Louis Victor de Broglie is a French theoretical physicist. He was born into a noble family. He used to study history, but under the influence of his brother M de Broglie, he turned to physics. 1905, Einstein's light quantum hypothesis led to the establishment of the wave-particle duality theory of light. Affected by this, de Broglie put forward the concept of matter wave from the perspective that nature should be symmetrical. 1922, De Broglie published the first paper "Blackbody Radiation and Light Quantum" which implied wave thought, and applied the light quantum theory to blackbody radiation. 1923, de Broglie published three more papers, all guided by the idea that just as radiation has particle properties, physical particles should also fluctuate, and the wavelength of physical particle waves should be inversely proportional to particle momentum. From 65438 to 0924, De Broglie submitted a doctoral thesis entitled "Research on Quantum Theory" to the Faculty of Science, Paris University, France. This paper systematically expounds his thought: in the19th century, people paid too much attention to the fluctuation of light and ignored the particle nature of light, but now people only see the particle nature of physical objects and ignore its fluctuation, that is, physical particles are wave-particle duality like light. De Broglie also believes that this kind of physical particle wave is neither a mechanical wave nor an electromagnetic wave, but a probability wave. De Broglie's paper was first valued by Einstein, and then by many physicists. 1927, C. J. Dai Weixun, L. H. Gomi and G. P. Thomson respectively verified De Broglie's formula of matter wave with electron diffraction experiments, and the wave-particle duality of matter was recognized. De Broglie's probability wave forms the basis of establishing quantum mechanics.