The following is an introduction to the writing steps of college students' graduation thesis, which I compiled for reference only!

Collect detailed writing reference materials

After the topic is determined, it is necessary to start collecting materials in the fields involved in the topic. The materials collected should be extensive, detailed and practical, and the materials are generally divided into theoretical and factual types. Theoretically, we can find a lot of relevant materials in libraries, reference rooms, bookstores and online, and sort them out after finding them. Facts can also be collected from books, newspapers and periodicals. Of course, it is best to know through personal contact and other people's experiences, such as work experience or statistical data at work. If the situation permits, it is best to personally experience the investigation and study, so that the facts and examples are more convincing, and the collected materials should be collected and carefully selected.

It is very necessary to choose the standard and range of materials to the maximum extent; Minimize the choice of information, and the information should be sufficiently powerful. The most important thing when collecting information is authenticity, concreteness and novelty. It is necessary to identify the authenticity of materials, eliminate useless and false materials, and think about it again and again. Someone summed it up as:? Capture information, identify, centralize and store it? , is a very refined summary.

In a word, the process of collecting materials is the process of sorting out and studying, and the comparison, thinking and screening of materials are the premise and foundation of the thesis's argumentation and argument.

Draw up a writing outline

Advantages of the outline: it helps to establish the overall point of view of the article, clarify the thinking, arrange and collect materials reasonably, and better integrate the logic and content of my article. In drafting the outline, in order to form a clear and rigorous theoretical system of logical relationship with the materials to be used, it is necessary not only to choose, add, delete and adjust a large number of materials, but also to consider the layout and viewpoints of the paper. There are two ways to write an outline: one is the title, and the other is the sentence. Either way, the title of the article should be drawn up first. There are two kinds of article titles, one is to show the table of the paper, which is the title of summarizing the arguments, and the other is to show the title of the topic, which is to reveal what is studied and the central content of the article.

Write the first draft Mainly content summary and text writing.

Abstract: Abstract is the epitome of the paper, and it is a complete paper. It mainly includes: explaining the purpose, methods and achievements of the author's research on the topic of thesis writing, especially the new insights and creative achievements of this paper. Words should be concise and translated into corresponding foreign languages. Note 3？ Five representative and contoured ones? Key words?

Writing text: The text is the main part of the paper, which usually consists of three parts: introduction, theory and conclusion.

① Introduction. The introduction mainly explains the reason and significance of studying this topic, raises questions, and sometimes simply writes a little historical review, the basic idea of this article, and the methods used to study this topic.

(2) this theory. This theory is the core of the paper, which should include theoretical analysis, demonstration, elaboration, innovation and so on. Here, we focus on establishing arguments and discussing them; Develop innovative thinking. Establish an argument and discuss it. Argument is the soul and value of an article. This argument is a correction mentioned earlier in the article; Refers to where the preface is wrong, what is the correct view and what is the basis. Another example is what you advocate and what you oppose. The argument should be accurate, clear and prominent. Arguments are generated in the analysis and research of data, so don't draw a conclusion first, and then find materials to prove it. The formation of an argument is actually a process of sorting out, analyzing and summarizing data. The author should sort out clues from the data and find problems from them. Finding a problem is the first step to solve it. The ability to establish an argument is mainly abstract, that is, to extract something with regularity from the vast amount of information.

Discussion refers to the process of explaining an argument with arguments. After the argument is established, we will discuss it. The discussion should be rigorous. We must deal with the relationship between arguments and arguments in the process of discussion. Argument is explained by argument, and argument is directed by argument. Arguments and arguments are dialectical unity. In the process of discussion, arguments and arguments must form a unified organic whole, so that arguments can serve arguments well Materials and viewpoints should be unified, materials should be well organized, and their arguments should be explained. The discussion level should be clear, such as dividing the problem into three arguments, that is, three levels to discuss. Discussions should also use reliable examples, detailed materials and beautiful forms to express their thoughts and opinions, and the language of discussion should be vivid and vivid. Discussion ability mainly refers to logical thinking, reasoning and judgment ability. Develop innovative thinking. The purpose of pioneering and innovative thinking is to find the research object as soon as possible, or to break through the achievements of predecessors and realize new inventions as soon as possible. Mr. Li Jinglong summed up three basic conditions for developing creative thinking: abundant reserves; Increase the probability of interaction between information; Increase the potential energy to solve problems. Without these three conditions, creative thinking cannot be formed. Does this mean that the more books you read, the richer information you collect, and the higher your professional level, the greater the possibility of forming creative thinking? The bigger it is. And a lot of information stored in the brain will interact with each other, resulting in new thinking. Increasing the probability of interaction between information will increase the possibility of creative thinking.

In addition to these three basic conditions, some researchers believe that creative thinking has a great relationship with the author's personality. This is rich imagination, strong curiosity and strong interest in problems. Creative thinking can give us new wishes, new horizons, new ideas and new creativity. With creative thinking, we can see the flash that others can't find from the general opinion, and have a superior vision, so as to climb the heights that others can't reach.

Foreign management scientists put forward 10 methods that can inspire innovative thinking, which can be used for reference: a. seeking differences, b. discovering, c. trying, d. practical methods (direct hands-on), e. verification, f. design, s. fantasy, h. reflection, i. guiding thinking (reverse thinking), l. The 10 method can be used alone or in combination. (See "New Concept of Entrepreneur" P454)

③ Conclusion. The conclusion is a summary of the whole paper. The writing of the conclusion can summarize the full text and put forward the problems and prospects for further research. The summary should be clear, concise, complete and accurate. When writing a text, you must pay attention to carefully drafting according to the writing outline. The outline embodies the rationality of the level, paragraph, transition and fine coherence of references. When writing the text, you should prevent the outline from being too big. Be accurate in your point of view and fluent in your writing. Can you write it all at once? Ten steps and nine turns back? How to write.

Second draft and final draft

On the basis of the first draft, the paper can be perfected day by day after repeated thinking and revision. This article should be reviewed and revised. To change anything is to change ideas, materials, structure and language. Structure: the transition between levels and paragraphs. Whether the structural arrangement is complete and logical will directly affect the expression of views. After the final paper is printed, it must be approved by the tutor and signed on the instruction form. The printing format must meet the unified requirements. See the Structural Format Standard (P6). Make sure to keep a printed copy. 3? Five people, one for each.

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