In the new historical period, our party put forward Scientific Outlook on Development, which further emphasized the need to put people first. This is a significant development of the Party's mass viewpoint. Adhering to the people-oriented principle means always taking the realization and development of the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people as the starting point and the end result of all the work of the party and the state, respecting the people's dominant position, giving play to the people's initiative, safeguarding people's rights and interests, taking the road of common prosperity, promoting people's all-round development, and achieving development for the people, relying on the people and enjoying the fruits of people's development.
At present, the hot and difficult issues concerned by our society mainly include employment, schooling, housing, income distribution, environmental protection, medical care and social security. In view of these problems, our party and government are taking a series of practical measures to accelerate social construction focusing on improving people's livelihood, focus on safeguarding and improving people's livelihood, promote social system reform, expand public services, improve social management and improve people's living standards. In the report of the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, it is clearly put forward that people's livelihood should be guaranteed and improved from the following aspects: (1) giving priority to the development of education and building a powerful country with human resources; (2) implement the strategy of expanding employment and promoting entrepreneurship to promote employment; (3) Deepening the reform of income distribution system and increasing the income of urban and rural residents; (4) Accelerate the establishment of a social security system covering urban and rural residents to ensure people's basic livelihood; (5) Establish a basic medical and health system to improve the health level of the whole people; (6) Improve social management and maintain social stability and unity. Under the guidance of these basic policies, in 2007 alone, the Chinese government launched a series of specific measures to protect and improve people's livelihood, such as exempting rural children from tuition and fees, implementing medical insurance for urban residents and minimum living security in rural areas, promulgating property law, including "property income" in the report of the party congress, introducing low-rent housing by the government, implementing the new labor contract law, building a "two-oriented" society, and adjusting the residents' vacation system. Judging from the formulation and concrete implementation of the above principles and policies, our party and government are really anxious about what the people are anxious about and think about what the people think. Especially after the Sichuan earthquake, a series of earthquake relief measures adopted by our party and country have more profoundly reflected our party's high sense of responsibility and broad feelings of upholding the people's interests above all else and putting people first.
The contradiction between productive forces and relations of production, economic base and superstructure is the basic contradiction of human society. These two pairs of contradictions run through the development process of human society and stipulate the basic nature of various social forms and social systems in the process of social development; It restricts the existence and development of other social contradictions, determines the general process of social history and promotes social development. Social basic contradictions have different forms of expression and solutions in different historical development stages, and fundamentally affect and promote the changes of social forms and social development. Antagonistic contradictions are usually solved through class struggle or even social revolution, while non-confrontational contradictions are usually solved through reform.
China is currently in the primary stage of socialism. On the one hand, China has entered a socialist society and established an economic base with public ownership as the main body and a state power of people's democratic dictatorship. Judging from the situation of social basic contradictions, the suitable aspects of social basic contradictions are basic and main, and the unsuitable aspects are non-main; On the other hand, China's socialism is still in the primary stage, and there are various interrelated contradictions in the country's economic, political, cultural and social life. The social productive forces are underdeveloped, the relations of production are imperfect and the superstructure is immature. In particular, the contradiction between people's growing material and cultural needs and backward social production is prominent and has become the main contradiction of society. However, judging from the nature of the basic social contradictions, these contradictions are mainly non-confrontational, which should and can be solved through the self-improvement and development of the socialist system itself, that is, reform. To this end, our party has formulated the basic line of "one center and two basic points", further put forward Scientific Outlook on Development, and insisted on combining economic construction as the center with the four basic principles and the two basic points of reform and opening up with the great practice of developing socialism, and on combining the reform of economic foundation with the reform of superstructure, which has made profound changes in China society from productivity to production relations and from economic foundation to superstructure, and achieved remarkable development achievements.