Middle school men's 1000m running and women's 800m running are indispensable main events in middle school physical exercise, and endurance running exercises have a positive effect on strengthening students' physique. However, because it is a long-term single-cycle practice, it is boring, and most students are afraid and lack interest. How to turn boring and lasting running teaching into painless teaching is the key to solve the problem. In this paper, painless practice is used in class.
The application in teaching is discussed.
Keywords endurance running, painless physical education classroom teaching practice
1, preface
Because of its own characteristics, middle and long distance running teaching is boring and painful in most people's eyes. It is better to play ball and do aerobics. Therefore, most students are afraid of running for a long time.
In long-distance running teaching, the traditional view is that the appearance of "pole" is a normal physiological reaction, and only by overcoming the pain of "pole" with tenacious will can we improve our endurance. But have we overlooked the characteristics of others? Their endurance to pain is really true, and their psychological fatigue comes earlier. It should be said that there are not a few students with this characteristic in the teaching group, and their mental state can often affect the mood of the whole class. In addition, most students are only children, spoiled and lack of fighting spirit, so long-distance running is a kind of pain for most students. The guiding ideology of the new curriculum teaching is to advocate all-round education as the starting point and destination, face lifelong education, start with emotional teaching, and emphasize the combination of learning, learning, body and mind, so that students can exercise, hone their will and cultivate their sentiment in an intimate and harmonious environment between teachers and students, so as to make their body and mind develop in an all-round and harmonious way. In the teaching concept, it is emphasized that school physical education must be all-round sports, successful sports and lifelong sports. Physical education class must develop emotion and body, and the physical education teaching structure should be a three-dimensional structure integrating cognition, emotion and body development. The "painless exercise method" is put forward in the hope of improving the functions of respiratory system and cardiovascular system and developing endurance, while maintaining a happy mood, reducing students' fears and experiencing the joy of exercise.
2. About painless exercises.
From the middle-aged and elderly people who run in the morning, we find that they have persisted for ten years. They seem to have no pain except clear purpose and strong will. Many people still feel happy and relaxed after exercise. So, what good methods do they have? Through observation and research, we can find that their similarity is: 1, with two or more running companions. 2. The speed will naturally relax. 3. There are basically no poles. And the effect is remarkable.
From this, we can summarize the painless practice of long-distance running as an exercise method with clear goals, in which two or more running partners run at a relaxed natural speed and find a comfortable feeling from it, so as to overcome or avoid the pain caused by the pole.
3. Three elements of endurance running teaching.
(1) Give full play to the leading role of teachers in teaching.
Considering the actual situation and its own characteristics of durable running teaching. The leading role of teachers is not only reflected in imparting and inculcating endurance running knowledge, but also in understanding and mobilizing students' enthusiasm and initiative in learning. School physical education itself "should carry out lifelong physical education for students and cultivate their awareness, skills and habits of physical exercise" in order to achieve the goal of overall fitness.
Secondly, it is necessary to combine students' specific conditions and individual differences, and use a variety of methods, means and intensive training to let students enjoy health and beauty. Combine endurance running with games to practice. Meet the different needs of different students, so as to give full play to their specialties and enhance their sense of participation and collectivism.
(2) Pay attention to the emotional communication between teachers and students.
Whether the relationship between teachers and students is harmonious is related to the effectiveness of the whole teaching process. Therefore, the basic principles of teachers in the teaching process of endurance running should be "guidance, inspiration, education and encouragement", and "words, actions, intentions and feelings" should run through the whole teaching process. Usually care more about students and gain insight into their psychology. Respect students, respect students' personality, and teachers should promptly guide students' unstable emotions when they are in a bad mood. Strengthening emotional communication between teachers and students is a kind of teaching feedback, which can adjust students' learning effect in time.
(3) In-class and out-of-class integration for the purpose of fitness.
In the teaching of endurance running, let students know that endurance running is an excellent physical exercise project and a simple and practical exercise means in lifelong sports. The ultimate goal of running is to keep fit, so running occupies a large proportion in school education, so the teaching of durable running should be combined with various collective activities to realize the integration of teaching.
4. The main measures of combining painless exercise with endurance running are:
(1), clarify the significance and function of exercise, do a good job in students' ideological work, let them fully realize the significance and value of long-distance running, let students understand the physiological characteristics of long-distance running, and enhance their self-confidence, especially the physiological value of long-distance running is more unique than others. Let them firmly believe that as long as they exercise hard, they will improve their physical function and feel happy from it. Here we can use a series of concrete examples or use video and other intuitive ways to convey happiness motivation.
(2) Help students find their own rhythm and reduce physical pain. In the teaching of endurance running, some students will feel unwell because of their poor endurance quality, such as "exercise pole". Therefore, before practice, it is necessary to arrange theoretical teaching content for a certain period of time, so that students can understand that "moving pole" is a temporary disorder phenomenon caused by the inertia of internal organs during running, and introduce the methods to prevent and overcome "moving pole" to students. After students have a certain theoretical basis and a certain understanding of basic knowledge, we should strengthen guidance in practice, so that students can understand their own body rhythm and master the methods to understand their own rhythm, so as to find their own movement rhythm under the guidance of teachers and reduce physical pain.
(3) Strengthen guidance and let students run well for the first time.
The first practice is the key to lay a good foundation later, reducing students' fears, allowing students to experience the fun of initial success, thus establishing students' confidence in practice. The teacher's guidance is mainly to control the running speed and urge students to slow down as much as possible, rather than to supervise the speed of students. Students who have no practice experience don't know how fast they can finish the race. It is the key to grasp the speed at the beginning of the exercise. Too fast may cause abdominal pain, chest tightness, cramps and other uncomfortable symptoms. Some people have become conditioned reflex and habitual attack. So the first approach is based on comfort. The speed will naturally increase after the body adapts.
(4) Choose your own running partner and form a study group spontaneously.
Although everyone's long-distance running rhythm is different, due to the characteristics of durable running itself, the distance is long and the time is long. One person is too lonely, and too many people can't achieve the effect. Therefore, choosing a partner is very important. Ask the students to choose their running partners and form a study group. There can be two or more. However, the requirement for peers is that the endurance level is similar to the running rhythm, and they can encourage and support each other during running without interfering with each other. This can not only improve students' running level and achieve the expected goal, but also cultivate students' team spirit and sense of cooperation.
5 the specific approach is:
For the students (male 50, female 67) in Grade Two *** 1 17, physical education class will be completed six times a week. Choose your running partner and run as relaxed as possible. Run 1000 meters in the first week, increase by 300 meters in the second week, and then increase by 300 meters every week.
Results:
Feel relaxed and comfortable
92%
Extremely serious.
Extremely extreme, to a lesser extent
Most students think that their endurance has been greatly improved, and they are no longer afraid of endurance running. They think they have the ability to finish endurance running, and they have never had fun in long-distance running.