Method of raising piglets
Feeding management of weaned piglets
Weaning time: 3-8 weeks 60 days old. That is, the shortest time is 2 1 day and the longest time is 60 days, which is determined according to the health status of suckling pigs.
Weaned piglets usually reduce their feed intake. Recent studies show that weaned piglets can gain weight 1 kg within 1 week after weaning if they eat normally, so they can reach slaughter weight 15 days earlier than pigs that can only keep their weight within1week after weaning because of insufficient feeding. The reason of low feed intake is still the physiological abnormality caused by weaning stress. Therefore, early weaned piglets have special requirements for feed.
The feed for early weaned piglets should be easy to digest and have high digestibility. Eating high digestibility diet within 7 ~ 10 days after weaning can keep the total daily intake at a low level, which can not only meet the nutritional needs of piglets, but also prevent diarrhea caused by excessive gastrointestinal burden of piglets. Therefore, we must first find ways to improve the energy level and lysine level of feed. At the same time, because soybean meal contains anti-nutritional substances, diarrhea can be alleviated by reducing the level of crude protein in the diet. In the choice of raw materials, corn, fish meal, spray-dried blood meal and a part of soybean meal can be selected. If conditions permit, some dairy products and acidifiers such as citric acid can also be used, which is also beneficial to help piglets digest.
Feeding of weaned piglets: Due to the sudden change of living conditions after weaning, piglets often lose appetite, gain weight slowly, and even lose weight, especially those fed late. In order to have a good weaning pass, it is necessary to maintain and transition the feed, feeding system and living environment. That is to maintain the original feed in the original circle, so as to realize the gradual transition of feed, feeding system and environmental conditions.
Feed transition: keep the original feed unchanged for half a month after weaning, so as not to affect appetite and cause diseases. Weaned piglets introduced from different places had better buy back the original feed and gradually change the feed later. Weaned piglets are in the growth stage of rapid physical development and need a diet with high protein, high energy and rich vitamins and minerals. Feed containing too much crude fiber should be restricted and supplemented with additives.
Formula of weaned piglets: corn 70. 15%, soybean meal 22.0%, fish meal 5.0%, calcium hydrogen phosphate 1%, stone powder 0.55%, salt 0.3% and premix 1%. The premix includes adding 2.5 mg of flavomycin and 50 mg of oxytetracycline to each kilogram of feed for disease prevention and growth promotion. At the same time, trace elements are added: trace elements have great influence on the growth and development of piglets and can obviously promote growth. Comprises adding 540mg of copper sulfate, 564mg of ferrous sulfate, 570mg of zinc sulfate, 80mg of manganese sulfate, 0.66mg of potassium iodide, 0/./kloc-0.5mg of sodium selenite and 0/.2mg of cobalt chloride to each kilogram of material. Premix can not be prepared by itself, but can be bought in the market. It's much cheaper to make your own ingredients. It is better to feed ingredients all the time, so that pigs can grow and sell quickly and save materials, instead of prolonging the slaughter time without feeding ingredients. But the feeding amount can be more or less.
Feeding system transition: within half a month after weaning, the daily feeding frequency is more than that during lactation 1 ~ 2 times. This is mainly to feed the night meal and prevent the piglets from being upset because of hunger. Feeding at one time should not be too much, so that piglets can maintain a strong appetite.
After piglets eat a lot of feed, they should supply clean drinking water to avoid diarrhea caused by drinking sewage or urine.
Environmental transformation: A few days before weaning, piglets often show mental anxiety, chirp and look for sows. In order to alleviate the anxiety of piglets, it is best to keep the piglets in the original circle and not to mix groups and nests. Half a month after weaning, when the performance of piglets is basically stable, then adjust the circle and nest. Circles should be grouped according to gender, individual size, eating speed, etc. Let the weaned piglets keep enough exercise time outside the pen house. The pen house should be clean, dry, warm in winter and cool in summer, and set in a fixed place for excretion.
Management of weaned piglets
In order to create a comfortable environment, weaned piglets must have a clean, dry, sunny and suitable temperature pigsty. Piglets should be thoroughly cleaned, disinfected and covered with padding before entering the pigsty to create a comfortable environment for weaned piglets.
There is enough floor space and food trough. If the piglet population is too large or the area occupied by each piglet is too small, if there are not many feeding troughs, piglets will easily fight with each other, resulting in insufficient rest and insufficient feed intake, thus affecting the development of piglets. The average area of each weaned piglet is 0.5~0.8m2, and the area of each group is generally around 10m2.
Cold-proof and heat preservation The climate in northern winter and early spring is cold, and piglets are particularly afraid of cold. They often lie together and squeeze each other, which is easy to crush piglets and get sick, which seriously affects the growth and development of piglets. Therefore, we must pay attention to the cold-proof measures of pens, and if possible, we can build warm pens and plastic greenhouses to feed weaned piglets.
Excretion of internal and external parasites: 50~60 days old, if necessary, 90~ 120 days old, subcutaneous injection of 1% ivermectin 400 per kilogram of body weight. g .
Should be vaccinated: such as injection of swine fever, erysipelas, swine pneumonia triple freeze-dried vaccine (live vaccine); Foot and mouth disease vaccine, blue ear disease vaccine, etc. At the age of 2 ~ 4 months, live or inactivated porcine pseudorabies vaccine was inoculated. Imported attenuated freeze-dried vaccine K6 1 was used in epidemic areas or threatened areas, and 0.5ml of weaned piglets were injected intramuscularly 1 ml; Shelf pigs over 3 months old1ml; The immune period is 1 year.
Feeding management of piglets
One week before delivery
When starting to transfer to the delivery room, it is necessary to appropriately increase the diet of sows with poor health. Can't eat too much, it will increase the abdominal pressure of sows and weaken intestinal peristalsis.
Production day
Feed as little as possible, ensure the air circulation in the pigsty, provide high-quality fresh drinking water, and clean the ground. In order to prevent newborn piglets from being trampled to death and injured by sows; Even some sows will have weak delivery and dystocia, so they should always be around the sows to observe their status.
piglet
be born
Wipe the sticky secretions of piglets with a towel containing 0. 1% potassium permanganate solution, so that piglets can breathe in time and avoid the death of newborn piglets due to suffocation.
Within 6 hours after birth
The temperature should be controlled at 30-34℃, put in an incubator for 20-30 minutes, and then start the work of cutting teeth and tails.
piglet
Before eating colostrum
Oral administration of 2ml gentamicin per piglet can effectively prevent the occurrence of red, yellow and white dysentery and improve the disease resistance. Let piglets eat colostrum in time, which can effectively obtain the initial immune antibody and improve the disease resistance of piglets.
Born two days ago
Each piglet was injected with pseudorabies vaccine by nasal drip, and each piglet was injected with 0.5 ml by nasal drip. Pay attention to the time of nasal drip, and make sure that the medicine is in place and there is no omission.
piglet
Three days after birth
Each piglet was injected with 1 ml iron agent (note: some iron agents with poor quality can be appropriately increased) and 0.5 ml of 0. 1% sodium selenite -VE injection. At this stage, piglets grow and develop rapidly, and have a large demand for iron, which is prone to iron deficiency anemia, enteritis and selenium-deficient diarrhea. Symptomatic treatment can effectively reduce the loss of dehydration death.
One week after birth
Start feeding and train the digestive system of piglets. Supplementing feed as early as possible can reduce the weight of weaned piglets, avoid individual piglets not eating feed, reduce stress, and thus grow healthily. It can improve the utilization rate and effectively reduce the occurrence of digestive tract and gastrointestinal diseases.
weanling pig
The weaning time of piglets should start from the age of 28 days. When the piglets are weaned, the sow gets out of bed first, and the piglets stay in the delivery room for 7 days to keep the original environment and the feed used remains unchanged. Drugs can be added to the drinking water of piglets for health care, and some electrolyte multivitamins, glucose powder and astragalus polysaccharide powder can be added to the drinking water, which can effectively prevent the weaning stress of piglets and can be transferred to the nursery for feeding after 7 days.