introduce
Coal chemical enterprises use a lot of water, so the wastewater discharge is also high. The wastewater discharged by coal chemical enterprises mainly comes from coal coking and gas purification. Coal chemical enterprises have a large amount of wastewater, and the wastewater quality is also very complicated. It mainly contains phenol and ammonia, and also contains a lot of harmful substances such as biphenyl, pyridine indole and quinoline. The wastewater from coal chemical enterprises is very toxic. If the wastewater from coal chemical enterprises is discharged directly without treatment, it will do great harm to people or crops around the wastewater. Therefore, it has become an urgent problem for us to achieve the wastewater discharge standard of coal chemical enterprises and reduce the wastewater discharge, which is the practical need to protect the environment and realize sustainable development. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the research on zero discharge of wastewater from coal chemical enterprises. The author thinks that the wastewater treatment of coal chemical enterprises can start from the following aspects.
A fixed type of biotechnology
The so-called fixed biotechnology refers to the new technology developed in 2 1 century. For example, the biological aeration tank uses natural and powerful biological materials such as biological ceramsite and biological volcanic rock filter as filter materials, which has certain pertinence. The pertinence here refers to the treatment range of wastewater. This method can realize the selection of those fungi with fixed advantages and those domesticated fungi, so that they can treat isoquinoline and other substances in the wastewater of coal chemical enterprises. At the same time, it is different from our ordinary sludge treatment method. This fixed biotechnology will be able to deal with those refractory organic substances that are six to seven times higher. In addition, the dominant strains after fixation and domestication have strong degradation ability and relatively fast degradation speed. In less than 8 hours, it can effectively remove about 90% of refractory organic matter in wastewater.
Second, more advanced oxidation technology.
Organic compounds have certain diversity and complexity, but also bring some difficulties to the corresponding wastewater treatment work. Most of these organic compounds are phenols and organic compounds containing certain nitrogen elements, which are difficult to be degraded, so it is a big problem for the corresponding wastewater to come out, which also causes difficulties in the subsequent treatment process to some extent. The advanced oxidation technology proposed here can solve this problem well, which mainly produces free radical HO in water for a certain period of time. A large part of organic compounds in coal chemical production wastewater are degraded indiscriminately by free radicals, and the final products are co2 and water. Advanced oxidation methods can be divided into catalytic oxidation, heterogeneous wet catalytic oxidation and other types of catalytic oxidation. Adopting reasonable catalytic oxidation method in the corresponding pretreatment process of wastewater from coal chemical production can increase the biodegradability of wastewater itself to a certain extent, and at the same time, it can effectively remove COD. However, in the process of pretreatment and application, the corresponding consumption is much larger than the general treatment method, and its own effect is not very prominent, and the economic benefit is also reduced to a certain extent, so this method is only used in advanced treatment.
Three. Activated sludge process
Activated sludge method is to make our activated sludge evenly distributed and suspended in our reactors and wastewater by artificial aeration, fully combine with wastewater, and thoroughly synthesize and decompose related organic substances contained in wastewater in the presence of dissolved oxygen. In this activity, organic substances begin to be used by microorganisms and dissolved. In addition, new microorganisms are continuously synthesized to supplement and maintain the balance between microorganisms (activated sludge) needed by the reactor and excess sludge discharged from the reactor.
Four, carbon-biological iron method
At present, due to overload operation or other reasons, the treated water quality can not meet the standard in some domestic manufacturers. Carbon bio-iron method is based on traditional biological method, which carries out activated carbon biosorption and filtration treatment. This is aged activated carbon for biological regeneration. The process is very simple, easy to operate, less equipment and low cost. In addition, carbon does not need to be used often, so we can reduce the cost of treatment. If we find that the wastewater from our coal chemical enterprises has not reached the discharge standard after biological treatment, we can use this method to clean the wastewater again.
In short, the wastewater treatment of coal chemical enterprises should first pay attention to the source treatment, try to improve the utilization rate of water and minimize the discharge of sewage; After the terminal treatment, the sewage is concentrated by membrane after reaching the environmental protection standard. Fresh water will be reused for production, while concentrated water will be partially reused for coal ash humidification or other suitable places. If the local water body is acceptable, the water exceeding the standard can be discharged up to the standard. If it is not allowed, it is best to pretreat the water quality and then extract the salt by heating and evaporation. Condensed water will be reused for production and salt will be sold.
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