The central argument of the article. Therefore, before writing, we must carefully analyze and think about the topic in order to accurately grasp the meaning, key points and specific requirements of the topic. Only by thoroughly understanding the topic can you write an article that meets the meaning of the topic.
There are basically two kinds of propositional writing in argumentative papers: one is "propositional writing" and the other is "writing for materials". There are two forms of propositional composition, one is a propositional composition with hints and restrictions, and the other is a propositional composition with restrictions but no hints. As for writing for materials, the proposition is generally in two forms, one is to provide materials and make a composition, the other is to provide only materials, and the topic is drawn up by the candidates themselves. The above propositional methods are similar in essence, so we should pay attention to the following when examining the questions:
1. Understand the meaning of the title text accurately. The meaning of the words used in the topic of propositional composition is mostly clear, but sometimes there may be some dialect words with local color. For example, the essay title "Don't make ostentation and extravagance" in the second half of 1992 is easy for northerners to understand. The so-called "ostentation and extravagance" is what they often say, and it is useless. For southerners, it is not so easy to understand. Many people would not understand the true meaning of "showiness" if there were no hints such as "emphasizing practical work and opposing formalism" in front of this composition exam. When encountering such problems, don't take it for granted (some candidates understand "flower stand" as a "wooden shelf" or "iron shelf" for placing flowerpots). Only by reading the suggestive words carefully can we really understand the true connotation of the composition topic.
2. Pay attention to analyzing the language structure of the topic, and make clear the object, scope and focus of discussion. The analysis of the language structure of the topic refers to the analysis of the relationship between words in the topic, such as "orders must be carried out, prohibitions must be stopped", "many lines of injustice must be hanged" and "my values" The first topic belongs to the coordinate relationship, the second topic belongs to the conditional causal relationship, and the third topic belongs to the partial positive structure. Is a parallel relationship, then the two are independent, interrelated and complementary. When discussing, we should pay attention to both. We should not only pay attention to the former and ignore the latter, nor should we ignore the latter, let alone the latter and ignore the former. It is a conditional causal relationship, so we should focus on their causal relationship in the process of argumentation. The discussion focused on modifiers. The word "values" has a wide meaning, and different people have different values. If we talk about "values" without "I" in the argument, we will deviate from the theme and fail to meet the writing requirements of the article. When reviewing questions, we must pay attention to grasping and understanding the relationship between words, so as to grasp the focus, object and scope of discussion.
3. If the meaning of the topic implies metaphor or symbolic meaning, we should pay attention to careful consideration and deliberation, and we must understand and appreciate its metaphor or symbolic meaning through literal depth.
4. If you are writing materials, you must read the materials provided carefully. Reading is an essential step.
Reading comprehension means that you can understand the content and meaning of the material better and more accurately. If it is classical Chinese, you should read the words and sentences one by one. Only by fully grasping and understanding the content of the provided materials can we grasp the theme and argument of the article and avoid writing in a hurry without even understanding the materials or fully understanding them.
(B) Grasp the perspective of argument
To write an argumentative essay, we must first establish a central argument, and only with an argument can we demonstrate it. For propositional composition, there are the following situations: First, the topic contains the central argument of the article. For example, in the first half of 1995, the topic "Too much is not enough" and "too much is not enough" is the central argument of the article, and candidates do not need to re-establish arguments for such topics. Second, the topic only shows the theme of the article, and does not contain the central argument of the article. For example, the "time" in Talking about Time can only be used as a topic, only pointing out the scope and content of the article, and cannot be used as the central argument of the article. When writing, we should concretize the discussion center and extract specific and clear central arguments, such as "time is life" and "time is money". If you are writing for materials, the topic is self-made. You should not only understand the connotation contained in the materials, but also establish specific arguments within the limits of the materials. Under the principle of not violating the basic requirements of the proposition and the basic spirit of the materials provided, it is best to choose an argument that gives you something to write from the perspective that you know best, are most familiar with the deepest feelings and are most experienced.
(3) Arrange the structure of the article
The structure of the article, that is, the layout of the article, is the arrangement of arguments and arguments in the argumentative paper. Although the writing in the examination room is short, it is still necessary to write the article as an organic whole, arrange the arguments and arguments, make the arguments revolve around the arguments and fully demonstrate the arguments. In order to make the article clear, the structure can be arranged into three stages: first, put forward the argument. Put forward an argument, you can go straight to the point, and put forward your own point of view at the beginning, which can give a clear impression; You can also use methods such as quoting the problem or tracing the source of the problem. The second is to demonstrate with arguments. There are several ways of argument: (1) positive and negative argument. Many essay questions in the exam are neutral, which can be demonstrated from the front or from the back. (2) Hierarchical argumentation. This kind of demonstration means that before the demonstration, the problems of the demonstration are deeply analyzed, all aspects of the topic are explored clearly, and several basic characteristics are summarized, and then the analysis and demonstration are carried out from the shallow to the deep, from the surface to the inside. (3) Parallel argumentation. This way of argument is a question of argument. Under the command of the general argument, it is demonstrated from several aspects, and the relationship between them is parallel. Finally, it is a summary of the full text, echoing the argument. This structure is the most basic mode of argumentative writing, and this step-by-step writing method is the most secure in the case of taking the exam in the examination room.
(D) examples of flexible use
Writing an argumentative essay is to state facts and reasons. This needs to be combined with reality, demonstrated with examples and facts, so as to enrich and convince the article. Many candidates seldom write and lack the accumulation of materials, so they can't write at all when they come to the exam. In view of this, every candidate should pay more attention to reading newspapers and books and accumulate materials. In the on-site examination, we should first try to adopt flexible methods to misappropriate or process the materials we have mastered and thought of, and make them appropriate and convincing according to the needs of argumentation. Of course, this kind of treatment should also be moderate and decent, and we can't make do with it at will. We should pay attention to deleting materials that are inconsistent with our views. Secondly, when selecting materials, we should try our best to choose the representative materials that can best illustrate the argument. There are not many facts or theoretical materials, but the essence. Thirdly, when selecting materials, we should strive to be novel, and avoid always choosing a few commonly used materials when coming and going, and the words are always those words, which makes readers feel very boring.
(5) Full and specific reasoning and discussion.
A good argumentative essay should not only use representative, novel and convincing materials as arguments, but also pay attention to full and specific discussion and reasoning. Many candidates are used to taking examples with opinions. After making an opinion, they will cite some examples. From beginning to end, what they saw was the accumulation of materials, lack of analysis and discussion. This situation is mainly due to the lack of broad thinking, the lack of understanding of association, the lack of understanding of extension and play, and the lack of knowing where to discuss and play.
In order to broaden the thinking of the article, we should mention a few more why. For example, the title of the composition in the second half of 1995 is to read the last paragraph of Liang Qichao's On Perseverance. Generally, candidates say that where there is a will, there is a way, and perseverance is the guarantee of career success. Then they cited many typical examples to prove it.