At present, China's ceramsite production equipment adopts industrial rotary kiln. The cylindrical main kiln body is placed on the supporting wheels at an inclination angle of about 3 with the horizontal plane. The material enters the kiln from the high end, and under the action of the rotary motion of the kiln body, the material rolls down from the high end (kiln end) to the low end (kiln head). At the same time, at the kiln head, the high-pressure fan injects pulverized coal (or other fuels such as natural gas) into the kiln to make it burn fully. The generated heat makes the material undergo physical and chemical changes and expand, and after cooling, it is ceramsite.

The technical requirements for producing fly ash ceramsite are as follows:

1, fineness: 4900 holes /M2, and screen allowance less than 40%. If it is coarse ash, fine ash must be mixed. (The fly ash ceramsite equipment used here includes screening equipment such as finished product screen).

2. Residual carbon content: High carbon content can reduce the consumption of solid fuel, thus saving fuel. However, if the carbon content is too high, even if solid fuel is not added, it will still exceed the matching requirements, resulting in overheating during roasting. Therefore, the carbon content of fly ash should generally not be higher than 10%, and it is hoped that the carbon content will be stable.

3, fly ash should not be mixed with harmful impurities, such as massive cinder, weeds, etc.

4. High temperature performance: the high temperature deformation temperature should be 1200~ 1300 degrees Celsius, and the softening temperature should be about 1500 degrees Celsius.

5, chemical composition, generally not strictly limited. However, the Fe2O3 content of iron oxide should not be greater than 10%, and it is hoped that Na2O containing sodium oxide, K2O containing potassium oxide and SO3 containing sulfur trioxide will be more. This is because FeO produced by iron oxide reduction has obvious fluxing effect, but too much FeO will reduce the roasting temperature range, which is not conducive to roasting control. Sodium oxide and potassium oxide not only help to reduce the roasting temperature, but also make the roasting temperature range wider, which is beneficial to roasting control. Sulfur trioxide often causes serious corrosion to equipment and pipelines.

Working principle of fly ash ceramsite equipment: the production process of fly ash is as follows: raw materials (fly ash+quantitative additives) are mixed and ground, granulated, burned, stacked and transported (bagged). Double-drum rotary kiln should be used to produce fly ash ceramic particles, that is, the rotating speed of preheating section and drying section of kiln body can be controlled independently, so as to control preheating time according to the state of raw materials. In recent years, due to the limitation of land resources, the production and use of clay ceramsite have been banned in some areas. However, in some areas, river silt and abandoned mountain soil can be used for production. The technological process is as follows: raw materials are stirred, granulated, screened, sintered, stacked and transported (bagged). Attention should be paid to the operation to prevent the materials from caking in the kiln and affecting the quality.

Product features of fly ash ceramsite equipment: the main equipment for producing ceramsite mainly includes: raw material storage bin, dust settling chamber, induced draft fan, main kiln body, coal injection system and control cabinet. Among them, the feeder at the lower part of the raw material bin, the rotating speed of kiln body and the amount of arch coal are all stepless speed regulation, so as to adjust their process parameters and obtain the maximum output on the premise of ensuring the product quality.

Technical parameters of fly ash ceramsite equipment

1, the main raw materials: fly ash, coal gangue, tailings powder and other waste residues;

2. Annual design output: 25,000 cubic meters of fly ash unburned ceramsite and 35,000 cubic meters of lightweight hollow ceramsite concrete blocks. If the mold is changed, 8 million hollow ceramsite bricks or 6,543,800,000 standard ceramsite bricks can be produced.

3. Land area: about 10 ~ 12 mu;

4. Single class capacity: about 20 people;

5. Total installed capacity: about 70 kilowatts;

6, semi-mechanized production, no waste gas, waste water, waste residue, etc. It is produced in the production process and meets the requirements of environmental protection and energy saving.

There are many equipments for preparing fly ash ceramsite. It is recommended to use the powerful granulator or ceramsite sand granulator (ceramsite sand granulation tank) produced by Henan Songshan Heavy Industry Co., Ltd., which mainly includes extrusion granulator, granulation barrel, roller granulator and granulation disc. At present, ceramsite granulation pot is widely used in China for granulation. Its main advantages are good pellet quality, simple operation and flexible adjustment, but its disadvantages are high technical requirements and strict control by skilled workers.