Guide: Model essay of English education master's graduation thesis for English education master's students' reference!
Model essay on graduation thesis of master of English education
Construction of Medical English Teaching Method Based on Postgraduate Education
1 Explain the word formation related to this lesson.
The key to medical English lies in vocabulary, mainly nouns and adjectives. Nouns and adjectives consist of prefixes, roots and suffixes. Therefore, if you can master some prefixes, roots and suffixes related to this lesson, many long words and difficult words will be solved easily. For example, College Medical English (1) Teaching of Unit 4, Text B? Heart failure, you can first explain the following word formation elements. The root is: (1)? Cuddy-? Show? Heart? , such as electrocardiogram; ( 2)? My-? Show? Muscle? , such as cardiomyopathy; ( 3)? Shorthand-? Show? Narrow? , such as www.5 1lunwen.com narrow (narrow); ( 4)? Blood vessels- Show? Blood vessels? Such as vasodilators (vasodilators); ( 5)? Oort-? Show? Aorta? , such as aortic resection (partial aortic resection); ( 6)? thromb( o) -？ Show? Blockage, thrombosis? Such as thrombin. The prefix is: (1)? Brady- Show? Slow, slow? , such as bradycardia (bradycardia); ( 2)? Tachycardia. Show? Quick, quick? Such as tachycardia (tachycardia). Suffixes are: (1)? -Sick? Show? Disease or treatment? , such as hydrotherapy (hydrotherapy); ( 2)? Grandma? Show? For example. , such as thermogram (Thermogram); ( 3)? -A chart? Show? Tracer？ , such as electrocardiogram (ECG). Don't explain prefixes, suffixes and roots too much, 20 minutes at most, otherwise it will be difficult for students to accept.
Read the full text and write a summary or a subsection summary.
Reading is a review of new words. Under certain circumstances, students can remember vocabulary more accurately and firmly. After reading, ask the students to write a summary or a subsection summary to further understand the full text. This method helps to cultivate their fast reading ability. For graduate students, the focus of medical English learning lies in reading and translation. First of all, we must be able to read foreign documents (especially English documents) to meet the demand for English in future work; Second, we must translate some documents from English into Chinese, so as to accurately turn other people's things into our own, and at the same time, we can also translate our own things into English for more people to consult and refer to, thus making contributions to academic exchanges. Speed reading is the best way to read the theme, so it is necessary to cultivate students' good reading habits. In addition, writing is also one of the necessary skills for graduate students in their future work. Professor Liang pointed out that understanding is the basis of output, and understanding can only be tested and corrected in output. In other words, you can only write well if you understand it; The process of writing is the process of understanding and revising the full text again. Through such exercises, students' writing ability can be effectively cultivated.
Reading helps to review the vocabulary you have just learned, speed reading helps to grasp the main idea, and writing helps to grasp the full text again and lay the foundation for translation.
3 group translation, learn from each other
Professor Hua Zhongle pointed out that the expression space is created in the classroom discussion, which is the interaction between the two sides, and loads a lot of reference information to help students affirm themselves and correct themselves, so as to make students think positively and participate in the classroom. Also mentioned in the article? Heart failure? Take the first lesson as an example. Ask the students to translate a short passage in groups of four. Group translation has many advantages:
(1) Learn from each other. Freshmen often have a solid foundation in English and can translate long and difficult sentences. Previous students have solid professional knowledge. They can learn from each other's strong points and learn from each other in the discussion, and at the same time, they can enhance mutual understanding and make them learn to cooperate.
(2) Seriously, strive for perfection. The tasks of each group are small, but few and precise, which has tempered their scientific attitude of being rigorous, earnest and striving for perfection. (3) Preliminary dabbling in translation skills. In translation, teachers should consciously remind students to pay attention to some translation skills, such as the treatment of word meaning, the conversion of part of speech, the addition and subtraction of translation, the translation of passive voice, the treatment of long sentences and so on. In short, group translation can not only enable students to practice translation skills, but also learn language knowledge and professional knowledge. It can also enhance their understanding and learn to cooperate.
4 teacher's comments, * * * with promotion.
After completing the task within the specified time, each group will send a representative to report their research results, while other students will pay attention to whether other people's translations are consistent with their own. After the report, let other team members raise objections first, and then the teacher comments. Teachers should pay attention to the following points when commenting: (1) Pay attention to translation skills. Such as the choice of word meaning, the conversion of part of speech, the translation of passive voice, etc. (2) Pay attention to the translation of some commonly used medical words (groups). As mentioned above? Heart failure? In the first lesson, secondaryto is translated into? Second to? Have a connection with ... At the same time as ..., accompanied by ... . (3) Pay attention to the translation of some technical terms. For example, pressure overload and volume overload are translated into pressure overload respectively? And then what? Capacity overload? Previous myocardial infarction? Old infarction? Pulmonary capillary pressure? Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure? .
5 choose exercises to consolidate review.
One advantage of this textbook is that it is very practical, especially the practice of B-text, which is closely combined with what has been learned, so that students can consolidate what they have learned in practice. Such as the question 1? Answer the question? To help students understand the full text; Question 2? Define terms? Help students practice oral expression; Question 3? Phrase translation? To help students review the professional vocabulary they have learned; Question 4? Abstract translation? , not only trained students' Chinese-English translation skills, but also further understood the full text, and further understood the differences between the two languages through English-Chinese translation. These exercises can be chosen or done completely. Generally speaking, these exercises cover everything from reading, translation to oral English. Teachers can make full use of after-class exercises, selectively and purposefully give lectures on special topics or focus on helping students consolidate their knowledge. To sum up, this teaching mode can promote teachers and students to learn from each other, learn from each other's strengths, enhance mutual understanding between teachers and students, and finally achieve the teaching purpose.
References:
Dudley Evans of St. John. The development of ESP [M]. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998.
[2] Huang Zhu. Theory and practice of foreign language teaching [M]. Nanjing: Yilin Press, 200 1.
[3] Zhao. College medical English (1) [M]. Beijing: People's Military Medical Publishing House, 2006.
[4] Liang Zhu. Attention should be paid to output in English teaching [J]. Foreign language field,1999,76 (4): 53.
[5] Hua Zhongle, Liang,. Exploring the way of medical English teaching in the new century [J]. Foreign Language Circle, 200 1, 82
[knowledge expansion]
The following is a classic reference essay for the graduation thesis of pedagogy.
Education is not only a theoretical problem, but also a practical one. As a theoretical issue, it inevitably involves the purpose, significance and thought of education. As a practical problem, it also involves how to realize the purpose, significance and thought of education. Therefore, the study of both can not be separated from the perspective of value. Educational behavior itself is a kind of value behavior. China scholars started to study the value of education late, while foreign scholars began to study it in18th century. Spencer first proposed it? What knowledge is the most valuable? Problems; Dewey divided the educational value into intrinsic value and instrumental value, one being individual meaning and the other being social function. Since then, people have discussed and studied this issue from the perspective of cultural values and philosophical axiology.
First of all, education is a value choice.
Education and value are two different concepts. Education has a purpose, and a purpose is bound to be valuable. Value has two aspects: material and spiritual. The logic of education and value is as follows: 1) Education has nothing to do with value; 2) The concept of education is basic, and the concept of value is defined according to the concept of education; 3) The concept of value is basic, and the concept of education is defined according to the concept of value; 4) Neither the concept of education nor the concept of value can define themselves according to each other. What this article wants to study is the educational value, therefore, it is mainly to pay attention to education first, and then to the educational value. Professor Wang Kunqing believes that value is a concept corresponding to facts in the philosophical sense. If facts are mainly the object of scientific research, then philosophy should answer the question of value. To quote h.rickert, the world is composed of reality and value, and the subject and object are part of the real world, which is opposite to the value world. The behavior of education will be a valuable behavior in the eyes of every rational person. Is educational value a connotation in educational activities? Okay？ It exists objectively in the educational phenomenon. Because education is valuable, it has been an important way to influence human social life since its birth. Thanks to education, human civilization can be inherited, created and transformed. In essence, the educational value embodies a positive and positive meaning. It is very necessary to choose the correct educational values, analyze and overcome the negative and negative educational values in educational practice.
Education is a kind of value choice, which is reflected in the needs of people as the main body of social practice. According to the viewpoint of value, value depends entirely on people, and it depends on people's subjective needs. Things are valuable because people pursue it and need it, so its value mainly depends on people's needs. Education is valuable because it can improve people's cultural level, enable people to acquire skills to make a living, change people's living environment and improve people's quality of life. It is worth noting that value subjectivism does not think that subjective demand is value, but that subjective demand points to value. Education can only embody its value if it internalizes the understanding of the educational object itself into a kind of ability and level, so that the object can get what he wants. It can be seen that the embodiment of educational value generally meets three conditions, namely, the usefulness of the educational object to the object; Education has a certain purpose for the object; An object's desire or preference for its usefulness.
Education is a kind of value choice, and the orientation of educational behavior to a certain value is the result of values acting on people. People's attitudes, views and understanding of a certain problem also vary with their educational level. In other words, different people have different values. Education has right and wrong values. Education is a kind of value choice based on correct values, and the value choice of education is the behavior process of subject to object. In this process, people's needs are constantly met, the attributes of objects are constantly recognized and transformed, and the subject and object tend to be consistent in educational practice, developing in a positive, positive and perfect direction, making human society tend to be civilized and progressive.
Second, the value of purpose and tool.
Since human beings took the initiative to operate and receive education, education has naturally been instrumentalized. Both society and individuals should pursue interests beyond education through education, and think that the existence of education is a kind of value. ? Rejuvenate the country and the people, teaching first? 、? Education saves the country? 、? Rejuvenate the country through science and education? 、? If the economy wants to develop, education should go first? This statement reflects that society has always positioned education as a tool, and its logical inference is:? If education is useless to economic development, it is impossible for the state and society to run education enthusiastically. For individuals, the meaning of education is nothing more than a tool. ? [1]2 1~22 It can be seen that educational values are tools to achieve goals. In fact, any education has two values, and the educational value is no exception. Educational value is mainly the content of theoretical research, aiming at judging what value educational activities have and how to pursue and realize these values, thus forming a theoretical system with logical connections and basic concepts. In my opinion, another value of education is the value of satisfying people's survival and development, which is the basic purpose value. Instrumental values are a type of educational activities, and they are the names of educational practice activities that people engage in under the guidance of correct educational values. Purpose value and tool value constitute two different value fields, but they are inseparable from the guidance of philosophy. From the perspective of historical development, western value education is an educational response that people oppose scientism and advocate maintaining human dignity and personality in philosophy. The goal value of education is closely related to the tool value. Education is the value choice of the subject value orientation, and the subject of education is people, and people's demand orientation is definitely purposeful and needs tools. People have a purpose for one thing, so they must have tools to achieve it. There is an old saying in China. Why not retire and do the internet? , is to reflect the relationship between purpose and tool. So the purpose and tools are also valuable to people. Education has both objective value and instrumental value. Therefore, it can be said that the value of education is twofold. As a basic human need, education is both an end and a tool. It has both purpose value and tool value. The subject and object of purpose value and tool value are sometimes unified and sometimes separated. As individuals, subject and object have the same target value and tool value. As the object of subject education, the subject pays more attention to the target value, and the object must adopt corresponding methods and tools to realize the requirements of the subject, so the object pays more attention to the tool value. Examining education from the purpose and tools can not only improve the efficiency of education, but also make our education biased towards the good side. In other words, if the purpose is correct, the tool may not be correct; If the purpose is incorrect, the tool may be incorrect, and even if it is correct, it will not achieve the correct purpose. Of course, the purpose and the means to achieve it are also relative. Purpose can be divided into legal and illegal. The improper purpose has no educational significance, and only the proper purpose has the purpose value. The tools to achieve the goal have both rationality and legitimacy. Purpose cannot constrain the rationality and legitimacy of tools, but they are also internally related.
Third, the main embodiment of educational value.
1. The individual value of education
Education is the basic need for individuals to realize themselves in social life. Individuals have their own ideals, visions, ambitions and attitudes; Individuals integrate with society, adapt to the requirements of social life development, and hope to continuously improve their quality of life and social status. The process of individual socialization is actually a practical process of self-realization. The practice of self-realization guides individuals to learn knowledge, acquire skills and receive education. The result of individual self-development, self-improvement and self-display is the embodiment of individual educational value. The value of individual education is related to itself, environment and cultural background, and involves the significance of individual education value. Different individual educational values have different meanings. Judging from the basic category of human nature in philosophy, scholars at home and abroad basically explore human nature along the values of good and evil. So I very much agree with Rousseau's view of education. I think man is the only animal that needs education, and only through education can he become a man. Education is the ladder and avenue for the expansion and sublimation of human nature. The theory of human nature holds that human nature should have three attributes, namely naturalness, sociality and spirituality, and spirituality is more important for people's all-round development. Only by constantly developing and upgrading to the spiritual world can a person be more like a person in independent activities and possess his own essence more comprehensively. Spiritual wealth will always surpass material wealth, and spiritual happiness and happiness will always be higher than material happiness and happiness. Thus, the core of individual education value is spirit. As an individual, he has his own thoughts and viewpoints, and his value orientation is influenced by many factors such as the environment and culture in which he lives, and correct thoughts and viewpoints cannot be separated from education. China's traditional education pays attention to the cultivation of morality and honesty; The educational pursuit of foreign individuals is different from ours. Therefore, the value of individual education is the way to realize it.
2. Social value of education
Individuals cannot be divorced from society, and neither can their educational value be divorced from the social value of education. Through education, a person has acquired knowledge, mastered certain skills, and gained utilitarian value and cognitive value in knowledge. If there is no correct social value to guide, these things may be the capital for individuals to bargain with society and others. Once they can't satisfy their selfish desires in some aspects, they may fall because of anti-society and anti-spiritual culture. Therefore, the value of individual education should reflect the social value of education, and the value of individual education should be unified with the social value of education. Only when social value is internalized into personal value can personal value be formed. The famous mathematician Su believes that reading is not only to get rid of personal difficulties, but also to save the suffering people in China; Reading is not only to find a way out for individuals, but also to seek a new life for the Chinese nation. To this end, he set? Reading does not forget to save the country, saving the country does not forget to read? His ambition, he realized the unity of personal educational value and social value.
3. The cultural value of education
Represented by E. Springer and T. Te Li? Cultural education? Schools advocate cultural values in education. With the development of science and technology, people pay more attention to the cultivation of material and scientific spirit, ignoring the importance of humanistic spirit, which leads to the decline of cultural value. Since 1980s, people have begun to wake up, ending the opposition and division between science and humanities, and returning the study of humanistic value theory to the field of educational philosophy. If a culture can promote educational progress, then it is advanced; Otherwise, it is backward. Marxism tells us that whether a culture is worth supporting and advocating depends on whether it can scientifically reflect and reflect the laws and development trends of education. The cultural values of education should be: vigorously develop advanced culture and support healthy and beneficial culture; Strive to transform cultural lag; Resolutely resist decadent culture. A country and a nation cannot live without their own culture, and a nation without culture is doomed to decline. Excellent culture can not only cultivate people's sentiment, form people's will and morality, renew people's spirit, unite people's hearts and promote the realization of cultural values; Moreover, correct cultural values can make excellent culture innovate and progress continuously and adapt to the needs of social life development.
Of course, individual value, social value and cultural value are only its main aspects, and there are many aspects about the expression of educational value. With the deepening of research, people will definitely have a more complete and updated understanding of the value of education.
;