chinese abstract

Li Qingzhao, a poetess in Song Dynasty, recorded herself and the world around her, and her works have important research value in the history of literature. This paper holds that Li Qingzhao's ci style is graceful and lofty, and her pursuit of love reflects the sincere and lingering tenderness of women; Second, the pain of losing a husband in Nandu, the lonely personal experience reflects the grief of going abroad to hate the family feud.

Keywords: tenderness and lofty sentiments

In the history of China, Li Qingzhao is a miracle. She ranks among the stars in the Song Dynasty with a poem "Shuyu Ci". Li Qingzhao's artistic talent, artistic style and outstanding achievements in Ci poetry. This is a beautiful scenery in the history of China ancient literature. There are two kinds of words: one is graceful and restrained, and the other is bold and unconstrained. Reading poetry likes to know the author first. Some people write in pursuit of gorgeous words. I prefer poets who are informal, express their inner thoughts and feelings. Li Qingzhao is such a temperament poet, and her ci has the tenderness and pride unique to women.

Li Qingzhao, Yi Anju, a native of Shandong, married into a government official. Living in this comfortable and comfortable environment, Li Qingzhao's maiden and original match are the happiest stages in her life. During this period, most of Li Qingzhao's ci styles yearned for the pursuit of beautiful love and a happy life after marriage. The difficulty of Jingkang changed the history of Song Dynasty and the fate of literati. At this time, Li Qingzhao also experienced the fate of breaking the country and losing her husband, and her ci style changed, mostly depressed.

When I was a girl, I was smart and lively, eager for love.

Li Qingzhao's father was one of the "last four bachelors" in the Northern Song Dynasty, and her mother was also good at poetry. Growing up in this environment, Li Qingzhao showed great interest in poetry from an early age. She is still sitting on her father's knee, and hundreds of ancient poems are catchy. As a girl, she had nothing to do with poetry and painting, and drank and sang with her good friends. I enjoy being with others, like listening to others and tasting it again for myself in the future, so I wrote down this leisurely and interesting thing in my notes: I will always remember the sunset in Xiting, I don't know the way home, I am happy to return to the boat at night, and I have strayed into the depths of the lotus. How to row a boat out, accidentally, but scared a group of Oulu.

This is a cheerful song that you sing when you are in a strong mood. You lie in the pond, drink in the pavilion by the stream, get drunk and go home. I vaguely heard that in this word, Li Qingzhao's hearty laughter for thousands of years floated. What's so funny, so funny? Listening to her memories: I was drunk with people in the pavilion by the stream until the evening, and I was in a daze and drunk. Was it drunk? Still intoxicating? Or are people drunk? But I laughed so hard that I couldn't even find my way home. Since you can't find the way, you must be going the wrong way. Sure enough, it was late when it ended, so I went home by boat. But because the lotus is in full bloom, it sinks deeper and deeper and loses its direction. Hurriedly rowed to the ferry, only to find that the gull heron, which had already inhabited, was awakened by the sound of rowing and flew over crying. Every time I read this, I always seem to hear her sorry smile at the seagull. Li Qingzhao's lively nature is vividly on the paper. However, imagine that women in that era were bound by the etiquette of feudal society. Like Li Qingzhao, the daughter of an educated family can row a boat outside and go home only when she is happy. She also sings with others. It can be seen that Li Qingzhao's silent resistance to the society at that time and her yearning for freedom.

(A) the pursuit of love, showing women's unique rich and delicate tenderness

In that feudal society, women were bound by traditional ideas, and their psychology and behavior were deeply suppressed. They dare not show their pursuit of life. Li Qingzhao, on the other hand, described her longing for love: "I went away with shame, looking back at my son, only smelling my childhood." [1] "Little Crimson Lips") She wrote love shyly: "Rusty-faced hibiscus smiles, flying ducks are lined with acacia, and her eyes are surmised. On the one hand, I am full of charm and half-hearted. I wish I could give you a quiet heart. When the moon moves, the shadow will come back. " [2] In "Huanxi Yarn", she wrote that the husband and wife are lovesick and leave their worries: "Flowers leave Shui Piao, one kind of lovesickness, and two places are carefree. This situation can't be eliminated, and only when the eyebrows are low, the heart is true. " [3] ("A Plum") These words are slow and affectionate, natural and frank, reflecting the pure and delicate aura of women.

Praise self-image and personality spirit by chanting flowers.

Looking at all Li Qingzhao's poems about flowers, we can find that plum blossom, ginkgo biloba, osmanthus fragrans and chrysanthemum are the most popular, which euphemistically and implicitly express women's delicate feelings. Chinese people have always liked plum blossoms in full bloom, and they are proud of the frost and snow. They call it "flower-based" and rank among the "three friends of the old and the cold" and "four gentlemen among flowers". Li Qingzhao not only highlighted their bright colors and postures, but also paid more attention to excavating their spiritual implications. Osmanthus fragrans has won the favor of Li Qingzhao for its peaceful and indifferent spiritual temperament. Not only that, Li Qingzhao also saw the romantic temperament of celebrities in Wei and Jin Dynasties. Mei is a poet's favorite. Fisherman's Proud Snow, Spring Letter, Full Court, Small Pavilion and Hidden Spring are all representative works of Yongmei. "Don't hate sweet snow, be sure to channel and sweep away feelings. It's hard to say, the night is bright and bright, and it's still romantic. " (Man Ting) The elegant, noble, cold and quiet charm of plum blossom is the poet's elegant and self-loving spiritual quality. In these works, Li Qingzhao takes flowers as a metaphor, which shows her pursuit of extraordinary, noble, self-reliant and narcissistic personality, which makes her break through the humble character of ordinary boudoir women and has the eternal romantic style of celebrities.

To some extent, Li Qingzhao's ci is a record of her own mental journey, and the description of her self-image is an important content, which is often expressed euphemistically and implicitly by chanting flowers. "Hua Rong indifferent, everyone is naive. It took a lot of time to be exposed to the wind and put on new makeup. Charming and gorgeous, jealous of the wind and laughing at the moon, and bad with Dong Junchang. " This poem "Qing Qing Man" expresses the poet's appreciation of self-superiority and unparalleled elegance by praising the color, shape and quality of chrysanthemums. In Broken Magnolia, we can see the poet's praise for his beautiful face, "Selling flowers." I bought a spring flower. Tears are lightly dyed, and there is still a glimpse of summer. "What a beautiful flower it is! In bud. The next sentence of the word reads, "I'm afraid Lang guessed that the slave's face is not as good as the flower's face." "The clouds are slanting, and I want to teach Lang Biguan." Originally, flowers were written to highlight a person's beautiful appearance. If a person does not have full confidence in his appearance and is not full of love for his appearance, who dares to let Lang "compare"?

Being a woman for the second time reveals her love experience and sincere lingering tenderness.

Li Qingzhao's marriage is one of the few happy marriages in ancient times, and it can even be summarized by jack shall have Jill. However, her love has great limitations. She only loves her husband, but she doesn't love more than anything else like modern and contemporary feminists. However, Li Qingzhao is enough here. After all, poetess grew up in the atmosphere of poetry etiquette and married to a family of high officials and dignitaries.

(a), and her husband talk about poetry as a mirror.

Li Qingzhao's husband once had a dream, in which he said, "The word and the company have been stripped of their clothes and the grass has been pulled out." 7. His father thinks he wants to marry a prostitute. After marriage, they really loved each other, shared the same interests, wrote poems, fought tea and guessed the details of life, which became a story for a while. Li Qingzhao described that happy life in the preface to the record of the stone: "Li Qingzhao said that she has a strong memory. Every time after dinner, she sits in the study and goes back to the hall, making tea, pointing to something recorded in a book, which volume, which page, which line, and saying right or wrong can tell the winner better than drinking tea first. Whenever I say it right, I raise my glass and laugh, so that I fall in my arms with tea. Sometimes couples talk about poetry. Zhao Mingcheng said, "I just like your sentences such as" I woke up a beach of gulls for my honeymoon ","I'm in a good mood when I put on my shirt "and" I'm afraid pear blossoms are hard to stop ". Such a married life is estimated to be envied by even modern people.

Zhao Mingcheng was particularly fond of epigraphy. Besides studying classics and history, he also specially searched for Yi wares, calligraphy and painting. After marriage, Li Qingzhao also developed a strong interest in epigraphy, helping her husband with textual research and identification. The affection between husband and wife is getting deeper and deeper. Zhao Mingcheng is in college and only asks for leave twice a month. Although she is in the same city, Li Qingzhao still thinks that meeting once a thousand miles and a half is an annual Chinese Valentine's Day.

It was Shangyuan Festival, which happened to be the day when Zhao Mingcheng went home. Just as Zhao Mingcheng was seated in the study, the servant girl came to report that there was a little boy in the university asking for an audience. When my son walked into the study, he saw that he was wearing an embroidered Confucian towel and a lake cotton robe, with fine eyes and graceful demeanor. Zhao Mingcheng hurriedly asked your name. The scholar looked smart and said, "My brother and I are old classmates. It's been half a month. Why is my brother so forgetful? " Zhao Mingcheng came back, smiling, and grabbed the woman disguised as a man's wife. After lunch, Li Qingzhao, a menswear girl, followed Zhao Mingcheng across the street and went to Suoguo Temple. In the snack bar, Zhao Mingcheng specially selected snacks that Li Qingzhao had never seen before, let Li Qingzhao taste them all, and then bought some playthings such as small clay figurines at the expense of wandering artists. Li Qingzhao, who was born well, took to the streets for the first time. Naturally, she is particularly novel and happy. The years passed so carefree.

(2) Give poems and your husband hope that you will come back soon.

Time flies. In the bleak autumn wind and fragrant Gui Xiang, Zhao Mingcheng received a letter from his friend asking him to go to Mount Tai. Li Qingzhao couldn't accompany him to Mount Tai, so she helped Zhaofu pack some luggage and bid farewell to her husband. Li Qingzhao wrote a farewell poem "A Piece of Plum" for Zhao Mingcheng;

"Red lotus root fragrant residual jade long autumn. Lightly understand Luo Shang and monopolize Lanzhou.

Who sent the brocade book, the word geese returned, and the moon was full of the West Building.

Flowers bloom and fall, and flowing water gurgles. One kind of lovesickness, two places of leisure.

I can't get rid of this situation. I just frown, but I take it to heart. "⑧

If she is not a woman who loves her husband very much, how can she frown and be sad for a while and can't let go of her feelings? Without such feelings, it is difficult to write such simple and touching words. It is true that Zhao Mingcheng saw this word and had no intention of climbing Mount Tai and visiting ancient monuments, and his mind to play was reduced by half; Although people are getting farther and farther away from home, their hearts are getting closer. Before they arrived at Mount Tai, their hearts were already counting their return date. The love between husband and wife is on the paper.

(C) the sorrow of perishable beauty

The more beautiful things are, the easier it is to lose, and the faster the flowers fade. People see their youth and beauty in flowers, and also realize the brevity and fragility of youth and beauty. Although Li Qingzhao is a talented woman, her youth and beauty are still a great wealth. This poem intentionally or unintentionally reveals sadness about the passing of appearance. The most representative one here is "Like a Dream": "Last night, the rain and the wind suddenly blew, and I slept soundly. Ask the shutter man, Haitang is still there. Do you know that?/You know what? Do you know that?/You know what? It should be green, fat, red and thin. (5) It shows the poetess's pity for flowers and sorrow for youth. Youth, like love, is as beautiful as flowers, and as hard as flowers to bear the relentless destruction of wind and rain. That infinite sad sigh: "Do you know? Do you know that?/You know what? It should be green, fat and thin. " It can be seen how the floral fragrance at this time deeply touched the heart of the poetess. The tenderness in a woman's heart is vividly expressed.

Flying three south, I feel sad and handsome, cheerful and heroic.

Zhao Mingcheng and Li Qingzhao have been married for twenty-six years, and the political situation has been in rapid change and turmoil. Her husband Zhao Mingcheng died on the way, leaving Li Qingzhao alone. Later, she experienced remarriage and divorce, and the scene at night was particularly bleak. Therefore, Li Qingzhao not only experienced the pain of national destruction and family death, but also experienced the sadness of losing her lover forever. His ci style is also a change, showing vicissitudes of life.

The change of Jingkang ended the Northern Song Dynasty, but it also changed Li Qingzhao's quiet and happy life as a lady. Although Li Qingzhao has a more relaxed living environment than contemporary women, and even has some scholar-bureaucrat spirit, she can't completely surpass her role. After all, her personal life is closely linked to that bitter era. The situation at this time has inevitably penetrated the heavy grief of the country's destruction and the painful thoughts of worrying about the country and homesickness. With a delicate and sensitive perspective, she deeply perceived and recorded people's emotional fluctuations and mental trauma in the chaos, which indirectly reflected the suffering of the times.

"Wulingchun" words: "I am afraid that the boat will not move, and I am worried." Yes, there have been many joys and sorrows in the boat of Li Qingzhao's life. Without Li Qingzhao's life experience, there would be no Li Qingzhao's works, such as Wuling Chun and Slow Whispering, which are no exception: "Looking for it, it is cold and clear, and it is sad. It's the hardest to stop breathing when it's warm and cold. Three glasses and two glasses of wine, how can you beat him? It's late. It's urgent. Guo Yan is very sad, but this is an old acquaintance. The yellow flowers are piled all over the floor, withered and damaged, and now no one can pick them. Looking out the window, how can you be alone? Indus is raining in Mao Mao, dripping at dusk. This time, how worrying.

When we read this word, we seem to see an old woman without complaint, looking for something in a dark room and suddenly looking out through the window. When she saw wild geese and withered yellow flowers heading south, she was even sadder: in her early years, she was as thin as yellow flowers in the West Wind, but now she is as haggard as yellow flowers piled up on the ground because of the torture of Where are you going? The autumn rain outside the window fell on the buttonwood tree and kept dripping. How can she stand such a bleak situation? In this way, the author's sad mood and trance-like expression of "getting rid of sorrow and finding each other" (Notes on Old Learning Temple, Volume 8) are written. This is the real artistic effect of the 14-character "search and seek, cold and clear, sad and miserable". The reason why Li Qingzhao can write the word "black" is mainly because she has a deep understanding of life, in addition to her outstanding writing style. As a young woman, she was often separated from her husband, so that she died at the age of 46 and became an old woman herself. For thirty or forty years, she spent many nights alone. She has her own unique feelings about the word "black". This word implicitly and accurately expresses the author's suffering for most of his life. At the same time, the word "black" naturally leads to the word "worry" behind. "What a sad word" sums up the life of this medieval poetess in China.

It's Shangyuan Festival again. There was a flute in the yard next door, mixed with the songs of lotus flowers and fishermen in Jiangnan water town. Li Qingzhao opened the curtain and walked into the room. I saw a few plum blossoms in an ancient bottle on the table, and the brazier on the ground was full of charcoal fire. These remind Li Qingzhao of the wedding night more than 30 years ago, which is also a fiery charcoal fire and fragrant plum blossoms. The flute next door stopped, and several girls were talking and laughing. Li Qingzhao came to the window and looked over there. I saw three or four 16-and 17-year-old girls, wearing beaded ornaments and small crowns, standing in the yard of Canxue in red makeup, ready to look at the lantern. More than 30 years ago, in the heyday of Zhongzhou, on the street of Bianjing, at their age, she also changed into a man's suit and went to watch the lights with her husband. Li Qingzhao was shocked. Li Qingzhao turned around, silently removed Zhao Mingcheng's manuscript from the bookshelf, put it on the case, fondled the manuscript copied by Zhao Mingcheng himself, closed her eyes and shed two lines of clear tears.

Things don't always stop, tears flow first. In the days after her husband's death, Li Qingzhao's love and hope went with her. How she longed to catch up with Zhao Mingcheng in the grave, but she still had to live. She cast her sad and absent-minded eyes on the book beside the bed, and an idea rose more and more vividly in her mind. She sorted out the articles he wrote about stones and stone ritual vessels and gave them to Zhao Mingcheng, because these stones and stone ritual vessels were the source of happiness for the couple for twenty-nine years.

"Life is a hero, death is a ghost male. I still think of Xiang Yu and refuse to cross Jiangdong. " Pet-name ruby Xiang Yu shows Li Qingzhao's indomitable enthusiasm for heroic integrity. Strong style, magnificent. "The south is wearing a king, and there is little news in the north." Her poems reflect her feelings of worrying about the country and the people.

Of course, Li Qingzhao's way of observing life and society under the specific historical conditions and environment in the Song Dynasty must have the limitations of the times and history. However, in her, we can see the self of traditional women and the examination of their own environment. With women's unique delicacy and sensitivity, they deeply perceive and record people's emotional fluctuations and psychological trauma, especially women's, in the chaos, and indirectly reflect the suffering of the times.

refer to

1, The Artistic Features of Ancient Writers, China Federation of Literary and Art Circles Press.

2. Liu Yi on Li Qingzhao and His Works Zhonghua Book Company

3. On Li Qingzhao's Ci by Wang Zhonghua Book Company

4. Xu Peijun Li Qingzhao Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House

5. Hu Shi Fu Lun, Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House

6. Chu Binjie's On Li Qingzhao and His Creation Zhonghua Book Company

The article is taken from:/view/a4269ec3aa00b52afc7caeb.html.