Basic Introduction Chinese Name: Yu Zelan Nationality: China Nationality: Han Nationality Birthplace: Fujian Province Date of Birth:1June 8931Date of Death:1956165438+1October 22nd Occupation. Works: Applied Chemistry, Latest Qualitative Analysis Gender: Brief introduction of men, technical achievements, resume, main works, brief introduction Yu Zelan, also known as Yu Lanyuan, was born in a poor peasant family in Shang Lu Township, Gutian County, Fujian Province,1June 1966 1893+0. Due to poor family background, at the age of 10, he adopted his uncle Yu Zuyu (Ziyang Mountain) who was doing business in Minhou, and his native place was changed to Minhou, Fujian. Yu Zuyu and his wife treated him like their own flesh and blood. Although he runs a small business, he still supports Yu Zelan to go to school. Yu Zelan was smart and eager to learn, with excellent academic performance, and was successfully admitted to Beijing Tsinghua Preparatory School for Studying in the United States. 19 18 He graduated from this school and was chosen to study in the United States at public expense. During the four and a half years of studying in the United States, he successively obtained bachelor's, master's and doctor's degrees from Johns Hopkins University and Columbia University, and began to work hard in the field of chemistry. Technical achievements: taking teaching as a profession, writing a large number of chemistry textbooks. In the 1920s, China's science, culture and education were backward internationally. Yu Zelan was determined to revitalize China's chemical career, and he chose the road of teaching and educating people. 1924 After returning to China, he has been struggling for education posts and has been hired by more than a dozen universities in the north and south. He has taught analytical chemistry, organic chemistry, agricultural chemistry, biochemistry, nutritional chemistry, agricultural product analysis, agricultural product manufacturing, brewing, soil science, fertilizer science and other courses, and enjoyed a high reputation in the field of chemical education at that time. Among the students and graduate students he supervised, many later became famous professors and scholars in the field of chemistry. During his teaching career, Yu Zelan translated and compiled a large number of professional textbooks. In the process of teaching, he noticed that most of the textbooks used at that time were in western languages, while the chemistry textbooks in China were very scarce. Due to the obstacles of foreign language proficiency, students often spend too much time and earn less. Therefore, he actively engaged in translation in his spare time, and combined his practical experience in teaching and scientific research to compile Chinese textbooks. As he said in the preface of the book Practical Organic Chemistry: "There are many factories in western countries, and all the foods, fabrics, dyes, explosives, medicines and cosmetics that are committed to manufacturing and exporting are organic compounds. Today, our country still wants to turn poor into rich, and it will not succeed without developing the chemical industry first. To develop the chemical industry, we must first advocate and popularize organic chemistry education. Although chemistry education in China has been established for a long time, the teaching of organic chemistry is still lacking. Lan (Yu Zelan) has been a full-time professor of chemistry in China for more than ten years. In my spare time, I should collect organic chemistry publications of Taixi celebrities, proofread and compare them, and select good translations. " Many of his teaching materials have been published and used as suitable teaching materials or guidance books for chemical experiments at that time, and some have been reprinted. For example, the book "Practical Chemistry" compiled by him in Northeastern University was published by 193 1 and reprinted every year for five years. The latest qualitative analysis published by 1934 has also been reprinted twice. 1935 published Agricultural Analysis and Industrial Analysis, which was written by him when he was in Hebei Agricultural College. He wrote: "The significance and use of analytical chemistry are enormous, and the demand is increasing day by day. ..... Western philosophers have said that agricultural products analysis and industrial analysis can become the mainstay of chemistry students. ..... In recent years, China's industry and commerce and its supervisory organs have entered a period of vigorous development from the embryonic era. However, there is a serious shortage of analytical chemistry talents and teaching materials. Lan Ben's more than ten years of teaching and research experience has integrated the thoughts of those who are interested in Taoism. " (preface to the original book). This book can be used not only as a teaching material, but also as a guide and analysis book for laboratories such as agricultural research institute and commodity inspection institute. Another example is the book Organic Chemistry Experiment translated by him and Fu Rong. 10 has been used as a teaching material and reference book by many universities for many years. He published more than one monograph 10 in his life, most of which were written for teaching needs. Yu Zelan actively engaged in scientific research and improved analytical methods, and was one of the experts in the field of early chemistry in China. His work fields involved analytical chemistry, biochemistry, organic chemistry, agricultural chemistry and so on. He is a member of the Biochemistry Society of chinese chemical society and China. At the first annual meeting of chinese chemical society from 65438 to 0933, he read the paper on chemical composition and physiological function of Zanthoxylum bungeanum, which was one of the seven papers read at the meeting. At the meeting, he also put forward the proposal of "asking the Ministry of Education to increase funds to enrich the equipment of each chemistry room before attaching importance to agricultural and medical projects", which is also one of the proposals put forward by the General Assembly 18. He was also elected as one of the first (12) editorial boards of Chemistry magazine. While teaching, Yu Zelan attached great importance to chemical experiments and research. On the one hand, he translated foreign chemical academic achievements into Chinese in time and introduced them to his domestic counterparts, constantly absorbing new foreign knowledge and enriching and perfecting his teaching content; On the other hand, on the basis of accumulating teaching experience, actively participate in chemical research. In order to learn and study the new achievements of foreign chemistry, he learned and mastered four foreign languages, English, German, Japanese and Russian, and was proficient in translation and writing. Published more than 0/00 academic papers in Chinese and foreign languages. This article covers a wide range, focusing on analytical chemistry. As early as 1923, Yu Zelan put forward a new method for the determination of vegetable oil, which was published in the Journal of American Chemical Society in the same year. The article "Nurse" published by 1927 shows that he is one of the pioneering scholars who introduced and expounded "nurse" (that is, vitamins today) in China. In 1930, he proposed a new system for analyzing Al-Fe group metals. Compared with the system of A. N0yes, it not only saves time, but also can eliminate phosphate and cobalt without other procedures. Compared with Noyce, the identification method is much faster, more reliable and more accurate. In the article "New System of Acid Radical Analysis" published by 1932, he improved Noyce's acid radical analysis system, and divided all common acid radicals into five groups, namely, carbonate group, chloride group, phosphate group, sulfate group and chlorate group, and discussed in detail the methods of distinguishing and identifying each group of acid radicals. In the article "Analysis of Horn Pepper", according to a large number of experimental facts, he suggested that absolute ethanol should be used as the extractant for analyzing horn pepper, and proposed a new identification method to determine the nitrogen content in various parts of horn pepper. He also put forward a new method for quantitative analysis of peanut oil according to the needs of import and export and commodity inspection. This method has six advantages and overcomes the shortcomings of the previous lead soap salt and ether method. Extending chemical theory to practical technology In teaching and scientific research, Yu Zelan has always attached importance to applying chemical theory to practical technology and paid close attention to practical methods and technical problems. 1935, he and Zhang Guowei * * * compiled the Method of Making Hundreds of Organic Compounds, which is an important reference book with guiding significance for the production of organic compounds. The original text is the work of the famous German chemist E. Fischer, and * * * proposed 90 methods for preparing organic compounds. Later, German chemistry professor B. Helferich deleted 14 methods in the original work and improved 9 new methods. Yu Zelan believes that organic chemistry has just started in China, and the more methods introduced, the better. Therefore, 90 methods in the original work were changed to 9 1, and 9 methods added by Shanghai Feili were added, so a total of 100 methods were introduced. In the teaching process of agricultural colleges and universities for many years, Yu Zelan applied analytical chemistry knowledge to agriculture and food industry and did a lot of concrete work. He has published many papers, such as Chemical Analysis of Milk in Beiping and Baoding, Method of Making Alcohol from Sorghum and Extracting Alcohol from Sorghum Wine, Chemical Analysis of Soil in Baoding, Phosphorylation of protein with Oviduct, etc. Yu Zelan also devoted himself to the chemical industry. During his tenure as a professor, he participated in and directed the production of various chemical products in off-campus factories. For example, 1942- 1943, he is also a chemical consultant of Dongzhimennei Cultural Factory, providing suggestions on the manufacturing process of various chemical products in the factory. The products of this factory include inorganic drugs such as acid, alkali and salt, organic drugs such as indicator and chromogenic agent, and tanning cream for tanning or tanning. From 1944 to 1945, he also worked as a technician in Lida soda plant located in Tianqiao, Beijing, and instructed the plant to produce sodium carbonate from Xishan limestone, Datong bituminous coal and Hangu mirabilite. 1946 to 1947, technician of Beiping Public Bureau. At that time, the public bureau took over the puppet ice-making factory outside Chaoyangmen (after receiving it, it was transferred to Beiping Enterprise Company), so he was appointed as the factory director and engineer. After the founding of New China, Yu Zelan took an active part in the teaching reform in New China, and participated in the examination and approval of the national biochemistry glossary presided over by the Ministry of Health. 1956165438+10, and he died of diabetes on1956165438+122 October. However, his contribution to chemistry teaching and scientific research will remain in the world forever. Resume1June, 893 1 1 Born in Gutian County, Fujian Province. 19 18 graduated from Beijing Tsinghua school. 19 19 received a bachelor of science degree from Johns Hopkins university. 1920, master's degree in agricultural chemistry from Columbia University. 1922 received a doctorate in agricultural chemistry from Columbia University, and was a researcher in the Department of Chemistry of the University of Chicago. 1923 ——1924 Researcher and Director of Analysis, Jiadahui Company, USA. 1924 ——1926 Professor, Chemistry Department, Xiamen University. 1926 ——1927 dean and professor of chemistry department of zhongzhou university. 1927 ——1931Professor of Chemistry Department of Northeastern University. 1931-1935 Professor of Chemistry, Hebei Agricultural College. 1935 ——1936 Director and Professor of Agricultural Chemistry, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Central University. 1936 ——1937 Head of the Department of Applied Chemistry, Peking University Institute of Technology, Professor of Brewing. 1938 ——1939 director and professor of chemistry department of China university. 1939 ——1945 dean and professor of chemistry department of Peking University institute of science and engineering. 1945 temporary professor of chemistry at Peking University. 1946 Professor, Department of Chemical Engineering, Beiyang University. 1947 ——1948 Professor of Chemistry, Hebei Agricultural College. 1948 ——1950 Professor of Chemistry, Hebei Medical College. 1950 ——1956 Professor, Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Beijing Agricultural University. 1956 165438+ died in Beijing on1October 22nd. It is mainly located atNo. Thomas Avenue 1 in Chai City. Determination of mixture of arachidonic acid and tetracosanoic acid in peanut oil with magnesium soap, Journal of American Chemical Society,1923,45:113-128. Thomas Chai-Lan Yu. New qualitative test of rope oil and tung oil. J.Am.Chem.Soc,1923,45:129—130.3 Yu Zelan. Nurse. Science, 1927,11(8):1098-107. 13 (8):1073-1091.5 Yu Zelan. A new system for analyzing Al-Fe metal roots. Science, 1930, 14 (6): 8 10-. 193 1.7 Yulanyuan. A new acid radical analysis system. Science, 1932,16 (12):1784-1797.8 Yulanyuan. Qualitative analysis experiment teaching. 1933.9 Yu Lanyuan. Fu Rong. Chemical constituents and physiological functions of Zanthoxylum bungeanum. Baoding: Hebei Agricultural College, 1933. 10 Yu Lanyuan. Latest qualitative analysis. Peiping: University Press,1934.50648.566666661(2): 202.12 Yu Lanyuan. The newly revised root analysis system of Al-Fe metal. Engineering Quarterly, 1934,1(3):15-28.13 Yu Lan Yuan. The first issue: 90- 105. 14 Yu Lanyuan. Agricultural products analysis and industrial analysis. Beiping: University Press, 1935. 15 Yu Lanyuan, ed. Preparation of hundreds of organic compounds. Beiping: University Press, 1935. George Albert Kelly, Louise). Beiping: University Press, 1935. 17 edited by Yu Lanyuan. Practical chemistry. Beiping: University Press, 1935. 18 Yu Lanyuan, Fu Rong. Analysis of Pepper in Yang Jiao. Journal of Hebei Agriculture and Forestry, 65438. 1:103—114.19 Yu Lanyuan. Methods of making alcohol from sorghum and extracting alcohol from sorghum liquor. The 24th anniversary of Hebei Agricultural College, 1935.20 Yu Lanyuan. The latest quantitative analysis. Beiping: Yu Lanyuan (1936.2 1). Emergency treatment and preventive measures of various accidents in chemical laboratory. Beiping: Department of Chemistry, National Peking University University of Science, 1940.22, translated by Yu Lanyuan. Organic Chemistry Experiment (Ardanz, roger johnson, John Laffer). Beiping: Institute of Technology, Peking University.