Unit 2 Title: Face life with a smile

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When we listen to Hugo's passionate speech commemorating the centenary of Voltaire's death, is there also an impulse: should we speak out our minds? Ok, let's come together, go to the podium together and speak loudly!

To make a successful speech, you must first write a good speech. So, how to write a good speech?

First of all, we should know that speeches have the characteristics of general articles, as long as they meet the requirements of general article writing and pay attention to their own characteristics. It is not mysterious, and it is not difficult for students to write.

Secondly, we should master our own characteristics.

First, the viewpoint is clear and the content is inspiring. Speech has a clear point of view, which shows the speaker's affirmation of a rational understanding. The degree of penetration of the speaker's point of view on objective things can give people a sense of credibility and reliability. If the viewpoint of the speech is not clear, it will be unconvincing and lose the role of the speech. Moreover, the reason why a speech is the easiest to arouse the audience's emotions, shake the audience's thoughts, make the spirit feel excited, make the emotions passionate and make the blood boil is the agitation of the speech content. Therefore, students should pay attention to emotional color when writing, and combine reasoning with lyric. There are both calm analysis and enthusiastic encouragement; Anger and joy; Hate and love. Of course, this deep and moving feeling should not be "squeezed out", but should be from the heart, just like a spring gushing out.

Second, the structure is clear and the level is simple. General manuscripts are mainly for people to see, and readers have room for thinking. The hierarchical structure can be ups and downs, full of twists and turns; The content can also be intertwined and complicated. However, the speech is an oral expression, and the language of the speech is fleeting. The audience has little room to think about the meaning of every sentence in the speech. Its structural feature is the unity of the internal connection of content and the dynamic communication of audio language, and it pays attention to audio. Therefore, the speech pays special attention to clear structure and concise level.

Third, the language is fluent, profound and interesting. In order to write down or speak everything in the speaker's mind so that people can see and hear it, language must be used as a tool for exchanging ideas. Therefore, whether the language is used well or not has a great influence on writing speeches. In order to improve the quality of speech, we must work hard on the use of language. When writing a speech, we should pay attention to the following three questions in the use of language:

(1) colloquialism. "catchy" and "catchy" are the basic requirements for the language of speech, that is, the language of speech should be colloquial. A speech is a series of sounds, and the audience hears a series of sounds. Whether the audience can understand depends on whether the speaker can speak well and whether the speech is well written. If the speech is not catchy, no matter how good the content of the speech is, it can't be "heard" and fully understood by the audience. Because the language of the speech is written by the author and bound by written language, it is necessary to break through this bondage and make the language of the speech colloquial. In order to do this, when writing a speech, we should change long sentences into short sentences, turn inverted sentences into formal sentences, change monosyllabic words into disyllabic words, and change or delete incomprehensible classical Chinese words and idioms. After the speech, read and listen to see if it is catchy and catchy. If it is not so catchy, it needs further revision.

(2) Be easy to understand. The speech should be understood by the audience. If no one can understand the language used, then the speech will lose the audience, thus losing its role, significance and value. Therefore, the language of the speech should be easy to understand. Lenin said: "We should be good at speaking in simple and clear language that is easy for the masses to understand, resolutely abandon obscure terms and foreign vocabulary, and abandon slogans, decisions and conclusions that are well remembered and ready-made and incomprehensible to the masses."

(3) vivid and touching. A good speech must be vivid in language. If only the thought content is good and the language is dry, it is not a good speech. The speeches made by Engels, Lenin, Stalin, Mao Zedong, Lu Xun and Wen Yiduo are rich in ideological content and vivid in language. Lao She, the master of language, put it well: "Our best thoughts and deepest feelings can only be expressed in the most beautiful language. If you can't express it, who knows how good your thoughts and feelings are? " It can be seen that to write a good speech, it is not enough to understand and popularize the language, but also to make the language vivid and touching.

How to make the language vivid and touching? First, using visual language, using metaphor, analogy, exaggeration and other methods to enhance the image color of language, so that abstraction becomes concrete, abstruse and simple, boring and interesting. The second is to use humorous language to enhance the expressive force of the speech. This can deepen the theme and make the atmosphere of the speech relaxed and harmonious; It can not only adjust the rhythm of the speech, but also eliminate the fatigue of the audience. The third is to give play to the musical characteristics of language and pay attention to the harmony of tone and the change of rhythm.

Unit 5 Topic: Money.

-How to write a good article about "one thing, one discussion"

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Argumentative writing is one of the important styles for junior middle school students to learn. Junior high school students can write argumentative essays by learning to write "one thing, one discussion" first. One thing, one discussion, is to express your views on something, a problem, a phenomenon or a material you read in your study. This kind of article is characterized by practical rationality.

Don't underestimate this kind of article. It is an effective basic training method for beginners, and even some great writers often use it to express their views.

The general writing of this kind of article is:

First of all, we should choose a typical thing, and it is best.

"See the big from the small", from which we can realize a truth with certain universal significance, which can give people enlightenment and education.

Secondly, the article generally begins with a narrative event, which should be concise and not detailed.

Then, on the basis of describing the incident, reveal the significance of this matter and seek truth from facts. And this revealed "reason" is the central argument of this article.

Finally, this paper discusses this principle, which is the central argument of the article, and points out its universal or practical significance.

How to write an argumentative essay about a discussion?

First, the attitude should be clear. This is the same as other argumentative papers. Affirm and praise beautiful things unequivocally; For ugly things, they clearly express negation and hatred;

The second is to choose "comment points" closely according to the "things" in the article. An event or phenomenon can often reflect many problems. To write an article about one thing and one discussion, you usually only need to choose a point that you feel most deeply or need to discuss most in real life and tell it thoroughly. A short essay solves a problem, not covering too much, covering everything.

How can we find the right argument? First of all, we should have a clear understanding of the things, phenomena or materials discussed, which is the basis of discussion. Secondly, the argument should conform to the original intention of things, phenomena or materials, and from which angle it can best reflect the essence of the problem, so don't make a fuss. Third, the argument should be correct and positive, so that people can read it enlighteningly. If the argument put forward is innovative, it will be more valuable. Of course, we should also consider our own actual situation, consider which angle to start from, choose which one is most sure and easy to discuss, and avoid problems that we find difficult and unclear. (This is very important)

The third is to handle the relationship between "narration" and "discussion". An article about one thing and one discussion belongs to an argumentative paper, which should focus on discussion, and the previous narrative is the basis and object of discussion. Therefore, when describing facts and introducing phenomena, we should be concise, avoid too much narration, be clear and clear, and there should be no unclear or distorted narrative content. When commenting, we should pay attention to the content of the narrative and discuss it closely. There should be no separate and irrelevant issues between the two. After discussing the matter, put forward your opinions before discussing it. Use the method of putting facts and reasoning, choose appropriate arguments, arrange the level of argumentation, fully reason, and explain and prove the central argument. Learn to write an article about one thing and one discussion, starting with commenting on the things around you. For example, study life, school life, family life, daily etiquette, friendship, affection, ideals, and other aspects can be topics. Furthermore, we should take a long-term view and care about current affairs and social hotspots at home and abroad. If you want to have something to write and discuss, it is important to observe life carefully, think deeply, exercise and improve your analytical reasoning ability.

In short, if you want to write a good article about "one thing, one discussion", you should be a conscientious person in peacetime, pay more attention to observing typical cases in life, and have your own thinking and judgment. I think our classmates will be able to write a powerful article about "one thing, one discussion".