In fact, it is not difficult to be a filial child, only to see if you have this filial piety. Maybe it is gorgeous fur, maybe it is an ordinary coat; Maybe it's a big banquet, maybe it's an ordinary meal; Maybe a mansion, maybe a bungalow. But it is equivalent in the scale of filial piety. In ancient times, people, officials and scholars were very filial. "Filial piety? Filial piety said: "Nothing is more valuable than filial piety. People who advocate filial piety are known all over the world as Zhang Rong. If a person is filial, he will be loyal to the monarch, be honest in his official position and face death. If a scholar is filial, he will work hard for his illness and defend his war, not just in the north. Filial piety is the duty of three emperors and five emperors, and it is also the discipline of all things. "Yes, there's nothing more fundamental than filial piety.
Parents have worked hard to raise their children, and when they grow up, they struggle for career, fame and success, but when they return home dressed up, they are faced with their parents' graves. I don't know how to stop this human tragedy. "The tree wants to be quiet and the wind will not stop, and the son wants to keep it." Please don't wait for success, just start from the little things around you and do your filial piety! As students, how should we be filial to our parents? We should not only study hard and repay them with the best results, but also listen to their teachings and learn to care about them just as they care about us. A greeting when you open the door, a glass of white water when you are tired, and a concession when you are in contradiction will satisfy your parents.
Don't forget the passage of time, the fragility of life and the kindness of parents. Seize the time, seize the filial time, time will not wait for you.
2. An essay about filial piety in Eight Virtues, such as "Filial piety of all virtues comes first".
What is filial piety? It is children who care about their parents and obey their will. Everyone is filial, but how many people have done it? In fact, it is not difficult to be a filial child, only to see if you have this filial piety.
Maybe it is gorgeous fur, maybe it is an ordinary coat; Maybe it's a big banquet, maybe it's an ordinary meal; Maybe a mansion, maybe a bungalow. But it is equivalent in the scale of filial piety.
In ancient times, people, officials and scholars were very filial. "Filial piety? Filial piety said: "Nothing is more valuable than filial piety.
People who advocate filial piety are known all over the world as Zhang Rong. If a person is filial, he will be loyal to the monarch, be honest in his official position and face death.
If a scholar is filial, he will work hard for his illness and defend his war, not just in the north. Filial piety is the duty of three emperors and five emperors, and it is also the discipline of all things. "
Yes, nothing can determine the foundation of being a man more than filial piety. Parents have worked hard to raise their children, and when they grow up, they struggle for career, fame and success, but when they return home dressed up, they are faced with their parents' graves.
I don't know how to stop this human tragedy. "The tree wants to be quiet and the wind will not stop, and the son wants to keep it." Please don't wait for success, just start from the little things around you and do your filial piety! As students, how should we be filial to our parents? We should not only study hard and repay them with the best results, but also listen to their teachings and learn to care about them just as they care about us.
A greeting when you open the door, a glass of white water when you are tired, and a concession when you are in contradiction will satisfy your parents. Don't forget the passage of time, the fragility of life and the kindness of parents.
Seize the time, seize the filial time, time will not wait for you.
3. Ask for an 800-word composition: "Going back to the Song Dynasty to see a poet" Liu Yong, whose real name is Qi Qing, formerly known as Trilateral, was named Liu Qi by the world because he ranked seventh. He was an official and foreign minister in wasteland, and was known as Liu wasteland in the world. The first professional poet in the Northern Song Dynasty. A bohemian man, he was down and out all his life. He was good at expressing his feelings about traveling and serving. He wrote the Collection of Movements.
Fan Zhongyan, Wen Xi, was a statesman, strategist and writer in the Northern Song Dynasty. The term "fisherman's pride" reflects the frontier life. When he was demoted to Dengzhou, he wrote a famous article "Yueyang Tower" and wrote "Fan Wenzheng's Official Document Collection".
Ouyang Xiu, whose real name is Yong Shu, was originally named Zuiweng, Liu Yiju, posthumous title Wenzhong, a writer and historian in the Northern Song Dynasty, a leader of the ancient prose movement in the Northern Song Dynasty, and one of the eight great poets in the Tang and Song Dynasties. Advocate both "Wen" and "Dao", and oppose extravagant style of writing. His prose is eloquent, lyrical and euphemistic. On June 1st, the poetic talk created a new style of poetic talk, which had a certain influence on the development of poetic theory in later generations. Author of Ouyang Wenzhong's Collection of Official Documents.
Su Xun, a native of Meishan (Sichuan), was an essayist in the Northern Song Dynasty. The author of Jackie. The Theory of Six Kingdoms is selected from Jiaxu Quanshu. The Bill of Rights includes ten articles, all of which are comments on politics and history. He and his sons, Su Shi and Su Zhe, are also called "Three Sus" and are among the "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties".
Sima Guang, whose name is Junshi, was born in Sioux, Xia County, Shaanxi Province. He is known by the world as Mr. Xu Shui, a historian and writer in the Northern Song Dynasty, and an official to prime minister. He died in August when he was in office, and pursued the history of Wen Guogong. Author of Sima Zheng Wen's official collection of documents. Politically conservative, against Wang Anshi's political reform. He has made immortal contributions in the academic field, and spent 19 years compiling Zi Tong Zhi Jian, the largest chronological general history in China, which, together with Historical Records, is known as "a double gem of history".
Wang Anshi, named Fu Jie, was born in the mid-levels, and was the official to the prime minister. Known as Gong Jingwang, posthumous title Wang Wengong. Linchuan (Jiangxi) people. Political reformer, thinker and writer in Northern Song Dynasty. His prose is vigorous and powerful, and he is one of the "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties". Shang Zhong Yong is an excerpt from Wang Wen's official document.
Shen Kuo, a native of Qiantang (Hangzhou), was a scientist and politician in the Northern Song Dynasty. His "Meng Qian Bi Tan" (26 volumes) is a comprehensive academic monograph with notes and the first scientific work in China.
Su Shi, Zi Zizhan, named Dongpo layman, was a writer and painter in the Northern Song Dynasty. The official is the history of the Ministry of Rites and pursues Wenzhong. His writing style is clear and fluent, and he is listed as one of the "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties". His bold writing has a great influence on later generations. He is the author of Complete Works of Dongpo and Dongpo Yuefu.
Li Qingzhao, whose real name is Yi 'an, whose real name is Yi 'an Jushi, was born in Jinan, Shandong Province, a poetess in the Southern Song Dynasty and the first poetess in China. His words are good at using line drawing, creating a new way and using beautiful language. Dream as a Dream is selected from Yu Shu's Ci and Li Qingzhao's Ci collection.
Lu You, a native of Yuezhou, Yinshan (Shaoxing, Zhejiang), was a patriotic poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. There are more than 9,000 existing poems with rich contents, which mainly show his patriotic enthusiasm for restoring national unity. Poems such as Guan Shanyue, Book Wrath, Farmer's Sigh, Shower, and Masterpiece of November 4th have been handed down from generation to generation, while Confession of Love and Hairpin Phoenix are words with artistic characteristics, including Crossing a Small Lonely Mountain and a Big Lonely Mountain. He is the author of "Poems by Jian Nan" and "Selected Works of Weinan".
Xin Qiji, whose name is You 'an, was born in Licheng (Jinan, Shandong) and was a patriotic poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. His lyrics expressed his patriotic enthusiasm for restoring national unity and poured out his grief and indignation. Luxurious school represented by Su Shi. There is a collection of words Jia and Short Sentences.
Jiang Kui, named Yao Zhang, is a Taoist priest in Baishi. Poyang (Jiangxi) Southern Song Dynasty poet. Most of his poems are about landscapes and tourists, including poems by Taoist Baishi.
Wen Tianxiang, born in Wenshan, Luling, Song Rui, was a patriotic politician in the Southern Song Dynasty. Writer, author of Complete Works of Mr. Wenshan. Song Zhengqi, Guide, Qijiang Moon and Postscript of Guide are all handed down by later generations.
4. Read the following text and learn to speak as required (from the Internet).
Learning to speak is easy; Basically, children over two years old can talk, but it is not easy to learn to say what others are listening to. We often can't speak, or we can't tell the truth skillfully. In life, it is important to learn to say what others like to hear, but of course it can't be ignored. Lin, a famous and successful scientist in Taiwan Province, said: "A person can't speak because he doesn't know what the other person needs to listen to;" If you can see through each other's psychological activities like a scout, you will know how powerful the power of speech is! Indeed, the "power of speech" is enormous.
In life, some people have a bronze diploma, have a hard-working spirit and strong working ability, but just because they can't speak, or can't say what others like to hear, they have been living in a breathless feeling; On the contrary, some people have no diploma and average working ability, but they just have a good mouth, and everything goes well as a result. This contrast is not simple, but the golden rule proved by countless facts. The art of speaking often does not come from hearsay, but can only be truly realized by one's own day-to-day feeling.
It is inevitable that we have something to say to our elders and friends every day. What to say, how to say, what to say and what not to say should be "exquisite". It can be said that "speaking" at work is also an art. Many times, some people suffer because they can't master the art of speaking. For example, if your colleague wears a new dress and others praise him as "beautiful" and "young", when others ask you how you feel, if you directly answer "you are too fat to fit." Or say, "The color of this dress doesn't suit your complexion. Not good-looking. " This sentence not only made the customer unhappy, but also embarrassed her colleagues who had praised her. Although he is telling the truth, he lacks artistry and skill. American President Coolidge once criticized his female secretary: "This dress of yours is very beautiful. You are really a charming young lady. I just hope that you pay attention to punctuation when printing documents, so that the documents you type are as cute as you. " The female secretary was deeply impressed by this criticism, and the printed document was full of mistakes.
Speaking is also an art, as the saying goes, "A good word warms three winters, and a bad word hurts the cold in June". Many people say a lot of things with good starting point and foothold, but because they don't pay attention to the art of speaking, they often lead to unnecessary misunderstandings and disputes, and even affect unity.
I often see people who are full of knowledge and speak slowly, and sometimes I hear people who are ignorant. Therefore, the most fundamental condition of speaking is: not only to have rich and valuable connotation, but also to be good at expressing, making people happy and memorable. Therefore, "having something to say" is really not an easy task. To reach the realm of "having something to say", we must keep learning and strive to enrich ourselves.
Behind the speech, all the character, accomplishment, talent and ability of a person are condensed. In today's information age and civilized society, it is indispensable to discuss knowledge, contact affairs, exchange information, impart skills, socialize, convey emotions and entertain. In addition, whether a person has strength or not, and whether this strength can be shown or not depends largely on his speaking ability.
Analysis of test questions: This material tells the story of Hu Dan's clever words and good decorations in Song Dynasty, and extracts the following ideas from the material: ① the art of speaking; 2 flexibility.
5. Liu Zongyuan, eight poets in Han and Song Dynasties, wrote "One hundred and twenty steps from Shanxi, separated by bamboo, listening to the sound of water, such as singing rings".
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Yes, this is the Story of Little Stone Pond written by Liu Zongyuan. Liu Zongyuan is also an ambitious man.
So, today I will try Liu Zongyuan. Liu Zongyuan (773 -8 19), a native of Hedong County in Tang Dynasty, was a famous outstanding poet, philosopher, Confucian scholar and even an outstanding politician, and was one of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties.
His masterpieces include more than 600 pieces, such as Eight Chapters of Yongzhou and Little Stone Pond, which were compiled into 30 volumes by later generations and named "Liuhe Dongji". Because he was from Hedong, he was called Liu Liuzhou, and because he was finally appointed as the secretariat of Liuzhou.
Both Liu Zongyuan and Han Yu were leaders of the ancient prose movement in the middle Tang Dynasty, and were called "Liu Han", while Liu Yuxi was called "Liu Liu". Also known as "Wang Meng" with Wang Wei, Meng Haoran and Wei.
With Han Yu, Ouyang Xiu, Su Xun, Su Shi, Su Zhe, Wang Anshi and Ceng Gong in the Tang Dynasty, it is also called "the first of the eight great masters in the Tang and Song Dynasties". Together with "Sansu", it is called one of the first "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties" and one of the "Four Masters in Ancient Chinese Literature".
In the cultural history of China, his achievements in poetry and literature are outstanding, which can be said to be inseparable. A person who has achieved so much in the history of China literature also has a family with a strong cultural atmosphere.
When Liu Zongyuan was four years old, his father went south, and his mother Lu led him to live in Jingxi Manor. Lu is intelligent, virtuous, knowledgeable and has a certain cultural accomplishment. She taught young Liu Zongyuan to recite fourteen ancient poems.
It was his mother's education that made Liu Zongyuan interested in knowledge. Lushi is diligent in housekeeping and educating his children. In his early years, he fled to the south, preferring to starve himself rather than support Liu Zongyuan.
Later, Liu Zongyuan offended the relegated official, and his mother followed her son to the South Emperor in her later years without complaint. She is a typical wife and mother, who embodies many virtues of ancient women in China.
Liu Zongyuan was influenced by his mother's good personality since childhood. What Liu Zongyuan is worth learning is that he has been changing the environment, not the environment.
Being demoted, he doesn't care about the people and environment there. Not only did he not manage it, but he also managed it in an orderly way. Very impressive.
Some people are bent on banishing him to a desolate place If he can't eat well, he will find another way. He leads people to farm the fields.
If we have his indomitable determination to learn, we should face the problems positively and find the fun of learning at any time.
6. If I was born in the Song Dynasty, many people would think that the Song Dynasty was probably one of the worst dynasties in the history of China. The word "weak Song" seems to be the final conclusion of this dynasty that has ruled more than half of China for more than 300 years.
Indeed, according to China's traditional evaluation criteria for dynasties, the Song Dynasty was indeed quite shameful. First of all, it seems that the Song Dynasty can get by with strong centralization. Secondly, isn't it enough to "spread all over the world" in the western regions? The best thing is to bring Moscow to the Song Dynasty, not good. Needless to mention the corner of the Southern Song Dynasty, such as "warm wind makes tourists drunk, and Hangzhou is Bianzhou". It was the Northern Song Dynasty that really pushed the eastern border to the Great Wall instantly, not to mention the northwest; Finally, it is necessary to enhance the national prestige outside the country. "Those who commit crimes against Han will be punished far away!" It is best to seal wolves once a year.
What is Tiankhan? If you want the universe to be Khan, it will be even worse in the Song Dynasty. Not to mention driving in Mobei and taking Huanglong. I can't even keep myself. You keep sending money every year, and people who call uncles are always beaten. Two emperors were captured, and they couldn't stay on the mainland twice and went to sea. These are all glorious deeds that have never been seen before.
However, if we change our own perspective and try to look at history with another standard, we will not only look at the achievements of princes, but also look at the social and economic development and people's lives. Maybe things will be very different. There is an amazing number. The highest fiscal revenue in the Song Dynasty reached1.60 billion, with an average annual income of 80-90 million in the middle and late Northern Song Dynasty. Even in the Southern Song Dynasty, which lost half of its territory, the fiscal revenue was as high as1100,000.
What kind of concept is this? Let's compare it with other figures. In the five years of Qin Long in the Ming Dynasty (157 1), the state revenue was 2.5 million taels of silver.
Twenty-eight years after Zhang's political reform (1600), his revenue was 4 million taels (although Zhang died, the financial reform suffered relatively little, and it was only ten years before Zhang's death, so it is estimated that his revenue is not less than when Zhang was in office). There was chaos in the late Ming Dynasty. Under the attack of the late Jin Dynasty and the peasant uprising, Ming * * * successively increased the levy, suppression and training of Liao salaries, which is the famous "three salaries plus faction". As a result, people's grievances are boiling and smoke is everywhere.
So how much income has this "drinking poison to quench thirst" brought to the country? A year is about10.2 million. In other words, the total fiscal revenue of the Ming Dynasty was about150,000 taels of silver.
If we think that the general exchange rate of money is 1 two silvers = 1 copper coins, then the fiscal revenue of the Ming Dynasty is less than110 in the Northern Song Dynasty and less than 1/6 in the Southern Song Dynasty, although this is more than 300 years after the demise of the Southern Song Dynasty, although the territory of the Ming Dynasty is far greater than that of the Song Dynasty. The financial situation of the Qing Dynasty was better than that of the Ming Dynasty, and the initial income in the seventh year of Shunzhi (1650)14.85 million yuan.
Xianfeng years (1850 or so) revenue is about 30-40 million Liang. The population is still far less than that of the Song Dynasty 600 years ago. At that time, the population of China had exceeded 300 million, which was estimated to be more than 2-3 times that of the Song Dynasty.
It was not until the late Qing Dynasty that the national fiscal revenue reached the level of the Song Dynasty. (The fiscal revenue of the Song Dynasty may be overestimated because of the exchange rate and discount rate, but even so, it is an indisputable fact that the fiscal revenue of the Song Dynasty is much larger than that of any other feudal dynasty. Does it mean that the financial revenue of the Song Dynasty is so huge and the burden on the people is extremely huge? Of course, it must be so in terms of per capita fiscal revenue.
However, we should know that the Song Dynasty was one of the only two great dynasties in the history of China where there was no nationwide peasant uprising. Only a few large-scale uprisings, such as Wang Xiaobo Uprising, Sung River Uprising, Fang La Uprising and Yao Uprising, have never exceeded the scope of a province.
Another dynasty with such a good record was the Western Jin Dynasty, and one of the reasons why the Western Jin Dynasty was able to do so was that its life span was too short to erupt an uprising. The history of China shows that people's life in Song Dynasty was not bad.
I'm afraid the reason why we think that the people in the Song Dynasty are miserable is largely influenced by The Water Margin. Let's not mention the fictional ingredients in it. In fact, from the perspective of Water Margin, the main reason why those heroes who were forced to go to Liangshan became bandits was persecution, or crime, or being captured and cheated to go to Liangshan, and few of them really had no food and could not live.
So where does the huge fiscal revenue come from? Just look at the following set of figures. 10 (1077), the total tax revenue of the Northern Song Dynasty was * * * 70.7 million, of which two taxes on agriculture were 21620,000, accounting for 30%, and the tax revenue on industry and commerce was 4911000,000 (how big is this figure?
This figure shows that the main body of national fiscal revenue is no longer agriculture, but industry and commerce, and the agricultural society has begun to move quietly towards the industrial society. The huge financial revenue in Song Dynasty did not aggravate the exploitation of farmers, but was the result of the rapid development of the national economy, the extremely prosperous industry and commerce and the improvement of productivity.
As a traditional agricultural country, directly collecting agricultural taxes from a large number of small farmers has always been the basis of state rule, which is really unique in the Song Dynasty. It was not until the late Qing Dynasty that the industrial and commercial income once again exceeded the agricultural tax. Because a large number of independent small farmers are no longer the foundation of the country's survival, the Song Dynasty was able to adopt a completely different land policy from other dynasties.
For thousands of years, China has traditionally regarded land annexation as a national disaster and tried every means to contain it. Such a cycle is formed. When the dynasty was established, it redistributed land and created millions of small farmers. After hundreds of years of accumulation, the land is concentrated in the hands of a few people, and the country has lost its tax source. Some farmers who have lost their land are desperate. A large-scale peasant uprising broke out, * * * collapsed and a new dynasty was established and re-established.
7. How to write a composition by "telling a traditional story" One of the most important festivals in the twelfth lunar month is the eighth day of December, which was called "La Ri" in ancient times and commonly known as "Laba Festival". Since the pre-Qin period, Laba Festival has been used to worship ancestors and gods and pray for good harvest and good luck. It is said that Sakyamuni, the founder of Buddhism, realized enlightenment on the eighth day of December, so Laba is also a Buddhist festival, called "Buddhist Enlightenment Festival". Laba has the custom of eating Laba porridge on this day. China has a history of drinking Laba porridge for 1000 years. It first started in the Song Dynasty. On the day of Laba, whether it is the imperial court, the government, temples, or the people's homes, Laba porridge will be cooked. In the Qing Dynasty, the custom of drinking Laba porridge became more popular. At court, emperors, queens and princes give laba porridge to civil and military ministers and attendants, and distribute rice and fruit to monasteries for monks to eat. In the folk, every household should also make laba porridge to worship their ancestors; At the same time, family members get together for dinner and give gifts to relatives and friends.
Specifically, it is not a traditional festival, but a custom. It is a kind of behavior with some feudal colors, which means that there is hope for a bumper harvest, increased happiness and prolonged life in the coming year. Celebrating the New Year is also a custom.
Related story: It is said that when Zhu Yuanzhang was a child, his family was very poor, so he gave cattle to a rich man. One day, I came back from herding cattle and walked across a wooden bridge. The cow slipped, fell off the bridge and broke its leg. The old rich man was very angry and put him in a house without food. Zhu Yuanzhang was so hungry that he suddenly found a mouse hole in the house. When he opened it, it turned out to be a granary for mice, which contained rice, beans and red dates. He put these things together and cooked a pot of porridge, which was very sweet and delicious. Later, when Zhu Yuanzhang became emperor, he remembered this matter again and asked the chef to cook a pot of porridge mixed with all kinds of grains and beans. It happened to be the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month, so it was called Laba porridge.
8. Write a composition by letter, the topic is Leiyang, my hometown Hengyang, beautiful Hengyang, my hometown.
My hometown is Hengyang, which is located in the south of Hunan Province. According to legend, "Wild geese fly south and stop here", so Hengyang is also called "Wild Goose City".
My hometown is very beautiful, with eight scenic spots, among which "West Lake Night White Lotus" is one of them.
In ancient times, there was a saying that "the West Lake releases Bai Lianhua at night", which means that there are hundreds of acres of lotus ponds near the Youth Palace today, and Bai Lianhua is released at night. Because of the cool night wind, the nectar is fragrant, the sun is shining, the lotus is more lively, and fresh dewdrops are rippling on it. Today, near the Hu Ailian Pavilion in the West Lake Park, you can vaguely see the scene of "Bai Lianhua in the West Lake at night". In the Song Dynasty, Zhou Dunyi studied here as a teenager, and then gave lectures here. And wrote the famous "Ailian Theory" here.
My hometown not only has beautiful scenery, but also has many unique snacks, the most famous of which is "stinky tofu". Pieces of black stinky tofu are fried in an iron pan. At this time, people will slow down, take a deep breath and smell stinky tofu. Stinky tofu is fried in the pot, and some tofu is still dancing in the pot.
After frying, I quickly put it on a plate with chopsticks, served with various seasonings and took a bite. The taste is hemp, spicy, delicious and great!
I love my hometown. I was born in the land where I grew up. I love the mountains, rivers, grass and trees here. I love Hengyang people who are brave in innovation and pioneering. I hope that this land of "rich products, outstanding people and outstanding people" will be better tomorrow.
Beautiful hometown-Hengyang