing Women's Art Institute.

4) 1927 teaches at Peking University Art Institute, and has trained erhu and pipa players such as Zheng Zhenduo and Cao Anhe.

Collect records and arrange traditional music.

1) He is a modern musician who consciously collected and recorded China traditional musicians in the early days.

2) Mei Lanfang, a master of Peking Opera, went to the United States to perform 1930 "Mei Lanfang's Songs".

3) Other music works, such as Music Score of Anci County Noisy Society and Music Score of Buddhism.

4) 1 June, 9321day, died of scarlet fever one week after collecting gongs and drums in Beijing Tianqiao.

(5) Initiate the establishment of "National Music Improvement Society"

1927 initiated the establishment of the National Music Improvement Society with Wu Bochao, Ke Zhenghe, Cao Anhe, Wang Yinian, Xiao and other art teachers.

(6) Music thoughts

1 Influenced by aesthetic education thought and popular literature thought, it is advocated that music should be popularized to the general public.

2. Don't blindly exclude others.

nie er

-The earliest music creation

In about two years, * * * created.

1)34 songs

2) Music of the stage play "Storm of the Yangtze River"

3) Adapted four national instrumental music ensembles: Dance of the Golden Snake, Spring Dawn in the Cuihu Lake, Journey to the Fort of Zhao Army and The Mountain State Couple.

_. Key points of Song works

1) patriotic songs: march of the volunteers, forward song, self-defense song, spring is back, farewell to Nanyang, and wounded soldier song.

2) Mass songs: Mine songs, Lu Ge, Pioneer.

3) Lyric songs: "Mei Niang Qu" and "Singing Girl under Iron Shoes" reflecting the thoughts of lower-class women.

4) Children's songs: Newspaper Selling Song and Little Wildcat.

First, the artistic characteristics of Song's creation

1) Pay attention to national style: song of the road, the song of playing the Yangtze River, the girl in the village beyond the Great Wall and the song of flying flowers.

2) Absorb the musical factors of foreign songs: for example, if western major scales are adopted, the theme of the March is "March of the Graduation Song of Volunteers".

3) Create musical images from life experiences, such as The Docker's Song and The New Woman.

4) Be good at developing on the basis of short motives or phrases.

Huang Zi

First, music creation

1) Instrumental works: Except Fantasia of Urban Scenery, the rest are composed by the graduation work Nostalgia Overture 1929.

2) Vocal music works: art songs-Three Wishes for Roses, Song of Spring Thoughts, Flowers Are Not Flowers-patriotic songs-flags flying, songs against the enemy, passionate children's songs-Xun Mei's first chorus in the snow and China's first chorus in the west wind-everlasting regret.

Zhu Qing

I. Masterpieces: I live at the head of the Yangtze River and the River of No Return.

Zhu Qing s Music Aesthetic Thought;

His works "Lehua" 1930 and "General Theory of Music" 193 1 reflect his musical aesthetic thought: music is the language of the world. Zhu Qing's thoughts are mainly influenced by the expressionist artistic aesthetics and romantic musical aesthetics that have prevailed in Germany since the end of 19.

Third, Zhu Qing's music criticism: * * has written more than 70 articles to express his understanding of Chinese and Western music aesthetics. Music is the prophecy of the upper bound, the prophecy of the soul to the soul, and music cannot be a vassal of the ceremony.

Luting He

First, music creation

The main outstanding works are concentrated before 1949, which can be roughly divided into three periods.

1) National Conservatory of Music: Piano Music "Cowboy Piccolo" and "Lullaby"

2) During the Anti-Japanese War, some movie music and anti-Japanese war contents represented by popular songs "Autumn Water, Iraqis", "In Spring", "Genv", "Song of the Four Seasons", "Guerrilla Song" and "On the Jialing River".

3) During the War of Liberation: the song "Forward, People's Liberation Army" and the orchestra "Senjidema"

Second, the artistic features

The works have a strong flavor of life and a distinct spirit of the times, which can organically integrate modern European composition techniques with China traditional music factors.

Ma Sicong

First, music creation:

1) Violin works, such as Inner Mongolia composition, Tibetan poems, pastoral songs, Xinjiang rhapsody and Inner Mongolia Suite (also called Suiyuan Suite), have the greatest influence. The whole song is divided into three movements: 1, the epic "Running on the Mountain" 2, and ""

2) Vocal music works (including a large number of anti-Japanese war songs)-five chorus: democratic chorus, motherland chorus, etc.

3) Orchestral and symphony works, such as Symphony No.1 194 1 Symphony No.2, Song of the Forest and Symphony No.2..

Third, the characteristics of violin creation

1) Music mostly uses folk themes, with full singing and distinctive national characteristics.

2) Music development techniques are also inspired by folk music.

North China occupied area

Jiang

I. Music Creation (Three Periods)

1) His early works were 1934- 1938. His orchestral music Dance of Taiwan Province Province, Piano Music Five Essays and Essays Outside Chapter 16.

2) Mid-term 1938- 1949

A. Instrumental music works: representative piano music Beijing Wanhua Collection, orchestral music Beijing Diandian (sketched in the Old Capital) and orchestral suite Confucius Temple Sheng Da Movement.

B, vocal music: "fisherman's music"

3) After the late period of1949, the large-scale piano suite of Local Poetry, the symphonic poem "Flowing and Sinking" and the symphonic poem "Song of Alishan" were influenced by Qi Erpin's "Eurasian" music thought and returned to China's national music style creation.

Xian Xinghai

First, music creation:

1) Four choirs: Production Choir, September 18th Choir and Ximeng Choir. Yellow River Chorus: including overture, Yellow River boatman's song, Yellow River ode, how the Yellow River water moves out of the sky, Yellow River ballads, river duet, Yellow River resentment and defending the Yellow River.

2) Opera White-haired Girl 1945 Grand Opera

Theme: The old society turned people into ghosts, and the new society regarded ghosts as a milestone in the creation of national operas.