Basketball offensive technique

Author: Ministry of Sports and Health Article Source: This site original hits: 847 Update time: March 9, 2006

Basketball offensive technique

Basketball offensive techniques include two kinds: without ball and with ball.

Mainly: 1. Empty cut, 2. Throwing with bare hands, 3. Catch the ball, 4. Pass the ball, 5. Dribble, 6. Shoot, 7. Breakthrough with the ball, etc.

The main manifestations of current offensive techniques

1) Strengthen the connection between technical movements and improve the changing ability of movements.

2) Improve the skills of movements and use them freely.

3) The speed of technical action is accelerated, which shortens the preparation time of action.

4) the suddenness of the action is improved;

5) The players without the ball move quickly, which expands the moving range and improves the antagonism and concealment of the action.

(A) the offensive skills of players without the ball

There are two kinds of offensive actions of players without the ball: actively creating offensive opportunities and helping their companions. The main reason is that the peripheral players cut into the basket and suddenly moved to get rid of the ball, and the inside players got rid of the opponent's ball. Generally, the purpose of attack is achieved by starting, changing direction, running at variable speed, stopping suddenly, turning around and diving.

1, blank cutting

Concept: The purpose of empty cut is to get rid of defenders, take the ball in the open space or under the basket or cooperate with the attack.

The method of empty cutting:

1) utilization speed. Get close to your opponent before you get rid of him, and then suddenly start to overtake him with speed.

2) Take advantage of the change of the opponent's center of gravity. Using the methods of changing direction and speed, faking, and suddenly turning around when the opponent is pressing, the opponent's center of gravity is out of balance.

ask

(1) You need to cooperate with your partner's actions. Don't let more than two players run to one direction and one attack point at the same time. It is necessary to distinguish levels and priorities.

(2) Coordinate with the ball. During the departure time, don't cut to the basket too early, and the direction of empty cutting is best opposite or parallel to the position of the ball.

(3) To get close to each other, block each other with body and foot movements.

(4) Start suddenly, and master the movement rhythm and rate change after starting.

(5) Run sideways during the empty cut, pay attention to the movement of the ball, and be ready to catch the ball at any time.

Get rid of your opponent.

Concept: When the opponent uses man-to-man defense and can't catch the ball smoothly, the player without the ball should take the initiative to get rid of the opponent and create a chance to catch the ball.

The way to get rid of it is:

1) When the opponent is pressing, the attacker can quickly cut into the blank under the basket, and then suddenly stop or turn around to open the distance from the opponent (as shown in the right picture).

2) When the opponent's defense is inconvenient to get the ball directly, take the initiative to approach the opponent, squeeze the opponent to the basket before catching the ball, and then suddenly retreat (as shown on the right).

In addition to the above two ways to get rid of opponents, peripheral players can also use cross transposition and cover to get rid of opponents' control to catch the ball.

Center players and inside players can get rid of their opponents when using man-to-man defense.

(1) Card position: When the center player asks for the ball in situ, he blocks the opponent with sideways stride and arm movements, or squeezes the opponent with a step back. Keep your opponent in the direction of the incoming ball.

(2) Change direction: In jogging, suddenly change the moving direction near the defense and block the opponent at the side or behind. When the two sides compete for the attack point, they can stop the defender by circuitous steps, striding, turning around and striding.

(3) Turn around: Get close to the defender during running and suddenly turn around to block the opponent.

(4) Fake action: When you get rid of your opponent in the same place or on the journey, you can use footstep action or body shaking to induce your opponent to make a wrong judgment when choosing a position and blocking cards, so as to get rid of the opponent's pursuit.

Get rid of your opponent's demands

(1) Combine speed and speed, and move suddenly.

(2) We should combine reality with reality and make positive changes. If the peripheral players squeeze into the basket and the defense is not blocked, they can cut directly to the basket.

(3) Be calm and seize the opportunity. If the inside player gets rid of his opponent, he should pay attention to the transfer of the ball and don't blindly run back and forth under the basket.

3. Catch the ball: There are two ways to catch the ball: one hand and two hands. The specific application depends on the strength, direction and landing point of the ball. The quality of catching the ball directly affects the next action.

Receiving requirements: (1) Grasp the favorable position and actively receive the ball. Don't stand where you are waiting for the ball. (2) When catching the ball, pass the information to the passer. You can express the intention of catching the ball and the direction and landing point of the ball through language code, hand, eye or body movements. (3) Before catching the ball, you should know the situation on the court, make a prediction on how to handle the ball, pass the ball out in time and quickly when you can't shoot a breakthrough after catching the ball, and create better offensive opportunities by using the constant movement of your companions and the ball. (4) Catch the ball quickly and combine rigidity and flexibility. After the ball touches the finger, the wrist is pulled back to cushion the power of the ball. (5) Protect the ball with your arms and body to prevent the opponent from steals the ball. When a player doesn't have the ball, he can not only cut the ball and get rid of the opponent's catch attack, but also create offensive opportunities for his companions by moving, such as empty space and weak side assists.

2) Offensive skills of players with the ball

After the player gets the ball, the basic offensive action is passing, shooting or dribbling. Therefore, when a player catches the ball, he must first maintain an "offensive" posture (passing, throwing and jumping), so that the catch can be closely combined with the next action.

1. passing: it is the main means of cooperation between players and one of the most used techniques in the game.

In modern basketball, the concealment of passing the ball is strengthened and the ways are diverse, and the ability to control and dominate the ball and the ability to analyze and judge the ball are greatly improved. However, passing mistakes in the game are still a big problem, which not only reduces the success rate of attack, but also has a negative impact on the psychology of peers.

Causes of passing mistakes: Subjectively, it is mainly caused by poor basic skills, large movement range, poor concealment, poor grasp of passing strength, time difference and inappropriate passing time. Therefore, improving the standardization, skill and aggression of passing action is an important problem to be solved urgently in teaching and training.

Common passing actions: two-handed chest pass, two-handed head pass, one-handed shoulder pass, one-handed rebound pass, one-handed low-handed pass, one-handed side pass, one-handed back pass, dribbling and so on. , can be done in situ, during or after the jump.

Qualification requirements

(1) Observe the situation on the field before passing the ball, pass the ball quickly, and don't let the ball stay in your hand for too long.

(2) The passing action should be hidden, and several hidden passing techniques should be mastered, and the passing should be combined with shooting, breakthrough and fake action.

(3) There should be more points to pass the ball, and the action range should not be too large. You should pass the ball with wrist strength.

(4) Grasp the direction, height and landing point of passing the ball according to the intention and action of the partner.

(5) Don't pass the ball when your partner doesn't get rid of his opponent, or doesn't have a good chance to catch the ball and is likely to be trapped.

(6) Pass the ball timely and accurately, and pass the ball. Each pass should make it easier for the opponent to make the next move after receiving the ball.

(7) Don't stare at the receiver and pass the ball. For fun, really or not.

(8) Peripheral players should use passing to mobilize opponents and command companions according to their own defensive tactics and our tactical requirements.

(9) Immediately after passing the ball, move to the empty space or cut the empty space. Never exclude yourself from the next collective cooperation. Because the players who catch the ball need the help and cooperation of their peers, they should also consider competing for rebounds and creating offensive opportunities for other players.

(10) Pass the ball calmly, calmly and decisively.

2. Shooting: The focus of the contradiction between offensive and defensive basketball is shooting. The purpose of attack is to score goals, and the purpose of defense is to prevent the other side from scoring goals. The result of a game is determined by the number of points scored. Therefore, all offensive and defensive techniques and tactics are centered on shooting, creating better opportunities for basketball shooting.

How to improve scoring ability

We should improve the shooting percentage and strive to increase the number of shots. The relationship between them is qualitative and quantitative, and they complement each other.

Methods of increasing shooting times

Accelerate the attack rhythm, shorten the coordination time and streamline the coordination organization.

Method for improve shooting percentage

Strengthen shooting training, master the correct shooting action, be good at using shooting techniques reasonably in the game, and create better shooting opportunities.

(1) Shooting technique: It can be divided into three types: in-situ shooting, moving shooting and jumping shooting.

The main action of shooting: shooting in situ with both hands holding the chest; Put your hands on your head and shoot in situ; One-handed shoulder shot in situ; Clap your shoulders with one hand when marching; Shooting with one hand and two hands and low hands when marching; Backhand shooting; Hook shot; Jump up and clap your shoulders; Jump up and clap your hands on your head; Dunk or something.

At present, the development and improvement of shooting technology is mainly manifested in the emergence of new shooting technology. Such as various ways of dunk, high-altitude make-up, semi-hook shooting, jumping up and changing direction shooting, etc. Enrich and develop shooting techniques, diversify shooting techniques and improve the practicality of shooting. 2) Be good at shooting with "time, space and difference". Before the shot, the action is obviously accelerated, the suddenness of the action is improved, and the shot often jumps up suddenly while moving. At the same time, he is good at using fake movements, quick shots and spatial changes of hand and body movements to avoid defensive blocking and shooting. 3) Skillful combination of shooting, passing and breakthrough. 4) Improve the ability of confrontation when shooting, and often shoot forcibly when the body is out of balance and the defense is tight. 5) The scoring ability of players in all positions is generally improved, especially the shooting outside the three-point line, which is generally valued and used.

(2) Factors affecting shooting percentage

The shooting percentage is related to many factors, basically as follows:

1) projection angle, parabola and basket angle;

2) the rotation of the ball;

3) aim at the basket point;

4) technical specifications;

5) timing;

6) Psychological factors, etc.

Projection angle, parabola and basket entry angle

Projection angle: that is, the angle between the tangent of the hand point and the horizontal plane.

Parabola: When shooting, after the ball is released, the arc trajectory formed by gravity in space flight.

Basket entry angle: the angle between the tangent passing through the basket entry point and the horizontal plane.

The projection angle determines the arc of the ball flying in the air and the angle of the basket. The projection angle is large, the arc of the ball flying in the air is high, and the basket angle is large. On the contrary, it is small. Only by combining a certain projection angle with a certain shooting speed can the ball fly along a suitable trajectory, thus obtaining a suitable shooting angle and improving the accuracy of shooting.

According to the research, the specific conditions for the best, second best and better projection angles are:

Optimum projection angle: within the range of allowable deviation of projection angle, the incident angle is between 36 and 47.

Second-best projection angle: within the range of allowable deviation of projection angle, the incident angle is between 44 and 47.36.

Good projection angle: within the range of allowable deviation of projection angle, the incident angle is between 41.2-44.

However, the projection angle is not static, it changes with the shooter's height and shooting distance.

2) Rotation of the ball: When shooting, the rotation of the ball is a regular rotation of the ball by lifting the ball with an outstretched arm, bending or rotating the wrist forward, and pulling the ball with fingers. Because the action mode and direction of shooting are different, the rotation of the ball is also different. Generally speaking, when shooting without touching the board at a long distance, the ball mostly rotates around the horizontal axis, which is easy to increase the flying arc of the ball and thus increase the incident cross section. When shooting at the basket, the ball should be turned sideways or not according to different shooting actions and positions, so that it can produce a suitable angle when hitting the board. Therefore, in order to improve the shooting percentage, the ball should be rotated normally through the plucking action of fingers.

3) aiming at the basket point: it is a point where the eyes look at the basket or rebound when shooting.

Aiming is to accurately observe the shooting direction and distance, so as to determine the shooting angle, strength, speed and the flying radian of the ball. It is an important link to improve the shooting percentage.

Because there are two kinds of shooting: direct shooting and impact shooting, there are also two kinds of aiming points. The aiming point of the direct hit is the point where the iron ring is closest to the shooter, which usually refers to the midpoint of the front edge of the iron ring. This aiming point is suitable for throwing hollow balls anywhere on the court. Touchboard shooting is aiming at a certain point of the backboard, that is, throwing the ball on the backboard, hitting the board and entering the basket when shooting. In the position where the shooter and the backboard form an angle of15-45, it is better to hit the board and shoot, and the position close to 30 is the most suitable. When shooting against the board, we should choose the right aiming point according to the shooting position, distance, height of the ball, hand strength, action speed, flying radian of the ball, turning of the ball and other factors.

4) Technical specifications

The technical specifications of shooting include: holding the ball, arm movements and strength application.

Standardized shooting technique is beneficial to control the flying direction and speed of the ball. That is, the coordination of active muscles and antagonistic muscles during shooting is beneficial to the fine adjustment of improving movements by the nervous system.

5) Shooting time

The timing of shooting is not only closely related to the shooting percentage, but also has a certain influence on the mood of peers. Good shooting opportunities in the game are created by subjective efforts and peer cooperation.

It mainly includes: good shooting position, avoiding the cover of defenders, rebounding with partners when shooting, game time, score and tactical requirements.

6) Psychological factors

The shooting percentage in the game depends largely on psychological factors. It is mainly about emotion, will, athletes' perceptual ability, thinking and imagination. Are closely related to the shooting percentage.

Because the athletes finish shooting under the condition of high tension and fierce confrontation in the competition, this undoubtedly causes various psychological pressures to the athletes. The size of the game, the time of the game, the score, the mood of the audience, the defensive ability of the opponent and so on. It is also easy to make them emotionally unstable, especially the antagonism of modern basketball is getting stronger and stronger. To ensure the shooting percentage, athletes are required to have a strong will, that is, to eliminate psychological tension, eliminate all external interference and establish confidence in winning. Only in this way can we ensure the normal play of the original technical level.

Step 2 dribble

The purpose of dribbling is to get rid of opponents and organizational cooperation.

The key of dribbling technology is the player's ability to control and protect the ball and the proficiency of footwork.

At present, the dribbling technology has made new progress and the technology has been greatly improved. For example, there are many changes in dribbling behind the body and dribbling under the legs, and at the same time, the action has developed from the original racket to suction, making the dribbling technique more protective, sudden and aggressive.

Dribble technique and method

1) dribble high; 2) dribbling in front of the body; 3) Stop when dribbling; 4) Turn around and change hands to dribble; 5) Pull back, turn around and dribble. 6) Dribble under your legs, etc.

In the absence of defense, when advancing from the backcourt to the frontcourt, the high dribble is generally used. To dribble the ball purposefully to the frontcourt is conducive to the choice of cooperation. When dribbling, don't stop the ball near the center line easily because of the interference of the other side, so as not to be out of touch or surrounded by the other side when organizing the half-court attack and cooperation. Players can use various dribbling methods to get rid of their opponents when they can't pass the ball because of the opponent's full-court tight defense.

Dribble is to organize and coordinate or adjust the offensive rhythm and position, and also to break the score or disrupt the opponent's defense by dribbling. Therefore, we should seize the opportunity to dribble. Don't dribble blindly, especially after getting the ball, avoid unnecessary actions and personal dribbling. In addition, be careful not to dribble, stop the ball at the corner of the field, so as not to attack and cause a return error.

I want to ask

(1) to the other side. Dare to approach your opponent. When approaching, you can turn around and dribble behind your back to get rid of each other;

(2) Dribble the ball in the middle as far as possible, expand the attack surface and avoid being attacked by the other side;

(3) there must be changes in speed and direction, so that the other person's body loses balance in the speed and direction of change;

(4) Hands should be proficient in dribbling skills to increase the offensive ability of the ball;

(5) Free your eyes from dribbling, try not to watch dribbling, and always pay attention to the offensive opportunities and defenders of your partner behind and near your body;

(6) dribbling should be combined with breakthrough, passing and close combination;

(7) When dribbling, we should reasonably cooperate with body movements and footwork movements.

2, holding the ball to break through

Holding the ball is an offensive technique that combines footwork and dribbling.

The breakthrough of holding the ball can be divided into two types: the breakthrough of holding the ball in situ and the breakthrough of catching and stopping the ball.

There are three kinds of footwork: synchronous step, stride and turn.

The technical structure of the breakthrough consists of four links: stepping the center of gravity, turning around and probing the shoulder, releasing the ball and accelerating.

Seize the opportunity to break the ball.

First, actively create opportunities. For example, using fake actions to induce the opponent to lose his normal defensive position. Or when catching the ball, use less jumping and stopping to dislocate the defender. The other is the defender's mistakes, such as being too aggressive or too close, incorrect defensive position, wrong judgment and so on. In the game. Sometimes for tactical needs, when a one-on-one situation is formed with the cooperation of peers, a forced breakthrough can be made.

ask

(1) Before the breakthrough, it is necessary to analyze the situation of defenders and companions in time and choose the breakthrough direction in a targeted manner.

(2) We should seize the opportunity to break through, and don't blindly break through to the basket when there is no gap under the basket.

(3) Strengthen the breakthrough speed and suddenness.

(4) It should be closely combined with shooting, passing and fake action.

(5) Before the center foot leaves the ground, the ball must leave the hand, otherwise it is illegal to run with the ball.

In the game, when the players get the ball, they should organically combine throwing, passing and sudden according to the requirements of the scene and offensive tactics. .