For a person who often surf the Internet, if he doesn't know the poet "Zhao Lihua" and the related "pear style" and "pear education", then he must be behind the times. When the network celebrities such as Muzimei, Sister Furong, and the left-behind boy all passed away, the poet Zhao Lihua was inadvertently discovered, which immediately became the "fuse" to explore the value of China's poetry, which triggered a big debate on the significance and creative future of poetry, which also affected the real world from cyberspace. "The development of new poetry has reached an unprecedented embarrassing dilemma, and I think it is necessary to return to the road of learning from tradition." On June 65438+1October 65438+June 2006, the first People's social science forum from three places across the Taiwan Strait came to an end in Nanjing University. A representative at the meeting told this reporter with great feeling. It is worth mentioning that the theme of this forum is "Tradition and Transformation of China Literature and Culture". With the recent "Zhao Lihua phenomenon", our reporter interviewed relevant representatives, trying to clear the fog of the development of China's poetry from this angle, clarify related discussion misunderstandings, and explore the future of poetry! Professor Xu, a doctoral supervisor of the Chinese Department of Nanjing University, said: "Although there are different opinions on Zhao Lihua's poems on the Internet at present, at least it shows that everyone is still very concerned about the fate and future of China's new poems!"

He believes that one of the reasons why Zhao Lihua's poems have aroused such a strong reaction on the Internet is "obvious colloquial writing" and "this issue has been debated". For example, he said that the poet Ai Qing wrote an article "The Prose Beauty of Poetry" in 1939, which mentioned that a worker wrote a notice on the wall: "An Ming, remember that car!" Ai Qing thinks, "This is beautiful. It should be a talented poet who wrote this notice." However, when Ai Qing published On Poetry on 1980, he "changed this sentence to' This is beautiful, and the person who wrote this notice should have the talent of a poet'!"

Professor Xu said: "The change of adjectives before and after also shows the change of Mr. Ai Qing's attitude towards oral writing. Not to mention great poets, not to mention ordinary netizens? If evaluated normally, it will still promote the progress of poetry. However, if a person named Chen Xiuyuan says,' She is unwilling to be lonely and deliberately grandstanding, which is the same as peeing in the street to attract others' attention', it is inappropriate! "

He further pointed out: "In the Tang Dynasty, although there were some vernacular poems, such as" The foot of the bed is as bright as a thread "and" Climbing over the eaves and climbing over the walls, three thousands of feet ",were these really vernacular poems? These poems are vernacular in isolation, but they are not vernacular in the whole poem. How can there be seven or five words in a vernacular, rhyming and even? Many poems seem to be vernacular on the surface, but they are actually processed. The processed unnatural language with distinct rhythm is the biggest feature that distinguishes the poetic language from novels and other literary works. From this point of view, even if the three words of Fu Xuan in the Jin Dynasty are faint, I feel it. Tilt your ears, not the sound of cars. " Can't say it's vernacular! "

In addition, Professor Xu also reflected that "there are problems in the questionnaire design of some websites, and those options are misleading in themselves. Netizens can only answer under the logical conditions with wrong premises, and the conclusions drawn from this will definitely not correctly express the problem! "

Wang Zhuohua, a doctoral student at Nanjing Normal University College, fully affirmed Professor Xu's point of view: "The original intention of oral writing is to make poetry popular, but the popularity is not all colloquial, and colloquialism cannot be separated from certain rules." Wang Zhuohua said, "I seldom pay attention to new poetry because I think it has been possessed." Wang Zhuohua, a doctoral student at Nanjing Normal University College, said: "With the vernacular movement, new poetry has been divorced from the tradition of China literature since its birth, not only from the nation, but also from the tradition of poetry. Therefore, new poetry has been inherently deficient since its birth, and this deficiency is also contrary to the characteristics of poetry itself! "

Wang Zhuohua's poems have at least two characteristics. "One is musicality, that is, the beauty of rhythm and rhythm in the form of poetry. Second, true temperament, that is, the authenticity and individuality of thought, is divorced from these two characteristics of poetry and can only be reduced to a broken line and a disease-free groan! "

Therefore, Wang Zhuohua pointed out: "Today's poets should not only learn from the West, but also return to inheriting the classical tradition and absorbing the traditional spirit!" During the interview, the reporter learned that Professor Xu has just finished a paper entitled "Combining with Music-An Important Way for the Development of New Poetry". The article thinks: "Combining with music is an important way to develop new poetry, and modern lyrics are also an important part of new poetry. The lyrics of all previous dynasties are poems, and the combination with music is the driving force for the continuous development of China's poetry. " Professor Xu thinks through research: "As far as the history of China's poetry development is concerned, the combination of poetry and song is a win-win situation, while the division is a double injury. For example, with a large number of outstanding poets and playwrights joining the creative team, the creative content has been broadened and the writing level of lyrics has been improved, thus making lyrics and Sanqu become the symbolic poetry genre in the Song and Yuan Dynasties. Because there are not many poets involved in the creation of Ming and Qing folk songs, although there are many excellent works, the overall theme is narrow and the writing level is not high, so it is impossible to obtain the lofty status of Song Ci and Yuan Qu. "

Professor Pan from the Chinese Department of Taiwan Province Provincial Normal University gave a speech entitled "The Significance of Poetry Recitation and Examples of Creative Teaching" at the academic forum. "If musicality is regarded as a feature of poetry, then reciting poetry is to put musicality into practice. Whether it is creation or teaching, whether it is poetry theory or poetry quality, musicality is a magic weapon to go hand in hand. "

Liu Shunwen, a scholar of China Literature Department of Taiwan Province University of Political Science, also pointed out: "Poetry is difficult to define now, because classical poetry has a set of effective evaluation criteria as a frame of reference, while new poetry has basically no rules to follow. Now is not the time to talk about the quality of poetry, because it is still difficult for us to determine whether some words are poems. "

Han Han, a post-80s writer, once "bombarded" contemporary poetry circles in his blog, which caused strong dissatisfaction among many poets. A Hong Kong scholar explained: "The poet reacted strongly because Han Han tore off the poet's fig leaf and exposed the poet who had been marginalized for a long time to the sun."

Future: Who should we reflect on?

Dr. Fu Yuanfeng from the Chinese Department of Nanjing University also writes poems, and he has been paying attention to the development of poetry. When our reporter interviewed him about the Zhao Lihua phenomenon, he bluntly said: "This is not a poetic phenomenon, but a network phenomenon and a cultural phenomenon."

He believes that "the so-called' pear style' is only a small part of Zhao Lihua's works, but it is not these so-called' pear style' that truly represents Zhao Lihua's level, and Zhao Lihua cannot represent China's current level of poetry creation."

Dr. Fu Yuanfeng pointed out that there have been a series of noteworthy phenomena recently, such as the appearance of poetry software, the life experience of Beijing poets in iron cages, and Professor Mo's naked teaching. "It shows the impetuous situation of the whole era, and it is no accident that poetry is spoofed in this impetuous situation."

On the internet, you can see the works of netizens imitating "pear style" everywhere. In this regard, Dr. Fu Yuanfeng pointed out: "Popularization, popularization and the influence of popularization on poetry can not have a positive impact on poetry, but may also damage the aesthetic thought of poetry. In the era of cultural autocracy, poetry was used as a propaganda tool; In the era of cultural impetuousness, poetry is regarded as the object of spoof. "

Pear flower body

"I think there is no objection to talking about the meaning and future of poetry in this debate." Dr. Fu Yuanfeng believes that "the works spoofed by netizens are relatively unsuccessful works in Zhao Lihua's experimental writing, but these works have been rapidly enlarged, making Zhao Lihua and Lihua the targets of attack. What is really worth studying is the collective unconscious psychology shown by netizens collectively. " Combined with the previous phenomenon of "cyber violence", Dr. Fu Yuanfeng attributed it to "an instant, follow-up and accidental emotional catharsis". "And this kind of cyber violence, which lacks independent thinking, calm consciousness and civilian feelings, has opened the gate of cultural emotions together."

Dr. Fu Yuanfeng also extended it and said, "The three famous movies" Hero ","Promise "and" Banquet "some time ago are all cultural examples close to the post-80s generation. They are imaginary images and have no realistic quality. The attempts of Jiangsu writers Ye and Su Tong to restate myth writing also indicate that they have entered the process of losing their true quality. "

"When all cultural people and writers float, only morbid and weak imagination is left, and they fall into a situation without realistic consciousness and problem consciousness." Doctor Fu said worriedly.

Regarding the Zhao Lihua incident, Fu Yuanfeng was blunt: "What needs to be reflected is not Zhao Lihua and contemporary poetry, but the collective unconsciousness of netizens who participated blindly. This is the cultural impetuousness of our time. "