Keywords: aesthetics; Ideas; Architectural design; study
Nowadays, modern architecture not only provides people with a good living environment, but also needs to consider people's needs for spiritual life. However, the traditional architectural form can not meet the sensory needs of contemporary people, and it needs to be innovated in art and aesthetics, which is the focus of contemporary architectural design.
First, the coordination of aesthetic laws.
Good architectural works can organically integrate human factors and resources and environment in urban space, and improve historical and cultural values and people's spiritual life. Because people have different understandings of aesthetics, the application of aesthetics in architectural art has certain rules. In order to realize the aesthetic characteristics of residential design, it is necessary to design according to the corresponding aesthetic laws, so that the residential architectural design can meet the artistic requirements. An important prerequisite for realizing different arts is to ensure a certain degree of coordination in design. There are many design schemes in building construction, and there are also many design intentions in the design process. In the current housing design, there is a serious lack of coordination due to diversity, which leads to the loss of aesthetic characteristics of housing. First, the unity of geometric shape is the main basic condition of architectural harmony. To realize the unification of geometric shapes, it is necessary to rationally distribute the relationship between geometric shapes and coordinate various sizes and shapes. Secondly, clear priorities must be achieved. For example, the primary and secondary relationship between the smaller part and the heavier part. Thirdly, according to the coordination of shape and size, it is the most reliable way to turn the building into a unified structure from the inside out. Decomposing a building can be divided into two parts: the accessory part and the main part. In architectural design, subordinate parts should be handled clearly to prevent the unclear primary and secondary phenomena from affecting architectural expression. In addition, when designing the appearance of the building, we must treat the subordinate and the subject separately to achieve the purpose of highlighting the key points. The main part needs subordinate parts to set off, so as to improve the expressive force of the architectural appearance. Secondly, we should pay special attention to the coordination of colors. When choosing building materials, building colors should be reasonably matched, which will make art form a good style and achieve the purpose of color coordination. Moreover, when choosing colors, we should understand that different colors represent different things, so as to prevent contradictions, and at the same time, it may reduce the visual effect of the building, which ultimately leads to its artistic effect is not obvious. The unity of colors, in the choice of building materials, the use of the same materials will have a strong sense of unity. By comparing the colors of building materials, more dramatic effects can also be produced, but attention should be paid to color contrast to avoid color conflicts. The building itself is diverse and has many functions. If the building cannot be integrated, it will lead to the disharmony of its overall structure and appearance.
Second, the balance in aesthetic law.
There are many differences in the reality, color, size, texture and height of the building itself, which makes the building itself a major feature in architectural aesthetics. Many times, buildings with rough materials and large volume will give people a sense of stability. On the contrary, building materials with smooth materials and small volume will give people a light feeling. Strengthening people's sense of architecture is the research direction of architectural aesthetics. The important relationship between all parts of the building is the balance of the building. When people look at architecture, the balance of architecture will bring some influence to people. Only by ensuring its balance can the artistic effect of architecture be well reflected. First of all, we must pay attention to and attach importance to the symmetry of architecture in order to achieve its balance. As shown in figure 1, the famous Palace Museum in Beijing attaches great importance to symmetry. According to the principle of "artisans rule the country, with a square nine miles, three doors on the side, nine latitudes in the middle, nine paintings in the road, left ancestors and right, and the front and middle cities", symmetrical buildings are located on both sides of the central axis in turn, which embodies the aesthetic concept. Achieving architectural symmetry will bring great challenges to complex buildings. In order to achieve the symmetry of complex buildings, designers must constantly strive to complete it. When expressing the characteristics of irregular balance, it is necessary to use lever principle and reasonable design means to achieve the purpose of highlighting the building balance center. When reasonably guiding building users and ensuring building balance, we need to pay special attention to the stable types of buildings. When realizing its stable type, it needs to be realized by various methods in order to make people feel stable. Today's architecture expresses its own stability, which needs to be achieved through specific requirements such as the design of special structures and the texture of materials, so as to ensure that its stability can be greatly improved.
Third, the law of proportion in aesthetics.
An important link in architectural design is the proportional design of architecture, which is also an important basis for realizing human senses. The so-called architectural proportional design refers to the reasonable design of a certain proportional relationship between the length, width and height of a building in the design process. The building itself has a certain proportional relationship from the local to the whole, and a good proportional relationship can give people a good sensory experience. If the building can't be built according to a certain proportion in the construction process, or there are related problems in the scale design of the building, the aesthetic feeling of the building can't be well reflected. For different buildings, the proportion of buildings needs to be determined according to their actual use characteristics. This proportion has simple base ratio and dynamic ratio. According to these proportional relations, it is helpful to establish harmonious proportional relations. At the same time, the coordination of expressions is also very important. If a building adopts the same type of structural system, the appearance of the structure can be used instead of the appearance of the building, and the coordination of expression can be achieved. Moreover, the function of architecture is often the main factor that determines the architectural character. Therefore, the unification of functional performance can also achieve the effect of coordination.
Fourth, the law of aesthetic rhythm.
The most important part of nature is its own rhythm, which is also widely reflected in various objects and phenomena in nature. This is a unique aesthetic feature. Rhythm is a repetitive and regular rhythm and an important form of beauty. It is precisely because of this repetition that the aesthetic characteristics of rhythm are valued and utilized in the process of architectural design, thus combining with architectural characteristics. In the process of building construction, the repeated design of different elements will give people a unique sense of rhythm, which will significantly improve the coordination and expressiveness of the building. By mastering the rhythm characteristics of architecture, we can effectively realize the regularity of architecture. Generally speaking, there are many aspects to be considered in architectural design. In the aspect of architectural modeling repetition, we need to consider the walls, doors, windows, columns and other objects in the building. In the repeated design of building size, it is necessary to fully consider the external span size and column spacing inside the building. To realize the rhythm of the building, it is necessary to combine the outdoor and indoor of the building, and at the same time, it is necessary to do the details of the building well. Only by doing the above can architecture have its own rhythm. Because the rhythm of architecture has many forms, in some complex buildings, only by truly realizing the rhythm of architecture and ensuring its rationality can the appeal of architecture be fully expressed.
Fifth, the law of aesthetic order.
In the process of architectural aesthetic design, it is necessary to achieve the perfect integration of time art and space art, and to integrate architectural design perfectly into the sequence, so as to achieve the purpose of architectural aesthetic order. In the aspect of architectural design, we should make clear the sequence of buildings in the building, and at the same time carefully conceive the beginning and end, so that the naturally guided buildings can present a specific sequence and have a certain sequence, thus realizing the requirements of architectural aesthetics. Through reasonable design, the climax of artistic design is integrated into it, and the artistic atmosphere is reflected in the whole architectural sequence, so that the aesthetic performance of the building is incisively and vividly. In the sequence of aesthetic laws, there are mainly two forms: regular layout and irregular layout. Regular sequence can give people a simple, clear and solemn feeling, and can stimulate residents to have a strong sensory experience. Usually, rule sequences are suitable for larger buildings, such as government departments and associations. Irregular sequences show a flexible sense of movement, which can infect people and show their own personality. Irregular sequences are usually suitable for buildings such as houses and gymnasiums. Architecture is not only the carrier of culture, but also the reflection of social history and culture. It can reflect social ideology and history and culture in an intuitive form, so that people can establish scientific environmental awareness. Through exquisite architectural technology and ingenious design ideas, the natural scenery and architectural structure are perfectly integrated, which enhances the appeal of architectural culture.
Sixth, realize the perfect combination of aesthetic concept and architectural design.
Aesthetic concept is a line that can integrate spirit and nature, express a nation's spiritual experience and is also the essence of architectural design. It is of great significance to improve the level of designers, strengthen the unity of theoretical aesthetic practice and inherit the aesthetic spirit of China's architectural design, so as to realize the perfect combination of the two. The works of architectural design belong not only to the creators themselves, but also to the environment, cities and residents. Designers are the chief planners of architectural design, and their own literacy and aesthetic concepts will be reflected in their works, which requires architectural designers to constantly learn and improve their cultural literacy, fully understand aesthetics, and strive to create works that meet human needs. Although some middle-level universities in China offer courses related to aesthetic concepts, their depth needs to be further strengthened, and there is still much room for improvement in the process of integration with social architectural design. While improving the professional level and practical ability of designers, China also needs to provide opportunities for designers to talk with other architectural designers, so that they can understand that architectural design comes from artistic creation in life and carry out corresponding activities through the media. And set up an aesthetic design competition for publicity, with the integration of aesthetic ideas and architectural design for the whole society, so that aesthetic concepts become people's basic cultural literacy. Inheriting China's classical architectural design, we mainly analyze and understand it from three aspects: architectural form, application and expansion of technology, and traditional aesthetic concept. We should rationally use China's classical elements to stimulate this mood, release people's busy spirit, and let people feel the beauty of architecture.
Seven, the application of aesthetic thought in modern architecture.
With the migration of the times, the progress of science and technology and the continuous development of culture. The image of architectural design also needs to meet people's needs in order to reflect the face of today's society and the spirit of the times, which is mainly reflected in two aspects. On the one hand, the current architectural design embodies aesthetic thoughts, and architectural aesthetics has the characteristics of time and space and dynamics. This kind of design beauty belongs to the times. By dealing with the color, texture and proportion of the building, the use function and spiritual function of the building can be perfectly reflected. On the other hand, it is the carrier of modern architectural design aesthetics. In the present architectural design of China, there is still the color of ancient buildings, which not only explains the connotation, but also changes with the changes of the times. In architectural design, the development of sustainable architecture has become a popular concept of modern architecture, which has been well implemented in modern hotels in China (Figure 2). In the design, people can feel the beauty of the integration of environment and architecture. In the whole design, the middle is used for traffic flow, and the left and right sides are used for people flow. The traffic flow and people flow are carefully designed and do not interfere with each other. In addition, the outside of the hotel is closely connected with the Tianqiao bus station in the whole system, which improves its use value, provides people with convenience in life and gives people visual and spiritual enjoyment.
Eight. conclusion
In our life, architecture is a place that provides us with all kinds of life contents. The development of human society is inseparable from the development of architecture. By combining architectural art with life, and combining the concept and style of architectural aesthetics with architectural design, the aesthetic laws are well applied to meet people's pursuit of beauty.
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