First, what is "generalization"
Generalization is a way of thinking to form a general understanding. In argumentative writing, it can not only help us form an argument, but also form the conclusion of the article.
Second, how to use "generalization" in argumentative writing
Pay attention to the following three points when summing up:
1, occupy the materials as fully as possible, and be "aware"
The purpose of generalization is to form a general understanding. The more abundant the material, the more likely it is to be correct. Otherwise, we may make the mistake of "generalizing the whole with the partial" when generalizing.
2. Generalization must have correct theoretical guidance.
In the process of generalization, induction must be used to expand the understanding of this particular thing to the understanding of general things, and the conclusion formed has a certain probability.
For example, according to the material "Da Vinci painted an egg", many students can sum up the argument that a great teacher can become a great apprentice by practicing basic skills hard and step by step. Some students summed up that "observing and thinking about problems should be comprehensive", which is both innovative and profound, which is related to the high theoretical literacy of candidates.
3. Generalization is to form a general understanding, but we should try our best to prevent the formed understanding from being vague and vague.
Therefore, we should pay attention to the following two points:
(1) Pay attention to the particularity of things.
The so-called particularity refers to the uniqueness of things. To accurately reflect the true colors of things, we must grasp the characteristics of things. When looking for the characteristics of things, we should pay attention to two points: first, we should observe things carefully and deeply; The second is to compare carefully. Only by comparison can we easily find the unique side of things.
For example, "Jade Carving" and "Three Horses Running" describe the posture of three horses: a dark horse in front: "Three hooves fly up, looking back, looking slightly nervous"; A white horse in the middle: "The posture is light, the first two hooves push the ground, and the last two hooves push two pieces of jade. If you fly in the air, your tail is like a cloud floating in the air"; The last black horse: "shut up, hold your head high, put your hooves on the jade board ... all the bristles on your neck will stand up." Three running horses, each with its own characteristics.
(2) Pay attention to the necessary restrictions on the conclusion, otherwise the demonstration will be biased.
For example, the material is cartoons. The picture shows a person digging a well to find water. He dug several wells, but found no water. As a result, he walked away. Most candidates often only pay attention to this person's lack of perseverance, and as a result, they can't do the whole thing, but they don't notice that the picture clearly shows that there is water at the bottom of every well that has not been dug to the end, and the person who dug the well has not persisted. The root cause is that he thinks "there is no water here". Grasping this feature, the summary of the argument will be clearer.
Therefore, on the basis of grasping the particularity, it is very important to accurately define the understanding formed in generalization. There are many ways to limit the arguments formed. You can start from the following aspects:
The limit of quantity. Attention should be paid to the differences between the terms "individual", "minority", "some", "many", "most" and "all".
Attitude restrictions. Pay attention to the differences between "affirmation", "basic affirmation", "incomplete affirmation", "possibility" and "uncertainty". Others should also pay attention to the limitations of time, place and conditions. Generalization should follow the dialectics of thinking, that is, to pursue universality as widely as possible and limit universality as strictly as possible.
Editor: Heart Table