First of all, there are two main benefits.
First of all, it enriches the variety of food, and people can eat more food now than before. Watermelon, for example, was not delicious before the 20th century because of its thick skin, less meat and more seeds. However, under the scientific cultivation of high-quality varieties selected in the past hundred years, watermelons with thin skin and plenty of flesh have higher sweetness, and even some varieties can be seedless, so they have become popular fruits now.
The second is to break the seasonal restrictions on food. In the past, the normal growth of food was determined by temperature, light and other factors, so the seasonal factors were great. However, with the progress of science and technology, fruits and vegetables can only be eaten in certain seasons. Now, they can be eaten all year round through greenhouse and transgenic. Then look at the disadvantages, mainly in two aspects.
First of all, food safety issues have emerged. The illegal use of pesticides, ripening agents and other chemicals in the production process will destroy the nutrition of food itself, even make food contain toxic substances, and ultimately cause harm to consumers.
Second, it is inconclusive whether genetically modified foods are harmful to human beings. Some people think that genetically modified foods will produce unknown viruses or pose some unknown dangers to consumers. It is risky for human beings to eat genetically modified food without knowing whether it is harmless.