The bachelor's degree is awarded by institutions of higher learning authorized by the State Council, and the master's degree and doctor's degree are awarded by institutions of higher learning and scientific research institutions authorized by the State Council. Undergraduate graduates of institutions of higher learning who have achieved excellent results and reached the prescribed academic level are awarded bachelor's degrees; Graduate students from institutions of higher learning and scientific research institutions, or those who have the same academic ability as graduate students, pass the master's (doctoral) degree course examination and thesis defense, and reach the prescribed academic level, are awarded master's (doctoral) degree schools. Institutions of higher learning and scientific research institutions that confer academic degrees shall, after academic degree evaluation committee has made a resolution on conferring academic degrees, issue corresponding degree certificates to degree winners.
Outstanding scholars or famous social activists at home and abroad may be awarded honorary doctorates upon nomination by the degree-conferring unit and approval by the the State Council Academic Degrees Committee.
Question 2: What's the difference between a doctor and a postdoctoral fellow? Doctor is the highest degree, which means the highest level you can get as a student (in some countries, doctoral students are also working, such as Germany). A postdoctoral fellow is a kind of work or semi-work experience after a doctoral student graduates or obtains a doctorate. Postdoctoral research is not a degree, but an experience. In developed countries, that is, the birthplace of postdoctoral doctors, it is difficult for many doctors to find fixed jobs after graduation, but they are prepared to strive for fixed jobs and engage in certain research work in the units they want to go to (usually universities or other scientific research institutions). This experience is postdoctoral. In our country, it is almost completely stale, and it is more like postdoctoral education in form. You need to enter the so-called postdoctoral workstation and issue an experience certificate after leaving the station. What you need to understand is that in almost all countries, including China, the highest degree is a doctor, and postdoctoral work is just a kind of work experience (although it is more like a degree in China, it is still classified as work experience).
Question 3: What does a postdoctoral fellow do? Postdoctoral, not a degree, usually refers to a doctoral degree winner who is allowed to enter a postdoctoral research station to engage in scientific research. It can also be said that postdoctoral represents a kind of work experience, but some postdoctoral researchers do not have doctoral degrees abroad, so postdoctoral is more specifically a temporary research work experience.
1876 (the third year), John? Hopkins University has established a research fund to support outstanding young scholars to engage in scientific research under better research conditions. People call them "postdoctoral fellows" because four of the 20 people who were initially funded by the Fund received their doctorates. From 1983 to 1984, Mr. Li Zhengdao, a Nobel Prize winner and Chinese physicist, wrote to Comrade * * * twice, suggesting that China should implement the postdoctoral system. 1984 In May, Comrade * * * met with Li Zhengdao in the Great Hall of the People and listened carefully to his opinions and ideas on implementing the postdoctoral system. He immediately said, "This is a new method and system for cultivating and using scientific and technological talents." 1In July, 985, the State Council approved the establishment of a postdoctoral research mobile station and tried out the postdoctoral system-China formally established the postdoctoral system.
Question 4: Is postdoctoral a degree? What is a bachelor's degree? Bachelor is the title of undergraduate course,
Master is the title of graduate student,
Obviously, he has a high graduate degree.
Postdoctoral system
The postdoctoral system refers to the establishment of some special posts in domestic universities and scientific research institutions, or large enterprises, high-tech enterprises, overseas students' pioneer parks and scientific research and production institutions, and the selection of outstanding young people with doctoral degrees to engage in scientific research within the prescribed time limit.
"Postdoctoral" means an experience. Doctor is the highest degree, so "postdoctoral" can not be regarded as a higher degree than doctor, and postdoctoral researchers can not be awarded any other degree title. At the same time, "postdoctoral" is not a professional technical or administrative position.
Question 5: What does postdoctoral mean? First of all, a postdoctoral fellow is not a degree, but a doctoral degree winner who is allowed to enter Post-Doctoral Research Center for scientific research. It can also be said that postdoctoral represents a kind of work experience.
Postdoctoral
brief introduction
Refers to the stage of engaging in research work in institutions of higher learning or research institutions for a certain period after obtaining a doctorate; It also refers to the personnel who carry out special research in postdoctoral mobile stations. Not a position.
People's misunderstanding
Postdoctoral students can easily be misunderstood as "postdoctoral students are doctors or above". Postdoctoral stations are actually mobile workstations. Eligible doctors can apply to be postdoctoral in the post-doctoral mobile station recognized by the state, and do corresponding research projects during the period. After the expiration, they can leave the station. In order to further improve the postdoctoral system in China, encourage the majority of postdoctoral researchers to work hard and achieve greater scientific research results, the thirteenth meeting of the National Postdoctoral Management Committee decided to issue postdoctoral certificates to postdoctoral researchers who have left the station and reached a certain standard (usually two years). Therefore, postdoctoral work is actually a kind of work, and having a doctorate is a necessary condition for applying to become a postdoctoral fellow.
A postdoctoral fellow refers to a person who has recently obtained a doctorate. Before becoming full-time researchers, they obtained subsidies from relevant departments through competition and engaged in research work in high-level research institutions to gain scientific research experience. These people are generally called postdoctoral researchers, or simply "postdoctoral researchers".
Postdoctoral research is actually just an experience after getting a doctorate. It is neither a degree nor a professional title. He is another research job. In western developed countries, due to the special needs of professors there, it is generally impossible to find a job or experience this job immediately. Of course, he is very helpful to adapt to future research work. There is no fixed limit to this time period, and some topics take a long time. Professional titles are said in our country, but only in foreign countries. Some people may have worked as postdocs for several years before finding a job.
Not a degree, not a title, just a name in the process of experience.
With the increasingly fierce competition in science and technology, the cultivation of talents, especially young and senior research talents, has attracted much attention from all countries, and the postdoctoral system has become an important way to cultivate top-notch talents in many countries.
After obtaining a doctorate, I will engage in research work in institutions of higher learning or research institutions. Also refers to postdoctoral researchers.
Question 6: Those older than doctors are all postdoctoral. Is there anyone bigger than a postdoctoral fellow? What is this? There is no objection that a postdoctoral doctor first gets a doctorate, but it is by no means higher than a doctorate. What a postdoctoral doctor really means is that the doctor can't find a suitable job (fixed job) for a while, so he goes back to his tutor or research unit to continue his experiments and get half of his usual salary (verb, called postdoctoral doctor). Often, after the tutor (professor) applies for the research fund, he finds several cheap doctors to complete the research together. The doctors are called postdoctoral doctors during their research here. China has its own characteristics, and it is also necessary for enterprises (groups) to set up postdoctoral mobile stations to develop products.
Postdoctoral research is not a degree.
The highest honor is an academician of the two academies, right?
Question 7: How can I become a postdoctoral fellow, and what is the difference from a doctor?
Postdoctoral degree refers to the stage of engaging in research work in institutions of higher learning or research institutions for a certain period after obtaining a doctorate; It also refers to the personnel who carry out special research in postdoctoral mobile stations. Postdoctoral researchers refer to those who are registered with the approval of the Office of the National Postdoctoral Management Committee and engaged in postdoctoral scientific research at mobile stations or workstations. It has the following characteristics:
1 and "postdoctoral" indicate an experience. Doctor is the highest degree, so "postdoctoral" can not be regarded as a higher degree than doctor, and postdoctoral researchers can not be awarded any other degree title. At the same time, "postdoctoral" is not a professional technical or administrative position.
2. Postdoctoral researchers are mainly engaged in scientific research, which is often exploratory, pioneering and innovative.
3. Postdoctoral researchers are official national staff, not students. During the postdoctoral research, the length of service shall be calculated as other regular employees, and they shall enjoy the same treatment as the regular employees of their own units in addition to the preferential treatment provided by the state.
4. For the station-setting unit, postdoctoral fellows are time-limited staff and are not included in the official establishment. They must flow out of the station after their work expires. They are actually in a state of mobility before they get a fixed job.
Second, the application and approval
1. Applicants must obtain a doctorate, be excellent in character and scholarship, be in good health, and generally be under 40 years old.
2, commissioned by the generation of training, directional training of doctors and on-the-job personnel, active servicemen, apply for postdoctoral research work must obtain the consent of the relevant units. On-the-job personnel shall not apply for * * * to engage in postdoctoral research. Doctors trained by the station-setting unit.
3. Generally, it is not allowed to apply to the mobile station of the same discipline in this unit to engage in postdoctoral research.
4. The applicant first applies to the interested station establishment unit. And provide audit materials according to the specific recruitment requirements of each station unit.
5. If the applicant station unit is a workstation unit, it should be distinguished whether it is qualified for independent recruitment. If the applicant does not have the qualification to recruit postdoctoral researchers independently, the applicant shall also make a joint recruitment request to the mobile station unit at the same time.
6. After the applicant has passed the preliminary examination, it shall be reported to the State Guanbo Office or the postdoctoral department of the relevant province (city) for examination and registration.
Third, the materials needed for the pit stop procedures
1. Basic materials to be provided for applying for postdoctoral researchers:
Postdoctoral application form;
Letter of recommendation from experts;
Copy of ID card;
A copy of the doctoral degree certificate or a resolution of the doctoral thesis defense Committee;
Other materials required by the station establishment unit.
Note: The specific materials to be filled in are subject to the "National Postdoctoral Interactive Online Office System".
2. Relevant applicants shall also provide the following materials:
Doctoral students are required to provide "recommendations from the Education Department of People's Republic of China (PRC) (Group) and Chinese embassies and consulates abroad" or certificates of returned overseas students and cancellation of household registration (provided by those who have cancelled their household registration before going abroad); A doctor who has obtained a long-term residence permit abroad must submit a copy of the certificate;
Commissioned generation training, orientation training of doctors and on-the-job personnel, active servicemen, should provide commissioned training units, orientation training units, the personnel department of the original work unit or the military cadres at or above the division level to agree that they are postdoctoral. If you can choose your own job after leaving the station, you must also have written proof materials issued by the above departments to choose your own job;
Resignation personnel should provide the certificate that the personnel department of the original unit agrees to resign or the resignation certificate issued by the talent flow service agency affiliated to the personnel department at the same level of the original unit (the State Council ministries and commissions and institutions directly under Beijing can be issued by the talent flow service agency affiliated to the local personnel department);
Demobilized (ex-servicemen) must provide officers' demobilization certificates (ex-servicemen's certificates), or certificates that cadres at or above the division level of the original army agree to demobilization (ex-servicemen), or letters from cadres of the General Political Department approving demobilization (ex-servicemen);
Full-time certificates are required for applying for postdoctoral positions;
4. Materials approved and issued by the management organization.
1, approved by the national pipe wave office or the postdoctoral department of the relevant province (city) for postdoctoral;
2. Letter of introduction of post-doctoral researchers' household registration transfer (not applicable to applicants who cannot choose their own jobs after leaving the station);
3, postdoctoral researchers spouse mobility certificate;
4. Letter of introduction for children to go to school to open a nursery.
Five, there are a few points that need special explanation.
1, not taken when entering the station ... >>
Question 8: What is a postdoctoral fellow? What's the difference with a doctor? Postdoctoral students easily misunderstand that postdoctoral students are doctors or above; The postdoctoral station is actually a mobile workstation. Eligible doctors can apply to be postdoctoral in the post-doctoral mobile station recognized by the state, and do corresponding research projects during the period. After the expiration, they can leave the station. In order to further improve the postdoctoral system in China, encourage the majority of postdoctoral researchers to work hard and achieve greater scientific research results, the thirteenth meeting of the National Postdoctoral Management Committee decided to issue postdoctoral certificates to postdoctoral researchers who have left the station and reached a certain standard (usually two years). Therefore, postdoctoral work is actually a kind of work, and having a doctorate is a necessary condition for applying to become a postdoctoral fellow.
Question 9: What do you mean by' postdoctoral withdrawal'? This is just a popular social phenomenon. In fact, leaving a job means that there is no original special environment and soil for you to choose with your diploma. In addition to professional counterparts, most people must also have absolute work performance! ! ! !
Question 10: What is a postdoctoral fellow, not a degree, but a doctoral degree winner who is allowed to enter a postdoctoral research mobile station to engage in scientific research? It can also be said that postdoctoral represents a kind of work experience.
Doctor is the highest degree in China!
Postdoctoral work content
1, theoretical, practical and applied research in scientific research; 2. Participate in and complete important national scientific research tasks; 3. Participate in the research of important international cooperation projects; 4. Responsible for key technology research and development projects [1].