(18 10- 1856) is a famous German composer and music critic. He was born in a bookseller's family in Zwickau, Germany, and loved music and literature since childhood.
Because of family prejudice, he studied law in college when he was young, so he could only study music in his spare time. When he was able to specialize in music after a tortuous struggle, he was eager for success, and his finger was injured by a mechanical device, thus losing the possibility of becoming a piano player, so he devoted himself to music creation and music criticism.
Schumann is sensitive by nature and has democratic thoughts. 1834 founded New Music magazine, which played an important role in changing the stale music atmosphere at that time and promoting the development of romantic art. He cared for and supported unknown musicians, such as Chopin, Berlioz, Liszt, Brahms and Wagner. 1838, he returned to Leipzig 1839, because the reactionary authorities in Vienna discovered Schubert's symphony in c major, forcing him to work.
1840 married Clara, a famous pianist at that time. He taught at Leipzig Conservatory of Music from 65438 to 0843, and died of mental illness from 65438 to 0856.
Schumann's representative works include: Piano Music Butterfly, Carnival, Symphony Etudes, Fantasia Collection, etc. , thus promoting the development of romantic music style. 1840, he wrote 138 songs, which were called "songs", and also wrote four symphonies, piano concerto in a minor, Manfred overture and so on.
If one day I become a hooligan, please tell others that I have always been innocent. ......
Dance like a song
Bronze elder
Property 2 1388
Postal 7962
Registration telephone number 07-04-0 1
From love me China Zunchi motorists' club
Social influence 0
Aika long number 870938
Second floor release time 07- 12-05 09:55.
Mozart
Austrian composer Mozart (1756- 179 1) is a rare genius in the history of music. He was born in a musical family and his father was an experienced violinist. Mozart began to learn piano at the age of 3. At the age of 4, he could recite ordinary music only by playing it a few times. At the age of five, he began to compose music. At the age of 6, he and his sister traveled with their father to perform in European countries, which caused a sensation in Europe and was known as a "musical prodigy".
Born in Salzburg, the family of court musicians showed great musical talent since childhood, and they were known as "prodigies" for their excellent improvisation and composition. He has been a court musician of the Archbishop of Salzburg since 1773. Because he yearned for a free life and was dissatisfied with the bishop's strict discipline, he resigned angrily at 178 1 and came to Vienna to embark on a difficult road of freelance musicians. There are many innovative factors in his creation, but he was not welcomed by conformists at that time, so he was under great economic pressure and often lived by borrowing money. However, he willingly lived a poor and free life as a musician. He once said, "My tongue has tasted the magnetic taste of death, and my creation is still optimistic." In his short life, he wrote 22 operas, the most famous of which are The Wedding of Figaro, Don Heng and The Magic Flute. There are 49 symphonies, of which the 39th, 40th and 41st symphonies are the most famous. He also created many works such as playing music, piano music and chamber music ensemble. Mozart's creation was deeply influenced by Bach, Haydn and others. His works are exquisite and symmetrical in structure, rich in melody, bright and optimistic in style, and the orchestration pays attention to timbre effect, which has a great influence on the music creation of later generations-the last two years of Mozart's life are his most difficult economic period. 179 1 1 When he died, his wife was seriously ill and there was no change at home. He was buried in the cemetery of the poor, and no relatives held a funeral for him-Mozart was a member of the Vienna Classical Music School. His creation is a brilliant summary of all aspects of European music culture in the18th century. He laid the foundation of German national opera and created a new genre of realistic musicals. He expanded and innovated the content of instrumental music, making the forms of symphony and chamber music particularly rigorous. With his unremitting efforts and exploration in creation, Mozart promoted the music art of18th century to a new height, and prepared the conditions for the further development of music later-this is where Mozart's contribution in the history of music lies.
If one day I become a hooligan, please tell others that I have always been innocent. ......
Dance like a song
Bronze elder
Property 2 1388
Postal 7962
Registration telephone number 07-04-0 1
From love me China Zunchi motorists' club
Social influence 0
Aika long number 870938
3rd floor released at 07- 12-05 09:59.
Haydn
Joseph haydn was born in the Austrian village of Laurau on April 1732 and died in Vienna on May 1809. Haydn is an important composer with great influence in the history of world music. He is the first representative of Vienna Classical Music School and a composer with creative spirit. ?
Haydn's father is a carriage maker, his mother is a cook, and his parents are both music lovers, which makes Haydn have the opportunity to be influenced by music since childhood. His family is poor. In order to study, he left his parents for Vienna at the age of six. Haydn has a superhuman talent for music. At the age of eight, he was selected as a member of the children's choir of Staffan Church. Later, when I grew up, my voice changed and I was kicked out by the choir. Since then, he has lived on the streets and tasted all the hardships in the world. Fortunately, I was found by a singer and saved by him, so I barely survived. This period can be said to be the most difficult period in his life. Although his life is embarrassing, his belief in music has never wavered. He studied music hard, and finally got the help of the Hungarian aristocrat Paul Estehachi, and became the court musician of the Marquis. After that, Haydn lived a stable life until his later years. Most of his works were created during this period. Because of his cheerful personality, secure life and respected personality, his works always sound quiet and optimistic, unlike Beethoven's music. ?
Haydn's major contributions to classical music are symphonies and quartets. Because of his great contribution to the formation and perfection of symphony genre, he is called "the father of symphony". ?
Haydn's character is kind, sincere and simple, and he is a humanist. These characteristics of him are clearly reflected in his music. He is also very enthusiastic about young musicians. Composers such as Mozart and Beethoven have asked Haydn for advice and called him "our father". ?
Haydn's music style is warm and elegant, full of joy, happiness and tranquility. His music is like a beautiful pastoral poem. He always praises himself and life with this style. In his works, you can often feel the distinctive Austrian folk song style. Another feature of Haydn's works is his clever sense of humor, and his music is full of pleasure and unique interest. ?
Haydn is a prolific composer with a wide range of works, including operas, plays, oratorios, symphonies, instrumental concertos, string quartets and other chamber music works. His most representative works are Symphony of Surprise, Symphony of Afternoon, Symphony of Clock, The Oratorio Genesis and Emperor Quartet. These works are closely related to Austrian folk music, which deeply embodies Haydn's simple, clear, humorous and optimistic music style and has a great influence on the creation of musicians in the future. Haydn's two visits to London in his later years were great successes, and he also wrote the London Symphony. Haydn made great achievements in his life and occupied a very important position in the history of world music.
schubert
Austrian composer,1797 65438+1October 3 1, was born in a middle-class citizen family in the suburb of Vienna. As a child, he learned to play the organ, piano and violin from his family music life, mastered the basic composition methods and chorus art, and died young at the age of 31. According to his last wish, people buried him next to Beethoven, whom he worshipped-Schubert lived in a transitional period between classicism and romanticism. His symphony style inherits the tradition of classicism, but his artistic songs and piano works are totally romantic. Speaking of Schubert's songs, we can quote Schumann's comment on Symphony in C Major: "This kind of music leads us into a situation and makes us forget what we once had."
Vacation cabin
Bach/KLOC-0 was born in Eisenach, Germany on March 2, 685/KLOC-0. His family is a musical family, and some famous musicians have appeared in Bach family since about16th century. Among the more than 20 musicians born in this family, Bach has the highest achievement and the loudest name. He composed a collection of piano music with equal rhythm. In piano playing skills, he perfected the use of fingering, which greatly promoted the creation, performance and development of piano music.
Bach created a large number of works in his life, including the famous piano music collection Equal Rhythm, Tokata and fugue in D minor, Brandenburg Concerto and Peasant Chorus.
Bach inherited and carried forward the previous creative techniques, raised polyphonic music to a new stage and made great contributions to the perfection of violin concerto form. His Brandenburg Concerto played a great role in the creation of symphonies. His piano music is also outstanding, which laid the foundation for the emergence of Beethoven's piano music later. Bach is not only a great composer, but also an outstanding performer and excellent music educator. When he was alive, he attached great importance to poverty, and no one asked about his works. It took decades after his death to attract people's attention. He became the greatest classical music master admired by people and enjoyed the reputation of the father of music in the world music history.
Liszt
Hungarian composer, pianist and music critic.
Life 18 1 1 Liszt was born in Jopland, western Hungary. Le Dingcun chose Weimar, Germany to settle down and write, and served as Weimar's court musician and theater director. At this time, revolutions broke out all over Europe. He sympathized with and supported the revolution and created Hungarian chorus and workers' chorus. 1849 after the failure of the Hungarian revolution, 1854 composed piano music "Funeral Song" and symphonic poem "Funeral of Heroes" to mourn the revolutionary martyrs. He conducts and performs a new opera every season, and often holds concerts, and strongly recommends classical works and works by young composers. While gradually mastering the skills of orchestral writing, he created a single-movement title symphony poem and wrote l2 works of this genre (the last l3 was written in his later years). During this period, Liszt also created other important works, such as two symphonies with chorus (Dante Symphony and Faust Symphony), the first and second piano concertos, l3 hungarian rhapsody, sonatas in B minor and many other piano music and lyric songs. In addition, as a music critic, Liszt wrote a series of music criticism articles, such as Berlioz and His, robert schumann and so on. He also organized the All-German Musicians Association, making Weimar the activity center of the New German Music School (that is, your Weimar Music School). This is the golden age of his career, especially his creation. However, because of his views, in 1858, he was criticized when he conducted the performance of his student P. Cornelius, Peter von's opera The Barber in Baghdad. 1860, he was attacked by newspapers together with R. Wagner, and a series of setbacks, such as the death of his youngest son and his failure to formally marry Caroline, made his piano works consistent with his playing style (except some works in his later years). His "Advanced Skills Etudes" is famous for its difficult skills and vivid images. Among his piano works, there are Dante's sonata, Petrarch's sonnets, the dream of love and so on. It is famous for its enthusiasm and poetry, as well as the funeral procession by Lyon. Famous for its tragic revolutionary pride. The first piano concerto is vigorous and powerful; Piano sonata in b minor is profound and dramatic; The most national and folk feature is hungarian rhapsody, and the second is the most typical recruitment with folk dance music. His works in his later years reflect the exploration of new skills.
If one day I become a hooligan, please tell others that I have always been innocent. ......
Dance like a song
Bronze elder
Property 2 1388
Postal 7962
Registration telephone number 07-04-0 1
From love me China Zunchi motorists' club
Social influence 0
Aika long number 870938
The 7th floor was released on 07- 12-05 10:02.
Pyotr Il'yich Tchaikovsky
Peter ilych Pyotr Il'yich Tchaikovsky (1840- 1893) is a great Russian composer and music educator in the19th century, and is known as a great Russian music master. He was born in Urals on May 7th, 840/KLOC-0. His father is the director and engineer of a metallurgical factory, and his mother loves music and is good at singing and playing the piano. So their home is full of music atmosphere. He showed extraordinary musical talent since childhood, but his family never thought that he would become a professional musician in the future.
Pyotr Il'yich Tchaikovsky entered the Petersburg Law School at the age of ten, but he continued to study piano in his spare time and often went to the opera. 1859 worked in the Ministry of Justice after graduation. During this period, he has been studying music and taking part in social piano playing and creative activities. 1862 Pyotr Il'yich Tchaikovsky entered the Petersburg Conservatory of Music, and he finally embarked on the decisive road of receiving a truly professional music education. After graduation (1866), at the invitation of nikolai rubinstein, Pyotr Il'yich Tchaikovsky became a professor of Moscow Conservatory of Music for eleven years. However, he often suffers from boring lectures, which hinder his creative activities. Even so, he created various excellent works, including the first three symphonies, the symphony Francesca da Limini, the fantasy overture Romeo and Juliet, the ballet Swan Lake and Piano Concerto No.1..
Song "and so on. This is the first period of Pyotr Il'yich Tchaikovsky's creation.
From 65438 to 0877, Pyotr Il'yich Tchaikovsky's life took a major turning point. Married that year and divorced soon. This is the most painful year of his life. He suffered from severe neurasthenia, so he resigned from the Conservatory of Music and ended the heavy teaching work forever. After that, before 1885, he mainly lived in the countryside or went abroad, mostly in Switzerland or Italy. During this period, through Rubinstein's introduction, he was appreciated and funded by Nadezhda von Meek. The rich widow loved music very much and was very generous (1877- 1890), which made it possible for him to concentrate on music creation. At the same time, Pyotr Il'yich Tchaikovsky's creation reached its peak from 65438 to 0877. He began to write two works of genius-the opera yevgeni onegin and his famous symphony No.4.
At this time, Russia's real life entered a reactionary period, the revolutionary forces went underground, and all the progress and democratic expressions of Russian social thought and Russian art were brutally suppressed. Some of his important works during this period reflect the social emotions of the dark reactionary period under the rule of Alexander III-the feelings that Russian people, especially Russian intellectuals, feel confused and at a loss, and think about the fate of the motherland and the meaning of life. But he's not passive. Pyotr Il'yich Tchaikovsky once said in his notes: "From completely obeying fate to doubting fate, he finally decided to overcome the tragic fate through struggle", which shows that he has a positive attitude towards life.
Pyotr Il'yich Tchaikovsky's later years were the pinnacle of his creation. 1888- 18 * * He visited Germany, Czech Republic, France and Britain, and forged friendship with Brahms, Grieg, dvorak, Cournot and Masnier. 189 1 year, he made a performance tour in the United States and achieved great success. 1In June, 893, Cambridge University awarded him an honorary doctorate. During this period, he composed not only yevgeny onegin and the Fourth Symphony, but also the Fifth Symphony and Manfred Symphony, operas The Queen of Spades and Iolanta, ballets Sleeping Beauty and The Nutcracker. There are Tempest, Italian Capriccio, 18 12 Overture, Violin Concerto in D Major, Variations on the Theme of Cello Rococo, and various instrumental ensembles, piano solos and vocal romances. , covering almost all genres. In particular, his sixth symphony (Symphony of Pathetique) written in the summer of 1893 is his masterpiece, and the first performance of this work was personally conducted by the author in Petersburg on June 10+06 of the same year. Unexpectedly, he was accidentally infected with cholera in 654381October 2 1 day and died in 654381October 25.
Pyotr Il'yich Tchaikovsky is a great world-class Russian, who summed up the whole era of European music development. He established his own grand symphonic music system, which is different from Beethoven's system, but summed up many developments of symphonic music after Beethoven in Russian style, making him one of the highest figures in symphonic music. His music is one of the highest achievements of Russian culture in the field of art, and Pyotr Il'yich Tchaikovsky is also one of the Western European composers familiar and loved by our people. Pyotr Il'yich Tchaikovsky wrote seven symphonies in his life, among which Symphony No.1 in G minor is his first symphony genre and a real Russian symphony, which is characterized by paying attention to psychological description and lyrical sentiment full of patriotism. This symphony is also the ladder and "gateway" for people to understand his symphony works.
Pyotr Il'yich Tchaikovsky once said: "I am eager to spread my music. I am eager for more people to like it. I will get comfort and support from this hope." . There are many musicians in history, and professional musicians have given more comments on their talents than ordinary listeners, but what Pyotr Il'yich Tchaikovsky has been pursuing-only his music touched more people and was loved by most people-was realized before his death. Pyotr Il'yich Tchaikovsky's bosom friend is not only a professional musician, but also an unknown audience. His music tries to express the most common things in the most direct way of expressing personal feelings. He uses the musical language that everyone can understand to organize the poetic elements in life and the romantic and charming elements in human feelings, thus touching people's hearts.
If one day I become a hooligan, please tell others that I have always been innocent. ......
Dance like a song
Bronze elder
Property 2 1388
Postal 7962
Registration telephone number 07-04-0 1
From love me China Zunchi motorists' club
Social influence 0
Aika long number 870938
The 8th floor was released on 07- 12-05 10:03.
Carl Czerny
179 1 year, the famous Austrian pianist, educator and composer Cherny was born in a musical family in Vienna. He can play the piano at the age of 3, record his own musical thoughts at the age of 7, and play all the piano works of Mozart and kleiman clearly and fluently at the age of 10, with extraordinary musical memory. 1800, 9-year-old Cherny made her debut in Vienna. 180 1 year, Cherny, who was only 10, went to see Beethoven. Beethoven was moved by Cherny's wonderful performance and accepted the student. Later, Cherny played Beethoven's Concerto in C Major and Concerto for the Emperor, which made him famous.
Cherny's performance has attracted great attention from critics, who think that he is the most important piano player in Vienna after hummel. But because Cherny is delicate, shy and introverted, he is more suitable for teaching than playing ball. Therefore, from the age of 15, Cherny began his teaching career and devoted his life to it. As an outstanding piano teacher, he trained a large number of talented students, including Dole, Clark, Boyle and Selberg. The most famous is piano master Liszt.
When Liszt was 9 years old, he had the honor to visit Cherny. According to Cherny's autobiography, Liszt's performance at that time was very irregular, rough and chaotic, and his improvisation had no solid foundation of harmony, which was entirely inspired. But there is a natural talent in his performance, and it is this rare temperament that makes Cherny feel that this person is creative material. After careful training by Cherny, coupled with the diligence and cleverness of Liszt, after several months of practice, when Liszt plays the works of Humeyer, Beethoven and Bach, Cherny does not need to pay attention to his playing skills, but focuses on letting him know the composer's writing style. Cherny kept browsing new works for him, giving Liszt shocking visual spectrum ability. A year later, Liszt gave a public performance, which caused a sensation throughout Vienna. However, Cherny did not confine Liszt to the technical practice of rigid machinery, but fully let him display his talents and make him a famous piano master in history.
As an outstanding piano educator, Cherny's achievement not only lies in cultivating a group of famous piano players, but more importantly, he has established a complete teaching system in his long-term teaching practice. Cherny wrote a large number of piano etudes and papers, which guided the healthy development of piano playing art at that time. These etudes are a combination of classical Athenian style and clementi's dynamic style. After careful arrangement and strict classification, it is suitable for piano students of different levels.
As a student of Beethoven and a teacher of Liszt, Cherny occupies a unique position in the piano playing history of19th century. If clementi's energetic playing style and Liszt's playing skills are two milestones in the history of piano playing, then Cherny is the paver of these two milestones. Today, Cherny has been away from us 136 years. Great changes have taken place in the creation and performance of piano music in this century. However, Cherny's piano etudes are still of great practical significance today, especially for the basic training of fingers and the performance of Vienna classical works. His outstanding contribution to the art of piano performance deserves to be remembered and admired by future generations forever.
His piano etudes play a certain role in training fingers and playing skills, and are widely used as piano teaching materials in many countries. Among them, Elementary Piano Course (Op.599), Piano Fluency Etudes (Op.849), Piano Quick Etudes (Op.299), Finger Skillful Technical Practice (Op.740, also known as Op.699) and Advanced Technical Etudes (Op.365) are often used. Other etudes occasionally selected are 139, 82 1, 636, 22 1, 72 1, 337, 26 1, 553, 300, 335, 355, 335.
If one day I become a hooligan, please tell others that I have always been innocent. ......
Dance like a song
Bronze elder
Property 2 1388
Postal 7962
Registration telephone number 07-04-0 1
From love me China Zunchi motorists' club
Social influence 0
Aika long number 870938
9th Floor Release Time: 07- 12-05 10:05
Beethoven
Ludwig van Beethoven (1770- 1827) is the most famous German musician in the world since the late 8th century. 1770 65438+Beethoven was born in Bonn, Germany on February 26th. His grandfather was originally from the Netherlands, and after moving to Germany, he was a local court musician. My father is a tenor and my mother is the daughter of a court chef. Beethoven grew up in the period of "enlightened autocracy" in Joseph II, and the rulers in Bonn also implemented some improvement measures. Bonn became one of the centers of the Enlightenment in Germany at that time. Beethoven grew up in such an environment in his childhood. However, Beethoven's childhood was very unhappy, and his alcoholic father ruined his family business. He tried to turn four-year-old Beethoven into a cash cow and hoped that his son would become a Mozart-style prodigy. Therefore, he not only forced his children to practice the piano, but also often dragged them out of their deep sleep to play the piano when they came home from drinking in the middle of the night. Beethoven, who was under eight years old, was forced to perform and perform in front of Cohen's audience, and Beethoven, who was eleven years old, began to work in a theater band. This hard childhood life made Beethoven embark on an independent road of making a living by music very early, and at the same time developed his stubborn character. 1815-1819 is a four-year crisis period that Beethoven experienced. At that time, Europe fell into the reactionary feudal restoration period, the bourgeois revolutionary forces were stifled, and darkness enveloped the European continent. Beethoven's thoughts in this period were complicated, and his confidence and firmness were disturbed by disappointment and vacillation. The heroic style of creation changes to lyrical style; There are not many works, and most of the time is spent collecting, excavating and adapting the folk songs of European countries. This fully shows that the * * * pacifists in the rising period of the bourgeoisie have their historical limitations. However, Beethoven finally struggled out of silence and survived the crisis. From 18 19, Beethoven paid attention to the struggle against feudalism. At this time, his five piano sonatas, five string quartets and even his greatest ninth symphony (chorus symphony) are of far-reaching significance.
-Polish composer, half French. His father moved to Warsaw to teach French to aristocratic children. Chopin showed his musical talent as a child and studied at the newly established Warsaw Conservatory of Music. At school, he fell in love with the young singer constance Gratkovska. /kloc-At the age of 0/9, he wrote a piano concerto in F minor. It is said that this young girl inspired Chopin's creation. In September, Chopin came to Paris, and the rest of his life was connected with the artistic life of this city. In 2085, Chopin kept in touch with many outstanding artists in the salon, such as musicians Liszt and Berlioz, writers Hugo, Balzac, george sand and Heine, and painter Delacroix. Through Liszt, Chopin got to know the world-famous novelist Aurore Du Wang De. His name is george sand and he has a pair of melancholy eyes. Chopin's first impression of her was not good, but she was soon conquered by her charm. Under the control of a passion he had never experienced before, his musical imagination reached a high degree of excitement. For the next eight years, Chopin spent every summer in his villa in george sand. These years are also the most prosperous period of Chopin's creation. However, his health gradually deteriorated and his relationship with george sand broke down. In his last letter, he was full of loneliness and despair. 1848 performed in England and died a few months after returning to Paris at the age of 39. His funeral was held in Mozart's requiem and his own funeral March. He was buried in Lachez cemetery, and a friend scattered Polish soil on his grave-Chopin was one of the most original artists in the Romantic era, and his style was entirely his own, and he would never be confused with others'. Among the first-class artists, Chopin is the only master who concentrates his creative life on the piano. From the beginning, his imagination was dedicated to the keyboard, and he created a world in this narrow structure. His genius even turned the limitations of the piano into a source of beauty. Of course, the main limitation of the piano is that it can't play persistent notes of any length, but Chopin skillfully overcame these limitations. He contributed as much to the formation of modern piano style as any musician. Chopin used pedals to keep the chords far apart in the bass continuous, forming a charming melody group. He told the students, "Sing every note." In his music, exquisite decorations-vibrato, decorative notes and light transitional sentences-magically extend those single notes. All these things are always arranged smoothly, and the music almost seems to be played by oneself-in Chopin's body, his mother's blood is dominant, and he is the first great composer who strongly highlights the Slavic national factors in his music. Since then, Slavic national factors have entered the mainstream of European music. In Chopin's Bolognez in War Atmosphere, the blood of the Polish nation is boiling strongly, and their vigorous, brave and arched melody is like a curved steel bar. Knight-like Mazzuca is shining with a fiery and brilliant gesture; Sweet tenderness and witty flirting run through the waltz. Besides these spiritual dance forms, Chopin also created fantasia, scherzo, narrative, impromptu, prelude and sonata. His feelings are sometimes mysterious like a devil, and sometimes charming like a water demon, but they are always warm and kind. Spirituality, through his lyricism, has become a universal language, celebrating the greatest victory in his brilliant etudes, and those nocturnes are his dreams in loneliness, and he confides a person's most sincere desire to the quiet night. Although he is a lucky darling on the surface, in fact, like many romantic people of his contemporaries, he is also a man who has suffered a lot in life.