Once upon a time, pure exam-oriented education led Chinese education astray, killing the aesthetic attribute of Chinese subject, or indicating that it has aesthetic attribute, that is, putting it in the most secondary position. As a result, students become "machines" to do Chinese test questions. The more they learn Chinese, the less interested they are, and the effect of Chinese teaching is getting worse. Chinese teaching has entered a strange circle: the lower the grade, the higher the score. After graduating from high school, I have studied Chinese books for 12 years, and the Chinese test in the college entrance examination must be set to 150. The result seems to be not ideal, because I can already get 890 points. As we all know, the scale of 100 is only 50-60 points. What's more, some students can only get 50-60 points on the scale of 150 points. How pathetic. Here, the author does not measure the success or failure of Chinese teaching by scores, mainly because the current situation of Chinese teaching is really worrying: China people are not good at learning Chinese, and China people are not interested in learning Chinese. This is worth worrying about.
In fact, language is an important tool for people to convey information and express their thoughts and feelings, which is closely related to people's lives. It is the most wonderful thing unique to human beings and the carrier of human civilization. Our Chinese is more beautiful and meaningful. We should be interested in this. Literary works are a collection of thoughts, emotions and aesthetic feelings, and we should be full of enthusiasm for them. Writing an article is even more beautiful, because composition is an excellent form to express good feelings and show talents. In the process of Chinese teaching, the author pays attention to guiding students to experience the potential aesthetic feeling in the field of Chinese subject and stimulating students' interest in learning Chinese.
First, show the infinite charm of China's language and writing, reveal the aesthetic feeling, and arouse students' interest in learning.
When introducing the characteristics of Chinese, introduce a joke: using Chinese is more conducive to protecting forest resources than using English. Because Chinese characters carry much more information than English; Moreover, English is a phonetic alphabet with many disyllabic words, while Chinese characters are mostly monosyllabic and disyllabic words. In contrast, Chinese characters occupy a much shorter position; Of course, the strokes of Chinese characters are superimposed at a certain position to form characters, which saves a lot of positions; In addition, when writing in Chinese, there are no spaces between words, while there are no spaces in English, so Chinese saves more space than English. Moreover, the number of books printed in English and Chinese is the largest in the world every year. Although this is just a joke, it can really enhance national pride and stimulate students' consciousness of learning heroic language, thus stimulating their interest in learning.
When introducing the common sense of Chinese character configuration, first tell the students: the square structure of Chinese characters reflects China people's psychology of advocating stability and has aesthetic value worth pondering; Chinese characters have many strokes and various frame structures, which embodies the aesthetic significance of density symmetry. These beautiful and intelligent students can grasp it as long as they think about it, and then they have a strong interest and have the internal motivation to write Chinese characters well.
When introducing the common sense of Chinese character structure, students can feel the beauty of Chinese characters. Pictograph itself is a picture, which is concise and abstract, and vivid: ⊙ (day), (month), (net), (knife), (wood); When introducing hieroglyphics, we should first start with seal script, because seal script is a transitional stage between ancient Chinese characters and modern Chinese characters, and it also retains the graphic characteristics of alternating characters. The word "knowledge" gives people an intuitive aesthetic feeling at first glance: "thunder" has three overlapping stones and many stones; "Crystal", where three suns converge, bright and hot; "Sen", there are many trees; No wonder the ancients used "three" to mean "many" when introducing this knowledge. It is better to use multimedia, which is more intuitive. Students unconsciously accept the influence of knowledge in the pleasure of experiencing aesthetic feeling, and their physical and mental state is good. Learning efficiency is high. How can we make students feel bored and bored with their studies?
Onomatopoeia can also give students an aesthetic experience. For example, the word "rustling" in "Biography of Assassins in Historical Records" is an onomatopoeic word, which allows us to see that "the northwest wind is overwhelming and roaring. The strong man's hair and clothes stood on end, but his body stood upright. This is a magnificent beauty. The word "rustling" in "Fallen leaves are like the foam of a waterfall" (Up the Mountain by Du Fu) is also an onomatopoeic word, but it also shows us the picture that "many trees are towering into the sky, and many leaves fall one after another, which is another kind of beauty." A?vagho?a is small and carefree "(The Book of Songs, Yache Attack). The word" small "here is also an onomatopoeic word, which allows us to see the magnificent pictures of horses passing by with shiny fur. At this time, if students master the great imagination and enlightenment functions of onomatopoeia, will students not understand it? In addition, students will pay more attention to onomatopoeia.
The change of exclamation tone can make people feel special significance. For example, "Ah", when reading Yin Ping, expressed surprise and admiration: "Ah, a rainbow appeared!" Reading Yangping means asking, "Ah, what did you say?" Pronunciation time. "Ah, what's the matter with you?" When you finish reading and drag it just right, it means you understand: "Ah, it's you." You can see the charm of Chinese.
Sometimes the same sentence, different words have different stress meanings. For example, "I watched this TV series last year", if you reread it in "this one", it is "I haven't seen other TV series"; Rereading in "TV series" refers to "never reading a novel or script"; The stress in "I" means "I don't know if others have read it"; The stress in Last Year means "I'm afraid I forgot some details or I don't know if the plot has changed now"; If you reread "read", it roughly means "never heard"; Wait a minute. How can these magical language phenomena not make students feel excited and then stay back and forth? Students' thirst for knowledge is naturally stimulated, and their interest in learning Chinese is naturally improved. There are also some unclear language phenomena in Chinese. For example, "I almost had an accident" and "I almost didn't have an accident" are opposite in form, but the meaning is the same; Another example is "China hits Chiang Kai-shek" and "China hits the United States". The beauty of these magical language phenomena, through the introduction and stimulation of teachers, students can turn the unconscious into conscious, feel that the language that was originally boring is actually beautiful, and then have a desire to learn.
The rhetorical device of "synaesthesia" is not easy for students to master. The author starts with examples of using synaesthesia in daily life. The first question: Is the sound abstract? At first, many students felt that it was not abstract. Because sound can make people feel. One more question: Are the "sharp" and "thin" in a shrill voice auditory or visual? Many students began to be stunned, and then suddenly realized: this is a rhetorical device that uses vision to describe the communication between hearing and feeling, and it is synaesthesia. This example makes students understand that the language in daily life also has infinite charm. I have a further understanding of the rhetorical devices of synaesthesia. Because of personal experience, the learning efficiency has definitely improved, and this knowledge point may even be remembered for a lifetime.
Second, reveal the aesthetic feeling of literary works and let students change passive reading into active reading.
When guiding students to read and learn literary works, we should avoid covering all aspects and focus on revealing the aesthetic feeling of the works. Prose works focus on guiding students to experience the author's unique understanding of life and original language full of artistic charm; Novels and dramas mainly guide students to experience the personalized language and the subtlety of word selection that conforms to the identity of the characters; Poetry works focus on guiding students to explore the beauty of phonology, neatness and symmetry and artistic conception.
Prose works are attractive in two aspects: one is the unique understanding of life, the so-called true meaning of life; The second is the original text. When guiding students to read prose, let them grasp these two points or one of them, so that students will have more time and energy to Expo, and it will be easy and beneficial for them to read more prose works. Isn't the real reason why Qian Zhongshu's Fortress Besieged can be handed down from generation to generation: "People in the city want to go out of the city and people outside the city want to go into the city"? The deeper your life experience, the more you can appreciate the mellow taste of this sentence.
When studying Zhu Ziqing's Green, in order to guide students to grasp the originality of the language describing "green". Ask the students to choose a color from "red, orange, yellow, green, blue and purple", which requires about 300 words. Students find it difficult. Then let the students find Zhu Ziqing's "green" from the "green", and then let the students talk about whether the language is creative. Students are bound to secretly admire in their hearts. At the same time understand the value and value of innovation. After that, no one can say that he will unconsciously put it into action, consciously explore and find something that makes him feel good.
When reading novels and plays, students often pay the most attention to the plot. The tortuous plot itself is full of charm and beauty, but this is not the essence of the work. The real test of a person's reading ability should be to grasp the beauty of the work through the language of the individual characters in the work and feel the writer's unique ingenuity from the seemingly inconspicuous place. Balzac's Eugenie Grandet has a Grandet's language:
"Oh. It's gold! " He kept shouting. "So much gold! It weighs two Jin. Ah! Ah! Charlie traded this for beautiful Yang Kim, didn't he? Why didn't you tell me? This is a good deal, little boy! I see, you are really my daughter. "
Ask the students to repeat this passage and guess Grandet's psychology at the same time. Students will think that this language is really exquisite, exposing the mentality of a person who is crazy about gold. Under such guidance and taste, students will like to read the character language in the works, because the character language is so wonderful.
A passage from Lin Daiyu in the third episode of A Dream of Red Mansions is also very attractive.
Jia asked Daiyu what books to read. "。 Daiyu said,' I only read four books.' Daiyu asked her sisters what books to read. "What books are you reading?" asked Grandmother Jia. ? "You only know two words, not just blind!" "
Baoyu went to Daiyu and sat down. He looked at it carefully. "。 Because I asked,' Has my sister studied?' Daiyu added, "I haven't learned it. I only stayed at school for one year. Some people need to know a few words. "
These two paragraphs are Daiyu's answers to two people. At first glance, it is normal, but in fact, Daiyu's pressing mentality has been fully demonstrated here, which shows the author's skill.
When Daiyu saw Baoyu, she was taken aback and thought, "Strange, I think I saw it there. "。 "How familiar!" "
"Baoyu saw (Daiyu) because he smiled and said,' I have seen this sister.' "
Although it is written here that Daiyu and Baoyu feel the same, their performances are completely different. Under careful consideration, it contains infinite charm, which can be described as "seemingly dull, but actually strange."
Guiding students to understand the beauty of novels and plays can not only give them a sense of beauty, but also stimulate their curiosity and cultivate their interest in learning Chinese.
The beauty of poetry is even more obvious, and most people can notice it, so I don't need to say more here.
Third, reveal the beauty of the composition so that students can't stop.
Composition teaching is a comprehensive training. It can not only train students to read and write, use words to make sentences, and polish articles, develop students' language and improve their written expression ability, but also train students' thinking from the aspect of ideological understanding, deepen their understanding and sentiment of social life, cultivate healthy and noble aesthetic taste and good moral character, establish a good style of writing, and lay a good writing foundation for future study, work and life. Mr. Ye Shengtao has always advocated promoting students' intellectual development, improving students' ideological understanding and cultivating students' good personality. However, students are afraid of headaches as soon as they speak their compositions, which makes them anxious and passive. This is often what teacher China does most often.
The author still pays attention to let students appreciate the beauty of the composition. It really stimulated students' writing motivation.
First of all, try to explore the beauty of students' composition and expand the extension of students' composition beauty. For example, if a word is well used, whether it is an idiom or a new word just learned, as long as students can use it in their composition, they will use red to indicate that the idiom is well used or can be applied; There are some distinctive languages at the beginning of the composition, which are expressed in red pen: the beginning is wonderful; If you use a distinctive metaphor, it is very creative to use a red pen to express the metaphor; If you find that students have a unique outlook on life in their compositions, use a red pen to express it: opinions show the light of wisdom; If you find that students' writing ideas with pen are open and mature, use red pen to show that they are masters. And so on. Don't be stingy with praise, but let my red pen become a beautiful landscape in students' compositions. Let students see my red pen as if they saw the beauty of the composition, which will give them a sense of accomplishment in the composition, so that students will be interested in writing.
Secondly, it affirmed the students' neat and beautiful writing habits. Everything neat and beautiful in composition writing not only encourages high marks, but also praises and displays on a large scale, so that students can understand that beautiful writing can also give people pleasure, which is also a beautiful scenery and the key to successful composition (especially in the era of handwriting).
Once again, it is a garden for creating and publishing excellent compositions. In addition to organizing students to contribute enthusiastically, so that students' compositions can taste beautiful type and ink, they also use their familiar computer typing and computer editing skills to edit and print their own compositions, so that students' compositions can have a successful aesthetic experience for the author and other students.
When instructing students to write, they should also pay attention to changing forms, so that students can try various interesting styles. Such as: small script, let students experience the charm of dramatic language; Academic essays, aiming at a certain knowledge point or academic problem, demonstrate, talk about opinions and establish a family view; Write short idioms with prescribed idioms (the author has started editing two series). Intricate changes themselves can bring freshness to students. As the saying goes, distance produces beauty, and unfamiliar things can always make students feel beautiful. If they want to try, students' interest in composition will of course be stimulated.
Psychologically speaking, a good emotional response can greatly improve the enthusiasm and efficiency of activities. Students' learning efficiency is bound to be improved in the pleasant aesthetic experience, and their subjective initiative will be fully exerted. In the teaching process, teachers guide students to experience the aesthetic feeling brought by knowledge, thus stimulating students' interest in learning and improving learning efficiency, which is in line with psychological science. Some psychological experiments show that in the process of cognitive operation, they are in a positive and happy emotional state, with positive attitude, high self-confidence, wide range of perception, flexible thinking and quick operation. In the teaching process, as long as students can experience happy emotions, students are always absorbed and responsive, and the learning efficiency is usually high.
Let students experience the beauty of Chinese learning, that is, create a pleasant and comfortable learning atmosphere for students, that is, combine the exploration of knowledge with the emotional experience to stimulate students' happiness, so that students can feel the happiness and pleasure of Chinese learning and turn learning into their own internal needs. In this way, there will be lasting high efficiency.
Let's work together to make Chinese class more interesting and full of aesthetic feeling, which everyone likes.
Zu Guo Song Music Teaching Plan 1
Just after the National Day, the children know that this festival is the festival of the motherland and are full of love for