Of course, whether students can finish high-quality compositions quickly in a limited time is directly related to the fate of candidates in various examinations such as classroom examination, senior high school entrance examination and college entrance examination.
According to the national curriculum standards, writing test has certain requirements for writing speed.
Senior primary school students are required to "write at a certain speed". What is "certain"?
The standard does not stipulate.
The curriculum standard of junior high school requires "50 minutes to complete the exercises", and the length of junior high school requires 600-700 words. In other words, students have to complete 12 to 14 words per minute on average, including the time of conception.
So at what age is it more effective to train writing speed? What are the factors that affect students' writing speed? How to train? What is the effect after training?
Through the comparative training of more than 1.5 million children, we found that:
It is best to start training from the third grade.
After half a year's training, children can basically express for 5-8 minutes, and can reach 20 to 40 words per minute, which is far higher than the national standard.
In the tracking of 6000 children, we found that these children can basically complete 600-700-word compositions in 20 minutes in the senior high school entrance examination.
Save exam time by nearly 30 minutes.
How to train students' writing speed?
First of all, evaluate the child's writing speed:
1, writing speed evaluation (to think about):
1 minute to write Arabic numerals. Writing "40" standard, excellent above "70", requires neat, standardized and recognizable handwriting.
Next, write down the numbers "one, two, three" and "twenty" in Chinese characters.
2. Evaluation of the combination of memory and writing:
Write a familiar ancient poem. 30 words (including punctuation).
3. Evaluation of the combination of imagination and writing:
Assess children's thinking and writing ability according to color imagination, sound imagination, shape imagination and plot imagination. 20 words up to standard (including punctuation).
4, continuous expression ability evaluation:
On the premise of meeting the above requirements, you can gradually sprint the continuous expression of "flowing clouds" and start training from minutes that can be divisible by 20.
We require: 5-8 minutes for Grade Three, 9- 15 minutes for Grade Four, 0/6-20 minutes for Grade Five and 2 1-25 minutes for Grade Six.
Students write in one go.
In addition to the above specific standards and thinking training methods, we also need to train children to write fast?
So, how to train students to write fast?
First of all, we should guide students to practice basic writing skills.
Have a certain knowledge of writing (such as examination, conception, stylistic knowledge, expression skills, structural layout, etc.). ), through multi-channel and multi-form reading and writing practice activities, the basic knowledge of writing is transformed into skills, and the conventional writing skills are mastered skillfully, thus shortening writing time and improving writing efficiency.
Secondly, guide students to establish a writing material warehouse.
Pay attention to observation at ordinary times and collect and accumulate all kinds of information, including facts and theories, from various channels and ways; Direct and indirect; Ancient and modern; China, foreign country; Social science, natural science and so on. Rich materials, large projection room, and leisurely and fast writing time. If you don't accumulate carefully at ordinary times, you won't read much after class and your knowledge will be narrow. When it comes to writing, you are short of this and that, and the result is bound to be haste makes waste.
Thirdly, we should cultivate students' strong interest in writing.
It is often said that interest is the best teacher, and a strong enthusiasm and desire for writing is a powerful driving force to eliminate all interference and overcome many difficulties. When writing, concentrate, concentrate, and the brain is always in a state of extreme excitement, so that the thinking efficiency is high and the writing speed is fast.
The following are several practical and specific training methods to improve writing speed:
(A) the concept of speed training
Only by mastering the basic laws and methods of writing can we quickly and effectively examine questions, conceive, outline, layout and express. It is necessary to quickly review the topic, clarify the theme, clarify the angle and focus of practice, determine the theme and central argument, and set the general outline of the full text from the text materials and pictures of the topic, from obvious external signs, such as the title eyebrow (modifying additional components) and the title eye (keywords), from the essential meaning of the text materials and related requirements! It is necessary to learn to compile an outline and make clear the structure and layout of the full text, so as to have a clear idea of the article (image) before writing and ensure that it will not go out of shape as a whole.
Writing an outline is an important link in the writing process.
There are two ways to write an outline:
First, write down all the ideas in the process of conception, which is a chaotic blank, and then arrange this blank logically to make it a coherent outline;
The second is to establish the main points of writing, such as a 1000-word essay. The idea is mature and the draft is well written. There is no need to make great efforts to compile a detailed outline. You can take a little time to write down the concise points and determine the key points and difficulties in the form of a preliminary outline. The rest has been kept in mind. It can be shown in a few concise words.
Skill and speed training
Through special training, let students master the methods and skills of fast writing. The training content includes:
(1) Training of narrative, description, discussion, explanation, lyricism and other expression skills.
(2) Narrative, prose, expository, argumentative and practical writing training. Someone put forward the six-character method of writing argumentative essays, which is worth learning:
Point, cut to the chase, point out the center, argument (or topic);
Positive and positive examples are discussed.
Counterexamples and counterexamples are discussed.
Depth, in-depth analysis and excavation centers and examples;
Joint, contact the actual discussion;
General, general full text, echo center.
(3) Training of various composition methods, such as proposition composition, topic composition, self-made topic composition, composition for materials, etc.
(C) writing speed training
When the preparations are basically ready, you can start writing. At this time, the speed of writing depends on the strength of expression and the speed of writing. Be quick, the first draft should always be written in a purposeful way, and strive for one go. Don't give up halfway because of small side problems or individual words! The adjustment of several paragraphs, the addition and deletion of individual materials, the polishing of some words, the correction of several typos, the correct use of punctuation marks in the whole text, etc. , can be done after the draft is written.
Mr. Lu Xun strongly disapproves of the practice of writing and stopping.
In his letter to Ye Zi, he said: In the past, the ten-step turn-around composition method was very wrong, that is, if you don't believe in yourself constantly, you are bound to fail. In the future, after setting the pattern, you must keep writing, no matter how you polish it, don't look back. When you succeed, you should look back, delete some words and change some words. Lu Xun's words are just his experience.
The speed of composition is also closely related to the speed of writing! If the thinking speed is fast and the thinking is smooth, but the written writing can't keep up, the writing is slow and poor, and the writing speed can't be fast if you wait for the written thinking! Write fast, leaders should coordinate and cooperate tacitly, hands should obey the command of the brain and write wherever they want; You can write whatever you want, and you can write quickly.
(D) the training of agile thinking
Writing speed, in the final analysis, depends on thinking speed! Creative thinking ability and quick thinking are the decisive factors of writing speed.
To produce creative thinking, you must be quick-witted and have a strong interest in writing. Interest is the best teacher. Strong writing desire, strong writing interest and strong writing enthusiasm are hotbeds of quick thinking and creative thinking. With the interest in writing, thinking will be broadened, imagination will be rich, and association ability will be strong! A quick mind and a good eye. Through eyebrows and eyes, we can grasp the theme quickly and accurately, and complete the writing task much faster than ordinary people.
To improve the writing speed, we must rely on peacetime. You should work harder at ordinary times. The so-called boxing never leaves the hand, singing never leaves the mouth, and practice makes perfect. This is a fact.
In addition, writing time is relatively concentrated, eliminating all kinds of interference and creating a relatively quiet environment so that vigorous writing enthusiasm and fluent thinking are not affected, interfered or destroyed, which is also an indispensable condition for improving writing level and speeding up writing speed.
(E) Examples of specific operations in the composition class
1, write cycle time limit method.
This method is actually to turn sloppy writing habits into fast-paced composition training. A writing cycle is the longest one day and the shortest two class hours. Every time you write a composition, the time from the student handing in the paper to the teacher handling the paper is strictly limited. Students' compositions are completed in the classroom, and teachers use correction and face correction or let students correct and correct themselves. However, it is necessary to feed back the information to students in time, so as to increase the amount of composition training and improve classroom efficiency in the same teaching time.
2. Step-by-step standard training.
This is actually to turn random composition into planned and purposeful intensive training. Fast composition teaching has strong training and clear purpose, and the whole teaching plan is implemented step by step, and the sub-items meet the standards. As soon as it reaches the standard, move on to the next step, keep close contact and run at high speed! In this way, the concept of time is strong, the pace is fast and the efficiency is high. For example, consider whether the number of words is enough first, put aside other requirements, write a narrative, consider the style first, put aside the requirements of center, details and clues, and gradually become perfect.
The division of competition groups is based on:
Add up the scores of many compositions, rank the whole class from high to low according to this total score, and then divide it into a competitive group according to the form of three students with adjacent scores.
The three students in each competition group can be said to be at the same level of composition, thus achieving the principle of competition at the same level. Even the last three students in the class will have winners and be proud. Speed and quality can be compared among team members and teams. Finally, the purpose of writing quickly and improving writing level is achieved.
In short, the training of students' writing speed is inseparable from the use of various skills and the close cooperation between teachers and students, but no matter who can be perfect, it will ultimately be reflected in the individual students.