Chu ci Lisao
Li Sao is a representative work of Qu Yuan, a concentrated expression of Qu Yuan's political ambition and practical ideal, and an important material for understanding Qu Yuan's life and deeds. For the interpretation and analysis of Li Sao, predecessors have done too much and seen too many things. However, in the face of these complicated information, how should we choose, evaluate and quote? Of course, no matter what choice they make, one thing is the same, that is, they are all interested in Qu Yuan's surging patriotism and selfless enthusiasm for his country. Today, what I want to do is to be popular all over the world and explore Qu Yuan's patriotism in the eyes of fools.
At that time, the world was in the Warring States period. After hundreds of years of annexation war, only seven countries, namely Qi, Chu, Yan, Han, Zhao, Wei and Qin, were left, and only Qin, Chu and Qi had the strength to compete for hegemony in the world. Therefore, the world at this time, as described by Han Feizi, is a "hegemony". The degree of war has reached a white-hot stage, and the political struggle is more complicated, and Qu Yuan was born in such an unpredictable era. "I have both inner beauty and self-cultivation. If I want to keep Jiang and the monarch, I think I can admire them." In Li Sao, the poet once described his youth in such a meticulous way, which fully reflected the poet's firm belief in his talents and his infinite vision and * * * power to realize his political ambitions. However, the poet who thinks he is full of thanks to Mr. Wang can't escape the sad ending of being unhappy and finally dying in the belly of a fish. What is the reason?
The predecessors made in-depth and detailed analysis and research on the causes of Qu Yuan's tragedy, and finally reached the conclusion that "no plan is a bad king" in the poem at the beginning of the article. In ancient times, the wisdom or stupidity of the emperor did affect the prosperity and decline of the country, but should Chu Huaiwang be responsible for Qu Yuan's tragedy? The author doesn't think so.
Qu Zi is worried about the country.
First of all, the key to Qu Yuan's tragedy is that he is upright, upright and invincible. China's officialdom is a place full of stormy waves and reefs. If he is not careful, his reputation for thousands of years will be ruined. No friends, no affection, no morality and benevolence, only naked disputes over interests and rights. The Great Sage is like the Duke of Zhou, and the Wise Man is like a king. The monarch and his subjects are inevitably rude. What's more, it's just Qu Yuan, a distant relative of the King of Chu. Qu Yuan only knew that he was devoted to serving foreign countries, but he never knew that this Chu State was not his, but that it belonged to Chu Huaiwang and Xiang Wang. What he should do is not to intervene, so that the emperor will never be threatened and dissatisfied, but just stay here. Since ancient times, the struggle for the throne and the family affairs of emperors have been the important reasons for the turmoil in the world. For three generations, this bloody killing and cruel struggle has been staged too much. Once it finally became a business, it almost never ended the tragedy of cannibalism. Therefore, for people from officialdom, the first thing to learn is how to protect themselves. Only by protecting themselves first can they have a chance to display their talents and realize their great ambitions. However, all this is vain and empty in Qu Yuan's view. There is nothing to mention. He just kept shouting and screaming, but he didn't seem to be wary of traitors and villains around him. His innocence and enthusiasm eventually led to his tragedy. How can a person who can't even protect himself protect the whole world? Since later generations, there have been too many examples of people who are full of ambition but finally wait for the opportunity to get what they want. For example, Liu Bang, Emperor Guangwu of Han Dynasty, Liu Xiu, Han Zhaolie, Liu Bei and Tang Gaozu Li Yuan. It's not like this, but learning like Qu Yuan will never be understood. Maybe Dr. San Lv doesn't understand, but he just doesn't want to do it.
In Women's Commandment and Fisherman, Qu Yuan, as always, lived in exile in Geng Jie for several years, but became more outspoken and sharp. Facing the fisherman's "saint", he did not indulge in things, but kept pace with the times. The world is muddy, why not spit its mud and make waves? Everyone is drunk, why not feed the bad ones? Why think carefully, hold high and fight high, and let yourself become? "When exhorting, Qu Yuan's answer is:" The new bather plays the crown, and the new bather shakes his clothes. Ann can observe with her own body, but what about the person who collects things? I would rather go to the fragrant willow and be buried in the belly of a river fish, so that I can be covered with the dust of the world together with the white color! Faced with such a direct and resentful answer, it is not difficult to imagine that Qu Yuan has completely divorced from his beloved motherland and from the "beauty" who cries day and night. At this moment, if he says there is any attachment, then only ordinary people trapped between fire and water are left, which also reveals more clearly that Qu Yuan's tragedy is inevitable. This childlike, straightforward and cheerful personality is a blessing to a poet, but it is an inevitable fatal wound to a politician who wants to make great achievements in politics. Therefore, the author believes that Qu Yuan's funeral is caused by his fatal personality.
Qu zi xing yin ze pan
Secondly, Qu Yuan's patriotism is one-sided and narrow-minded. After reading the full text of Li Sao, we can clearly know two facts:
First, Qu Yuan mentioned many metaphors of the king's intention, such as "beauty, vanilla", and expressed deep and helpless feelings for them. It can be seen that Qu Yuan only regarded Chu as the property of his family, and then forbade all other individuals to destroy it. He did not really love this land, these people.
Second: In the second half of Li Sao, Qu Yuan kept shouting: "I take a long breath to hide my tears and lament the hardships of people's lives." Obviously, Qu Yuan was so heartless to the sufferings of people's livelihood. He spoke loudly and longed for a wise monarch and a wise minister to save the people in from the mire. So are these two emotions contradictory? These two emotions are not contradictory, but they are contradictory when they are concentrated on Qu Yuan. Why do you say that? Qu Yuan loves Chu, and he is eager to build his motherland into a country with universal unity, so that people can get rid of the quagmire and live and work in peace and contentment. However, when he was exiled by the monarch and ministers of Chu, he lost the platform and opportunity to realize this dream. Of course, at this moment, there is another road in front of him, which has also made countless heroes and made great contributions to his motherland and the world. Such as "Su Qin, Zhang Yi, Sun Wu, Le Yi", etc. At this time, Qu Yuan could undoubtedly practice his life ambition through such a road, but he chose to join Miluo and eventually died in the stomach of a fish. Why is this?
It is inevitable that Qu Yuan loves the people, so why would he rather be buried in the belly of a fish than be an official in another country to find a way out for the people struggling in the quagmire? Is it true that the people of Chu are people and the people of other countries are not people? So narrow, how can you help the king unify the world and mix Kyushu? In front of the country and the world, where is the personal honor and disgrace? Confucius said, "If you don't lose your ambition, you won't disgrace yourself. As for Liu Xiahui, if you don't join us, you will be humiliated. " What does Confucius want from the doctor? The author thinks that Confucius, who worked for 72 emperors and wanted to be an entertainer, has traveled to six countries for decades, which can be described as "humiliation".
Qu Zi threw himself into the river.
It is true that if Qu Yuan is willing to serve other countries and chooses a wise monarch to serve them, the author still thinks that his tragic fate is inevitable, which can be seen from his arrogant and upright character in Li Sao!
Li Sao is a poem with 373 sentences and 2477 words. Its content is profound, its artistic conception is broad, its images are rich, its style is unique, its conception is amazing, its rhetoric is gorgeous, its verve is magnificent and its lyric is profound. It can be said that it is unique from ancient times to the present and has a far-reaching impact on the development of later literature. This is not unusual and understandable. It is an indispensable bright pearl in Chinese civilization.
Mr. Wang Guowei, a literary critic of later generations, once commented on Li Yu: "Being a poet is really unparalleled, and being a poor and unlucky king." The author thinks that Qu Yuan is not equal to Li Yu in terms of poetics and literary talent, or in terms of political struggle. Although we met. We understand. What is the relationship between acquaintances? It has been thousands of years since the end of the world, and the ancients all know it, but we should also talk about it in the nine secluded places. Therefore, the author does not take the liberty to flatter the doctor with Mr. Wang Guowei's quip, saying, "Being a poet is really a peerless wretch."